Umsebenzi nentuthuko yabantu isifinyelele ezingeni lapho kungenzeka ukwakha cishe noma yini. Sibonga ulwazi lobunjiniyela, amarobhothi kanye nesayensi ehlobene, zonke izinhlobo zemishini zingadalwa. Phakathi kwezivelele kakhulu izingxenye zomkhumbi-mkhathi, imoto ephakathi kwamaplanethi ethuthuka njalo ukuze ivune isintu.
Kusukela ekufikeni kuka-Neil Armstrong eNyangeni, umkhumbi-mkhathi ubulokhu wenza izinguquko ezidingekayo. Ngentshisekelo yokuqinisekisa ukubuya okusheshayo emkhathini nokukhulisa ibha ngohambo lwesikhathi esizayo oluphethwe umuntu oluya ku-Mars, ukulungiswa okunjalo kwenziwa ngokunemba. Ngakho-ke, kufanelekile ukugqamisa ukuthi yini eyenza umkhumbi-mkhathi ukhetheke kangaka nokuthi wenziwa kanjani ngokuningiliziwe.
Ungase futhi ube nentshisekelo esihlokweni sethu: Uyafuna ukwazi ukuthi ubani owayengowesifazane wokuqala esikhaleni?
Bheka ukuthi umkhumbi-mkhathi umangalisa futhi umangalisa kangakanani!
Umkhumbi-mkhathi uwuphawu lokucushwa okuphezulu komuntu ngokobuchwepheshe bezimoto. Kuyaziwa ukuthi izinto zokuhamba zibalulekile ukuhambisa indoda kanye nemithwalo emikhulu. Nokho, imikhumbi-mkhathi idlulela ngale kwesisekelo esinjalo ngokuqondene.
Umthombo: Google
Abalutho futhi abalutho ngaphandle kwalabo abaphethe ukuthutha umuntu emkhathini, bephula amandla adonsela phansi oMhlaba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, azihloselwe nje kuphela ukufaka isintu endaweni yonke, kodwa ukuqalisa imisebenzi yasemkhathini. Ngakho-ke, sebephenduke i-amulet for the NASA kanye nazo zonke izikhungo zasemkhathini ezikwazi ukutshala umkhumbi.
Namuhla, i-SpaceX ihamba phambili ngokuthuthukiswa nokukhiqizwa kwemikhumbi-mkhathi. Inkampani edumile ka-Elon Musk iyakuqonda ukubaluleka umkhumbi-mkhathi ozoba nawo esikhathini esizayo. Njengomphumela, ukuthuthukisa umqondo wabo wonke kanye nomklamo ukuze baguqule babe ngamadivayisi aphephile kuyindlela ende okufanele yenziwe.
Ngamafuphi, umkhumbi-mkhathi uyinqola ye-aerodynamic eyenza imisebenzi eminingana. Ngenxa yefomu lakhe lokusuka, akakwazi ukuphinde azingene eMhlabeni, ngakho badinga irokhethi lasemkhathini.
Le mikhumbi inikwa amandla umgomo onamandla wokuthungela nokuthunyelwa, ekwazi ukuzibeka ngempumelelo ku-orbit. Bese, zishayelwa njengazo zonke ezinye izimoto, umehluko wokuthi zindiza phezu komjikelezo woMhlaba.
Ngokubukeka, le mikhumbi ifana nendiza encane yezentengiselwano, kodwa ngamakhono obuchwepheshe afaneleka kakhulu enjongweni. Ngaphakathi kwayo, ikhabethe lishintshwa ukuze amalungu eqembu akwazi ukunyakaza futhi enze ngamandla.
Ingaphakathi lomkhumbi-mkhathi belilokhu lidala uzungu. Kunjani ngempela?
Ukwazi ingaphakathi le-spaceship kuhle ukuze uqonde ukuthi lezi zimoto zodumo zimayelana nani. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, Ukubeka isimo kube ukhiye ekuphromotheni ukusebenza kosomkhathi.
Kuningi osekuthuthukisiwe kusukela umuntu eqala ukubeka unyawo eNyangeni. Ngokusebenzisa izinkomba noma ulwazi luka-Armstrong kanye nenkampani, imiqondo eyisisekelo iye yasungulwa ukuze kubunjwe ingaphakathi lomkhumbi-mkhathi.
Ikakhulukazi, namuhla sezesimanje kakhulu kunokuvamile ngenxa yokukhula kwebhizinisi lezinkanyezi. Akuyona i-Space X kuphela efundisa lokhu, kodwa futhi izinkampani ezinkulu ezifana Virgin Galactic.
Ngalowo mqondo, ingaphakathi lomkhumbi-mkhathi liya lishintsha ngokuqhubekayo ukuze kukhululeke usomkhathi. Futhi, ngaphezu kokunethezeka, ifakwe ubuchwepheshe bokuzulazula obucoliseke kakhulu ngokujwayelekile. Ngamanye amazwi, “imvula ine kakhulu” kusukela umuntu edlula ngempumelelo umjikelezo woMhlaba.
Konke okufihlwe ngemuva kwezindonga zendlu yendlu yesikhala
Ikhabethe lomkhathi liyingxenye esondelene kakhulu yomkhumbi, indawo lapho abasebenzi benza khona umsebenzi wabo. Ngokuyisisekelo, iyisikhungo sokuyala somkhumbi, lapho wonke ama-oda afanelekile atholwa futhi abulawa.
Ikhabethe lakhiwe ngokuyinhloko isiteshi salo esikhulu, lapho izihlalo zikhona. Isihlalo ngasinye kufanele sibe nezinyathelo zokulungisa nezokuphepha ukuze simelane noshintsho oluzumayo lwejubane namandla adonsela phansi. Futhi banempahla yekhwalithi ephezulu egcina umzimba usesimweni esihle kakhulu.
Ngokufanayo, okwamanje, ikhabethe lesikhala linokukhanya kwe-LED ukuze uthole ukukhanya okulungile nokwanelisayo. Iwuhlobo olufaneleka kakhulu lokukhanyisa lomsebenzi, ngoba aluyona incandescent noma i-obtrusive.
Njengoba kulindelekile, ikhabethe lomkhathi linezisekelo zamandla ezibalulekile ukuze abasebenzi bangaquleki. Ngezinhlelo ezihlanganisiwe ze-oxygenation kanye nezinga lokushisa, zinomthelela ekujwayelekeni ngokushesha.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, le khabhinethi ihlanganisa zonke izinsimbi zokulawula umkhumbi ohlangothini ngalunye. Kanjalo, ihlanganisa imithombo yezokuxhumana, ukugcina ukuxhumana nendawo emaphakathi ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ngakho-ke, impendulo phakathi kwechweba lokuqalisa kanye nomkhumbi osemkhathini ongaphandle ayilahleki.
Okokugcina, ikhabethe lesikhala alikwazi ukwethulwa ngaphandle kwesistimu yokukhipha amanzi evamile noma yokuphuma. Ngaphakathi kwayo, ama-cosmonauts kufanele akwazi ukwenza izidingo zawo zokuphuma komzimba ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ukujikeleza komkhumbi.
Ukuthuthela esikhathini esizayo nge-Crew Dragon. Lezi izingxenye zomkhumbi-mkhathi!
Umthombo: Google
I-Crew Dragon imake imvelaphi yomlando ungomunye womkhumbi-mkhathi ozimele owenziwe umuntu. Lo mkhumbi-mkhathi ngaphakathi uthuthukiswe ngobuchwepheshe bakamuva nobuhle.
Ngaphakathi kwe-Crew Dragon, intuthuko yokuqala eyenziwe isintu ukuze idlulele ngale kweNyanga isivele ibonakala. Le capsule ibonakala ngohlaka lwezinto ezisezingeni eliphezulu ezithanda ukundiza.
Umkhumbi-mkhathi ongaphakathi wengeza amasistimu wokuzulazula edijithali futhi alawulwayo ngesikrini. Ngokufanayo, Inezihlalo zabasebenzi abangafika kwabayi-7, konke okunezilungiselelo ezifanele zohambo.
Njengokungathi lokho akwanele, umkhumbi uqhosha ngochungechunge lwamapaneli elanga athwebula amandla angaphandle ukuze ukwandise ukusebenza kwawo kahle. Ngokunjalo, iyimoto engakhohlwa wukubona i-panorama yangaphandle, ibeka amawindi amaningi aseceleni ekwakhiweni kwayo. Zibone ngeso lengqondo uhamba emkhathini ngenkathi ubuka ngaphandle!