ulwandle lwe-aegean, itholakala eduze noLwandle iMedithera, igcina ulwazi oluningi ngomlando wempucuko kusukela ekuqaleni komuntu, ehambisana namasiko, izimpi, izindawo, izindawo nokunye okuningi.
El Ulwandle i-Aegean
El Ulwandle i-Aegean isemaphethelweni oLwandle iMedithera, olukhudlwana. Ukuchichima komlando namasiko kuyenza ibe ngenye yezindawo ezaziwa kakhulu. Kuphinde kwaba yinkundla yezimpi ezinkulu, uhambo lokuhamba ngezinyawo kanye nokufuna "impucuko" efana neMinoan kanye neMycenaean.
Le ndawo enamasiko amakhulu akwaziwa kahle ukuthi igama layo livelaphi; kukhona abantu abakholelwa ukuthi kungenxa yedolobha lase-Egas noma umlingiswa othile wasezinganekwaneni.
Izici ze-Aegean Sea
Ulwandle lusenyakatho yenkabazwe yasemhlabeni, maphakathi neTurkey Republic kanye nezwe lamaGrikhi, lolu lwandle lukhosela inqwaba yeziqhingi ezinobukhulu obuhlukahlukene, cishe 2.000, ngaphandle kokufaka izihluthulelo nokunye ukuqondanisa okukuwo. ulwandle. Ingxenye enkulu ivela eGreece, njengoba kunjalo nge:
- I-Lesbos.
- Rhodes.
- Ushoki.
- Santorini.
- I-Lesbos.
- I-Mykonos.
- Samos.
- Euboea.
Ukusuka enyakatho-mpumalanga uya oLwandle lwaseMarmara ungena nge-Dardanelles Strait. Ukuxhuma noLwandle Olumnyama ngokusebenzisa i-Strait eshiwo ngenhla, i-Marmara ne-Bosphorus noma i-Istanbul Strait.
I-Aegean ayinkulu futhi engxenyeni eseningizimu ibanzi, izungezwe ama-gulfs amaningana, amachweba, imigwaqo kanye neziqhingi ezimbalwa. Umhlabathi awufani futhi unemvelaphi enamatshe.
Indawo ebhalisiwe (214.000-215.000 square kilometers), nebanga (700 km). Izilinganiso zokuphela ezibanzi kakhulu (400-440 km) ezisuka entshonalanga ziye empumalanga.
Ulwandle luncane, kodwa lujulile, ezindaweni lapho lujule khona kakhulu lulinganiselwa (amamitha angu-2.500 3.543) endaweni engaphakathi kwamanzi ogwini olusenyakatho-mpumalanga yeGrisi nasogwini lwaseKrethe cishe (amamitha angu-8.500 679). m). Ibanga elisuka ogwini lwaseGreece lingaba (XNUMX km), kanti eleTurkey licishe libe (XNUMX km).
I-Aegean Sea ihlukaniswe yaba imizimba emithathu yamanzi enezici ezihlukene:
ungqimba lokuqala. Ilinganiselwa kumamitha angama-40 kuye kwangama-50, inezinga lokushisa ehlobo lika (21 kuya ku-26 ° centigrade)
Isendlalelo sesibili. Iphakathi nendawo, inobude obungu (40 kuya ku-50 m) ifinyelela (200 kuya ku-300 m) inezinga lokushisa elisuka ku-(11 kuya ku-18 ° Centigrade).
Isendlalelo sesithathu. Ingaphansi, enezinga lokushisa elingu-(13 kuya ku-14 ° C), idlula ukusuka ku-(300 kuya ku-500 m) ukushona. Kukho konke osekushiwo, kuyabonakala ukuthi iphakathi kolwandle olufudumele kakhulu.
Lolu lwandle lunezigaba ezintathu ezinolwandle oluncane:
- EKrethe.
- I-Thrace.
- I-Myrtles.
eziningana Imifula ezivela eYurophu nase-Asia zinezindawo zokudayisa kula manzi njenge:
- I-Maritza.
- I-Mesta.
- I-Strymon.
- I-Vardar.
I-Aegean Sea Formation
Kuthiwa indawo engaphansi kolwandle iwumthamo wezwe eliwile kanti iziqhingi ziyizindawo zezintaba ezigqama olwandle. Kufana ncamashi nalokho, ekujuleni ungabona amadiphu ahlukene kanye nokuvuleka, endaweni lapho kuvame ukugudluzwa kwamapuleti e-tectonic.
Impela, ngokwezwe, zingamanzi akamuva, anempilo esigabeni eside sokufuduka kwama-crusts, avula izindawo ezikhuphuka ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene, ngokucwila kwezinye izindawo kanye nemvelaphi yezintaba-mlilo kanye nokusebenza kwazo kwenziwa kamuva. Izwe lagcina licwile, lazimboza ulwandle.
Izingosi zezwe zivame ukunyakaziswa ukuzamazama komhlaba nokuqhunyiswa kwezintaba-mlilo, ezifana nalezo ezenzeka emakhulwini eminyaka adlule ezacekela phansi isiqhingi saseThera futhi zadala umgodi.
I-Aegean Sea Archipelago
Kukhona izinhlobonhlobo zeziqhingi kulolu lwandle, ezakhiwe:
- Iziqhingi ezitholakala eSaronic Gulf, okuthiwa yiSaronic. Bakhelene ne-Athens. Phakathi kweqembu leziqhingi lapha kukhona i-Aegina, eyake yaba imbangi ye-Athens. NoSalamina, ohlonishwa ngesiko lakhe njengezwe le-Ajax Elikhulu, iqhawe elalwa eMpini YeTrojan. Lezi ziqhingi ezimbili ezinkulu kunazo zonke.
- iziqhingi zama-cyclades. Yakhiwe iziqhingi ezingu-220. Igama layo lingenxa yesibalo sayo esiyindilinga esizungeza isiqhingi sase "Delos" esiseqenjini leziqhingi. Zonke iziqhingi ezikuleli qembu zibaluleke kakhulu emlandweni, ezinganekwaneni nakwezokuvakasha. Impucuko yeCycladic yaqala lapha eminyakeni eyi-3.000 kuya ku-1.000 BC.
- Isiqhingi sase-Euboea. Incazelo yegama lakhe ithi "izinkomo ezicebile". Yisiqhingi sesibili ngobukhulu eGreece. Ukuma kwayo kubude, mncane futhi kunezintaba eziningi.
- Iziqhingi ezisenyakatho, ezibizwa ngokuthi amaSporades. Phakathi kweziqhingi ezigqama kakhulu yilezi:
- I-Espiro, ingeyesifunda sase-Euboea, ezinye iziqhingi zingezesifunda saseMagnesia.
- I-Skiathos,
- I-Skópelos
- Alonisos.
- Iziqhingi ezisenyakatho, igama lazo yi-Aegean.
- I-Dodecanese Archipelago. IRhodes inhloko-dolobha yayo. Igama layo lisho iziqhingi eziyishumi nambili, kuneziqhingi eziningi ezakha leli qoqo leziqhingi. Eziyinhloko yilezi:
- Nisyros
- kasos
- UTilos
- I-Astypalea
- Rhodes
- I-Karpathos
- I-Symi
- IPhatmose
- kalymnos
- ICos
- ULeros
- Kastelorizo
- isiqhingi saseKrethe. Yisiqhingi esikhulu kunazo zonke olwandle futhi sanikeza isiko lamaMinoan elalibusa empumalanga yeMedithera ngeNkathi Yethusi. Inhloko-dolobha yiHeraklion. Ubufakazi bemivubukulo kusukela ku-Bronze Age buye batholakala kule ndawo.
- iziqhingi zama-cyclades. Iqembu leziqhingi ezingaphakathi kwaleli gama yilezo ezisondelene nogu lwase-Anatolia futhi ezingameli iqoqo leziqhingi ngazinye. Abizwa nangokuthi ama-Southern Sporades.
Izilwane nezimbali
Ulwandle alukhulu kakhulu, naphezu kokuthi lunezinhlobonhlobo eziningi "zezilwane nezitshalo". Phakathi kwezinhlobonhlobo ezingatholakala kukhona:
- Amahlengethwa
- I-sperm whales (Umzimba we-macrocephalus)
- Ama-monk seal asoLwandle iMedithera (monachus monachus)
- Imikhomo
- Ama-porpoise ajwayelekile (Phocoena phocoena)
Njengoba ezinye izilwane ezingenamgogodla zihlala, njengama-crustaceans, ama-decapod nama-molluscs. Kukhona ama-algae abaluleke kakhulu endaweni Izilwandle nezilwandle. Njengoba kuyindawo enamatshe, ingxenye ayifani neyasoLwandle lweCaribbean. Abantu abavakashele zombili izingosi futhi bathi awukho umehluko omkhulu. Ezweni elikhulu kunezihlahla zomnqumo eziningi.
Iziqhingi zase-Aegean Sea kuma-epics aseGreece Yasendulo
Emsebenzini we-Iliad, iziqhingi eziningana zalolu lwandle zibizwa ngamagama, ezazisohlangothini lwezempi, ezaziyizitha zikaTroy.
Izindawo Zokuzalwa Zonkulunkulu Bama-Olympian
Izinganekwane zamaGreki ziphawula iziqhingi zase-Aegean njengendawo lapho onkulunkulu bama-Olympian bazalelwa khona. Izinganekwane ezizungeza iziqhingi zaseGreece zibenza bafaneleke njengendawo yokuzalwa Konkulunkulu Bama-Olympic.
Uhambo lwe-Argonauts
Ohambweni olwenziwa ama-Argonauts befuna "uboya begolide", bawela i-Aegean kakhulu endleleni. Kulolu hambo, badlula esiqhingini saseLemnos, bamangala lapho bebona ukuthi kwakukhona abesifazane kuphela, babulala wonke amadoda. Ama-Argonauts anesikhathi kulesi siqhingi, ejoyina abesifazane besayithi futhi andisa inani labantu endaweni.
Indaba ithi ama-Argonauts adlula eziqhingini zaseSamothrace, lapho aqala khona imfihlakalo yawo, isicelo esenziwe ngu-Orpheus.