Imibuthano emsakazweni, izinkulungwane zama-tweets, okuthunyelwe kuyo yonke imidiya kanye nemibono eyahlukene mayelana ne-Trans Law eSpain, futhi kubonakala sengathi akukho okucacile okwamanje. Uma ngifunda noma ngilalela imibono eyahlukene noma ngibamba iqhaza engxoxweni ethile, ekugcineni ngibona ukuthi umbono wangempela ufiphele futhi yonke into igcina igcwele inhlamba eyinqaba. izigidi ("wena a terf”, ngokwesibonelo) bese siyayeka ukulalela lowo ophambi kwethu. Kukude kakhulu nobufazi kanye nobuhlanya osekunesikhathi eside sikulwela.
Kodwa iTrans Law ibhekani? Kungani kunezinkulumo-mpikiswano ezingaka? Kufanele kugxilwe kuphi? Ake senze isifinyezo esifushane futhi sibuyekeze imiqondo eyahlukene ukuze wonke umuntu, okungenani, aqonde enye yezindaba eziyimpikiswano enkulu enkundleni.
Izinjongo zeTrans Law
I-Trans Law ifuna (noma kufanele ifune) ukunikeza wonke amalungelo kubantu abashintshashintshayo, ikhuthaze ukulingana nokuqeda ukucwasa.
Okwamanje, kunohlaka kuphela, ngakho-ke alukamukelwa njengomthetho.
I-trans collective icela "i-depathologization of transsexuality" kanye "nokuzikhethela ngokobulili", futhi yilokhu abanikezwa nguMthetho.Pho, kungani umkhakha wobufazi unganeliseki ngokuphelele?
Engikuzwayo ezingxoxweni, konke kuvela kukho umqondo wobulili. Akekho umuntu wesifazane oke washo ngokusobala (futhi angilindele ukuthi bacabange kanjalo) ukuthi abantu abashintshashintshayo akufanele bavikelwe umthetho, akufanele babe namalungelo afanayo nabesifazane be-cis-gender, noma ukuthi akufanele babe ngabesifazane.
"Ubulili akubona ubunikazi, wukwakhiwa kwesiko okubeka izindima nezindima ezisekelwe ocansini," kusho u-Ángeles Álvarez, owayeyisekela le-PSOE (La Vanguardia, 2021). Ngamanye amazwi, ukukhuthaza ukuzikhomba ngokobulili ngumthetho qaphela ukuthi izinhlobo zikhona futhi kufanele zivikelwe umthetho. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, ingxenye yenhlangano yabesifazane ayihambisani nezinto zobuchwepheshe ezisetshenziswe kuhlaka lapho kusetshenziswa khona “ukuzikhomba ngobulili” esikhundleni sokuthi “ukuzichaza ngocansi”.
Umuntu owazalwa enocansi angazizwa ekhululekile noma ekhonjwa ngalo ungumuntu othanda ucansi. Ngokwesibonelo, owesifazane transsexual yilowo owazalwa nepipi futhi uzizwa njengomuntu wesifazane. Manje, ungakwazi noma awukwazi ukusebenzisa futhi ushintshe idivayisi yakho yesidlali uma uthanda.
Kodwa kuyini ukuba yi-transgender? Ingabe lo mqondo awusona isizathu noma umsuka wale mpikiswano? I-transgender isho ukungazizwa ukhululekile ngobulili obubekwe umphakathi. Ngabe umuntu wesifazane owazalwa enesitho sangasese, kodwa engavumelani nezindima abekwe zona (ukugqoka ngendlela engu-X, ukugcotshwa, ukugcotshwa, njll.) noma owesilisa ozalwe nepipi futhi akafuni ukubamba iqhaza ku-transgender ebekwe izindima zesilisa esizijwayele?
Ngencazelo, yebo. Babeyoba njalo. Futhi, ngokusobala, laba bantu kufanele futhi bavikelwe ngumthetho.
I-Transsexual kanye ne-dysphoria
Ngakho-ke, ngokulandela intambo, inkinga ivela emishwaneni ethi "Ngizizwa njengowesifazane" noma "Ngizizwa ngiyindoda". Owesifazane othanda ubulili, noma ngabe usenqume ukuhlinzwa noma cha, uzizwa engowesifazane. Uzizwa sengathi wazalelwa emzimbeni onganelisekile ngawo. Ubona sengathi ucansi owazalwa nalo akulona olwakho. Futhi yilokhu okwaziwa ngokuthi "i-dysphoria" noma "i-incongruence" [kwezinye izindawo kuhambisana “nobulili” kodwa akufanele yini kube “ngokobulili”?].
Ngo-2018, le-dysphoria yaxoshwa "njengesifo sezempilo yengqondo" yi-World Health Organization (WHO), kodwa yashiywa esigabeni "sokungasebenzi kahle kocansi"; ukuze liyeke ukubhekwa njengesifo sengqondo futhi libe ukugula ngokomzimba.
Kodwa-ke, ngohlaka lwe-Trans Law entsha, kuhloswe ngayo ukuqeda ngokuphelele i-dysphoria.
Nali elinye lamaphuzu amakhulu enkulumo-mpikiswano. Ingabe i-dysphoria isifo somzimba? Kungani besaba kangaka igama elithi “isifo”? Ingabe inkinga encazelweni yegama elithi "isifo"?
Akekho ofuna ukuzizwa egula. Akekho ofuna ukukhonjwa ngomunwe. Akekho ofuna ukubukwa ngozwelo. Kuyaqondakala ngokuphelele. Futhi uma iqiniso lokubiza leli qembu ngokuthi "eligulayo" libalimaza, futhi ukuqeda i-depatholog kuyabazuzisa, qhubeka.
Kodwa-ke, kugxekwe ukuthi ukuyisusa kulolu hlu lwezifo ezithinta ucansi kungaba nemiphumela engemihle ku-trans community uqobo. Uma kungabhekwa njengesifo, ingabe bangalahlekelwa amalungelo abo ezempilo uma kuziwa ekufuneni ama-hormone noma ukuhlinzwa? Lona ngumbuzo obuzwe yilabo besifazane abaphikisana naleli phuzu kuhlaka.
Transsexuality: isifo noma cha
Uma, ngempela, inkinga ilele olimini kanye nasolimini ukusetshenziswa kwegama elithi isifo, futhi iqiniso lokuyeka ukukubheka njengalokhu ngeke kube nemiphumela emibi kubo, ngeke kusaba khona ukukhuluma ngakho. Yeka ukubizwa ngesifo.
I-RAE (okungafanele iqanjwe njengokungathi inguNkulunkulu uMninimandla onke, kodwa ukuze ihlanganise incazelo) ichaza isifo ngokuthi Ukukhubazeka kwezempilo okungaphezulu noma okuncane kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, kungase kubhekwe njengesifo uma ukuzalwa nesitho socansi umuntu angasiboni kulimaza impilo yakhe nganoma iyiphi indlela.
UMichael First, udokotela wezifo zengqondo e-U. de Colombia (USA) uyakuqinisekisa lokho ukuxhumanisa abantu abaguquguqukayo nokuphazamiseka kwengqondo kulimaza ngokuphelele ngenxa yenhlamba enkulu ekhona ngalezi zifo, kodwa ukuthi "ayikwazanga ukususwa ngokuphelele ku-ICD 11, njengoba abantu be-transsexual badinga izinqubo zezokwelapha (...) Badinga nokuhlinzwa noma ukwelashwa, ngakho-ke, uma bengenalo ukuxilongwa, labo bantu bangashiywa ngaphandle kokufakwa. Umbuzo wangempela kwakungewona ukuthi ukungahambisani nobulili kungasuswa noma cha ku-ICD, kodwa lapho kungasuswa khona ", kuchaza uchwepheshe (La Tercera, 2018).
Ukuzikhethela ngaphandle kombiko wezokwelapha
Okunye okushayelwe ihlombe kakhulu futhi, ngesikhathi esifanayo, amaphuzu agxekwayo alolu hlaka ukuthi "ukuzikhethela ubulili ngaphandle kwesidingo sombiko wezokwelapha".
Abayigxekayo baveza ukuthi ngaphandle kwesidingo sochwepheshe abaqeqeshiwe ukuthi banqume ukuthi lo muntu une-transsexual noma cha, noma yimuphi umuntu angaya erejista ukuze Shintsha ubulili bakho kumazisi wakho.
Uma ucabanga ngendlela ebandayo, akufanele kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ithini noma ayifaki i-DNI. Akukho ukuhambisana okufanele kunikezwe ocansini nganoma yiluphi uhlobo lwenqubo ngoba okufunwayo kuwukulingana. Eqinisweni, bekungeke yini kulunge nakakhulu ukuthi ungahlali ubika ucansi kuwo wonke ama-bureaucracy?
Ngokusobala, kunezinjongo ezingokoqobo. E-Spain, okungenani, ukungalingani ngokobulili kuyaqhubeka nokuba khona, udlame lobulili luyaqhubeka nokuba khona ezingeni lomphakathi neliyimfihlo.
Ukwengeza, kunemisebenzi okufanele kwamukelwe ingcosana yabesifazane noma abesilisa ukuze kuhlangatshezwane namazinga okulingana.
Kulezi zimo, abagxeki balo mthetho bathi noma ngubani angaya erejista ukuze ashintshe ubulili bakhe ukuze ukusizakala ngezinzuzo zokuba ngolunye ubulili. Kunzima kimina ukucabanga ukuthi lokhu kungenzeka; kodwa, ngeshwa, ezweni le-picaresque konke kungenzeka.
Nokho, abavikeli bohlaka babhekisela enanini elincane lala macala okukhwabanisa azokwenziwa.
Ngokufanayo, lokhu kungagwenywa ngombiko wezokwelapha obonisa ukuthi lo muntu une-dysphoria (kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isifo noma cha). Okusiholela nakanjani ephuzwini eledlule.
Izingxoxo zeTrans Law
Njengoba sibona, kuyinkulumo-mpikiswano edidayo. Ngiyaphinda futhi ukuthi asikwazi ukulahlekelwa umgomo wokugcina futhi wangempela, okuwukufinyelela ukulingana kwangempela kuwo wonke umuntu, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ubulili buni, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yisiphi isimiso sokuzala owazalwa ngaso, ngaphandle kokubandlulula futhi kungekho muntu onqumela noma ubani ukuthi uzizwa kanjani, kodwa lapho thina bonke babheka lezi zindaba ngokujulile, ngaphandle kokwesaba ukungabaza, ukubuza, ukuxoxisana nokufunda.
➳ Nansi enye inkulumo-mpikiswano mayelana Nokuthengisa Ngomzimba
I-BIBLIOGRAPHY
U-FERNÁNDEZ CANDIAL, A. (Febhruwari 5, 2021) Umthetho Womthetho: ukuhlaziya okubili okungqubuzanayo. La Vanguardia. Itholwe ku-: https://www.lavanguardia.com/vida/20210307/6265037/ley-trans-dos-analisis-contrapuestos.html
SEPÚLVEDA, YÁÑEZ Y SILVA (Juni 18, 2018) Ubulili obuhlukile: ukusuka ekuphazamisekeni kwengqondo kuya ekuguleni kocansi, ngokusho kwe-WHO. Okwesithathu. Itholwe ku-: https://www.latercera.com/tendencias/noticia/transexualidad-trastorno-mental-enfermedad-sexual-segun-la-oms/211488/#:~:text=Ser%20transexual%20ya%20no%20es%20un%20trastorno%20de%20salud%20mental.&text=Con%20este%20cambio%2C%20pierde%20la,g%C3%A9nero%20que%20siente%20la%20persona.
ÁLVAREZ, P. (Febhruwari 7, 2021) 'I-trans law' evela ezinhlangothini ezihlukene. We bafowethu. Itholwe ku-: https://elpais.com/sociedad/2021-02-06/la-ley-trans-desde-angulos-opuestos.html