La i-araucana, iyindaba elandisa ngamasiko nokuhlangenwe nakho kwezihlahla zomuthi nezivamile ngezikhathi zempi, lapho abantu bakhona behlukaniswa ngokuba abantu abalwayo, abaqinile, abaqinile emsebenzini, nabanamandla okumelana nesimo sezulu esibi nezikhathi zendlala.
I-La Araucana: Okuqukethwe kwezomlando
yena u uhlobo lwemibhalo i-Araucana yinkondlo. I-La Araucana ingumsebenzi wokubhala owenzeka enkondlweni yaseHomeric yombhali wayo u-Alonso de Ercilla y Zúñiga, owayekhona ezenzakalweni, lapho elandisa khona izenzakalo zomlando eziholela ekunqotshweni kweChile, futhi lokho kwakhuthazwa nguPedro. de Valdivia, umnqobi wezempi nowaseSpain.
Ukumelana nama-Araucanian kwenziwa abantu baseMapuche, i-Indo-American ehlala eChile nase-Argentina, futhi beholwa iqhawe elincane okuthiwa uLautaro, (Leftraru), okwathi naphezu kwesixwayiso sikamkhulu wakhe wawela iGran Río, Bío Bío, ukuze anikeze ukwesekwa. ePicunche, igama elabelwe amaqembu angaphambi kweSpanishi ayekhuluma isiMapudungun, ayehlala phakathi kweBio-Bio Rivers endaweni ebizwa ngeCentral Zone yeSigodi saseMapocho.
Ngokusho kwezindaba zombhali ngokwakhe, owayekhona futhi ehlanganyela ezenzweni zomzabalazo, futhi ephethe ukubhalwa kwezandla zakhe, inkondlo yabhalwa ngenkathi eseChile, esebenzisa ukwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuthi eziqoshiwe kwezinye izingcezwana eceleni amagxolo esihlahla neminye imikhiqizo emangelengele.
U-Alonso de Ercilla y Zúñiga wayehlanganyela nenkantolo kaFelipe II, owake wasebenza njengekhasi, ngaphambi kokubusa kobukhosi, ngaphezu kokuba nokuqeqeshwa nemfundo ekwazisayo, eyayingaphezu kwabanqobi abaningi. Sincoma ukuthi ufunde Umfundi waseSalamanca
Kamuva, u-Ercila ubuyela kwelakubo eSpain. Umsebenzi wanyatheliswa eMadrid, ngemiqulu emithathu, eyasetshenziswa amashumi amabili eminyaka. Okungukuthi, umqulu wokuqala wahlelwa ngonyaka ka-1569, umqulu wesibili wahlelwa ngonyaka ka-1578, nomqulu wesithathu wahlelwa ngo-1589.
Nakuba ukubaluleka kwezehlakalo lapho kubhekwana nobuningi bezindaba ezixoxwayo eziqukethwe kulo msebenzi kunomlingiswa ofanayo, kufanekiselwa njengenye yezindaba ezichaza ngokucacile ezikhuluma ngokuNqotshwa, okwakwaziwa ngesikhathi sakhona njengomlando othembekile we imicimbi eChile.
I-La Araucana yakhiwa iqoqo lemibhalo yeSipanishi eyayichaza kabanzi iZwe Elisha ngolwazi lwayo kubalandeli abahlukene bokufunda kwaseYurophu, equkethwe kuyi- Los Naufragios de Cabeza de Vaca, eyayilandisa ngemisebenzi yezincwadi zabo eNyakatho Melika; kanye Nomlando Oyiqiniso Wokunqotshwa KweSpain Entsha kaBernal Díaz del Castillo, umnqobi waseSpain, owasakaza ukuwa okumangalisayo koMbuso Wama-Aztec.
Nokho, i-Araucana, yagqama phakathi kwale mibhalo efaneleka njengomsebenzi wokuqala wezincwadi zokukhulekela, ezinikezwa ngokuqukethwe kwayo ngezithakazelo zobuciko ezicacile.
Ngemva kokuvela komsebenzi i-La Araucana, kwavela eminye imisebenzi eminingi ekhuluma ngezici zaseMelika ngenhloso yokuphinda isitayela sawo sakwaHomeric, njenge: La Argentina, Arauco domado, kanye nePurén indómito, phakathi kwezinye. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kanye nokuvela kabusha kwale mibhalo, ukuhlukaniswa phakathi kwenganekwane nokulandisa kwezenzakalo zomlando kwanda.
[su_note]Imibhalo ehlukene, incamela ukuthutha izihloko ezihlobene ne-European Renaissance ziyise ezindaweni eziwubukhazikhazi baseMelika. Ngakho-ke, zikhuthazwa yilokhu, inani elikhulu lezinkondlo libhekisela ezimemezelweni zemvelo yokuziphatha, uthando ebukhazikhazini balo bothando, noma izingqikithi zesiLatini kuphela, kunokuba zibhekisele ku-The Conquest.[/su_note]
Ukuxabana
El Ukuphikisana kwe-AraucanianIvezwe enkondlweni, iqala ngencazelo yabantu bayo kanye namasiko namasiko ahlukene aseChile, njengoba nje ichaza ukufika kwabaseSpain, iyaqhubeka nengoma eyodwa emnandi kakhulu: iseluleko se-caciques ukukhetha ukapteni. Ngamanye amazwi, ingxabano yama-Araucanian ifinyezwa esigabeni sokuqala esenzeka ngesikhathi sokunqotshwa kweChile. Ikakhulukazi, iphathelene nokungqubuzana kwezikhali okwenzeka e-Arauco phakathi kwabanqobi base-Spanish namaMapuches bomdabu noma ama-Araucanians.
Engxenyeni yokuqala, kuxoxwa lapho uValdivia ehlasela iTucapel, okuyidolobhana nedolobha laseChile, futhi ngenxa yalokho ilahlekelwa kakhulu. Ukuziphindiselela kwabaseSpain, nokufika ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, izingxabano phakathi kwama-Araucanians namaSpanishi, kanye nemikhosi yokubusa kwabo.
Engxenyeni yesibili ye ingxabano ye-araucana, iqala ngokufika kweMarquis de Cañete don García Hurtado de Mendoza eya ePeru. Futhi kule ngxenye yomsebenzi, i-Araucanian, idinga ukusekelwa kweSpanishi; U-Villagrán ukhwele wadilika kuLautaro, okumholele ekutheni alahlekelwe kakhulu. Ukuhlasela kwe-Araucanian okusha kuyavela futhi umcimbi wase-San Quintín uqala, ngenye indlela ukulandisa okwenzekayo kulezi zinsuku, namaSpanishi eYurophu. Ukuhlasela kwama-Araucanians nokuhlehla ngomasipala waseTucapel.
UCaupolicán, umthinta wamaMapuche owahola ukuphikiswa kwabantu bakhe ngokumelene nabanqobi baseSpain, uyazi kakhulu abantu bakhe, kanye noTegualda omuhle, indodakazi yenkosi uBrancol, ovela embongini ngendlela ephazamisayo, futhi uthola. umyeni wakhe phakathi kwabangasekho.
AbaseSpain banqamule izandla ze-Indian Galvarino, eyenza izinkulumo ezihlukahlukene emhlanganweni ukuze ikhuthaze amaNdiya ukuba aziphindiselele. Kukhona nenselelo yaseCaupolicán ebheke eSpanishi, ukulwa kwenzeka lapho ama-Araucanians engaphumeleli. Kuphinde kubhekwe kule ngxenye, ukufiphala nokufa kweGalvarino, umcimbi osensimini naphambi komlingo uFitón.
Engxenyeni yesithathu yomsebenzi, imbongi ithatha amadolobha amaningi eSpain, e-Afrika, e-Asia naseMelika, ukuhlangana noGlaura omuhle, otshela u-Ercilia ngezinhlekelele zakhe, izimpi ezintsha zenzeka kanye nobunzima bamaNdiya.
Ukubamba iqhaza kuka-Andresillo, okwelulekwa nguCaupolicán, kubuyela empini futhi ngenxa yalokho bayanqotshwa. Umcimbi wendaba kaDido. Ukuba khona, ijele, isijeziso nokufa kukaCaupolicán, umNdiya onesibindi, owabhapathizwa ngaphambi kokufa kwakhe. AbaseSpain abanobunzima obukhulu babuyela ePeru.
[su_note]Kulo msebenzi i-La Araucana, kusobala ngokusobala ukuthi umxoxi ubamba iqhaza esakhiweni, isici esasingajwayelekile ezincwadini zamasiko zaseSpain. Umsebenzi oqukethe izehlakalo zomlando, njengokuboshwa nokubulawa kuka-Pedro de Valdivia, njengoba kuchazwe ezigabeni ezedlule, ukufa kwe-caciques i-Caupolicán ne-Lautaro.[/su_note]
Ngokunjalo isizinda senkondlo siyayivumela ukuthi ifane, futhi ezikhathini eziningi umbhali uzizwa ehlukumezekile ngalesi sigameko. Lesi yisizathu esenza ukuba kwenezelwe amaqiniso amangalisayo enkondlweni, njengombhuli uFitón, ofundisa u-Ercilla ngebhola lekristalu, elimelela emhlabeni isenzakalo esizayo esizokwenzeka eYurophu naseMpumalanga Ephakathi, esibizwa ngokuthi impi. we Lepanto.
Ngemva kokubuyela kuka-Ercilla eSpain, le ncwadi yanyatheliswa ngo Madrid ezingxenyeni ezintathu eminyakeni engamashumi amabili. Umqulu wokuqala wanyatheliswa ngo-1569; okwesibili, ngo-1578; kanti eyesithathu, ngo-1589. Khona-ke, le ncwadi yazuza impumelelo enkulu phakathi kwabafundi.
Nakuba umlando wezindaba eziningi ezivela kulo msebenzi uhlobene, ubhekwa njengenye yemibhalo yobufakazi emikhulu kakhulu ukunqoba, futhi ngesikhathi salo ngokuvamile lalifundwa njengomlando wangempela wezenzakalo zaseChile.
Isihloko esinconyiwe mayelana nezinkondlo singatholakala ngokuchofoza Izinkondlo zeProse
Umongo womlando
Manje, kubalulekile ukuba kucace Umsebenzi othi La Araucana uvela kumuphi umongo womlando?. Njengoba sesishilo, ngosiba lombhali wayo, owayengufakazi okhuthele futhi obhekene ubuso nobuso walezi zenzakalo, umsebenzi wakhiqizwa ngesikhathi ehlala eChile. Ukuze abhale lezi zenzakalo, u-Ercilla wasebenzisa amagxolo ezihlahla nezinye izinto ezisetshenziswayo. Ngokufanayo, wayeqeqeshwe kakhulu kwezemfundo kunabanye ontanga abanqobayo.
Wayeyingxenye yomkhankaso wokuqinisa owawuholwa umbusi omusha u-García Hurtado de Mendoza.
Ukusetshenziswa kolimi lwesitayela
Imbongi yase-Italy, eyaziwa ngokuthi uLudovico Ariosto, nomsebenzi wayo wokubhala u-Orlando Furioso, inethonya elikhulu ebukhoneni bokulandisa e-Araucana. Njengoba kuphawuliwe, kulo msebenzi othakazelisayo, umxoxi uneqhaza elibonakalayo esakhiweni. Isihloko semethrikhi yomsebenzi yisitanza esibizwa ngokuthi sesishiyagalombili sangempela, esihambisana namavesi ayisishiyagalombili e-hendecasyllabic nohlelo lwemethrikhi yeSpanishi, olwaziwa ngokuthi: ABABABCC, futhi luboniswa kulokhu okulandelayo:
Caciques, abavikeli boMbuso, (A)
ukuhaha ukuyala
akulungile kimi (B)
naphezu kokukubona abazenzisi (A)
ngento eyayingifanele kakhulu; (B)
ngoba, ngokweminyaka yami, niyabona, madoda, (A)
ukuthi ngikwelinye izwe lokusuka; (B)
uthando olukhulu kunanini ngaphambili, ngikubonisile, (C)
Ungenze ngakweluleka kahle. (C)
Isi-Araucanian.
Umsebenzi wokubhala uyingxenye yohlu oluncane lwenkondlo ye-Homeric yehlelo, isici esivamile ekuqaleni kwezikhathi zangaleso sikhathi. Ikakhulukazi, umsebenzi i-La Araucana inikelwe yilokho okuye kwaqanjwa kuyiCanon of Ferrara, ebhekisela ezinkondlweni ezimbili ezifundile zaseHomeric, ezihlanganiswe e-Italy, okungukuthi:
[your_list icon=”icon: check” icon_color="#231bec”]
- Orlando Innamorato, nguMatteo Maria Boiardo. Unyaka we-1486
- Orlando Furioso, by Ludovico Ariosto. Unyaka we-1516. [/su_list]
Ukuhlangana okukhona phakathi kwezinkondlo zesitayela sikaFerrarense kanye nomsebenzi ka-Ercilla, akupheli ngokusetshenziswa kwesitayela esifanayo senkondlo, njengendikimba yama-epic kanye ne-chivalrous, kukhona nokunye ukuhlangana, njengokuthi i-octave njengemitha yenkondlo.
Ukuthola mayelana namathonya angenele emsebenzini we-La Araucana, sengeza ukuthi ngokuqondene nama-Orlandos amabili, babehlanganyela emsebenzini weDante's Divine Comedy, ukuthi ngonyaka we-1321, owadala ukukhulekelwa kwezinkondlo zikaHomeric, yakhiwe ngendikimba yenkolo.
Sinakho ukuthi umsebenzi i-La Araucana uqukethwe ekuvuselelweni kwezinkondlo zaseSpain ngezitayela zesiNtaliyane, ezizalwa ngenxa yokuphazanyiswa okunamandla kwezombusazwe nezempi zaseSpanishi, okwenziwa ngaleso sikhathi enhlonhlweni yase-Italy. Ngakho-ke, u-Ercilla wayethuthele e-Italy ukuze abe yikhasi leNkosi yesikhathi esizayo uFelipe II, okwamvumela ukuba ajwayele izinkondlo zeCanon of Ferrara, kanye nabanye abalobi be-Renaissance yase-Italy.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, inkondlo kaHomeric yakhuliswa, ibhekwa njengemfashini ngaleso sikhathi. Ngaphambi kokushicilelwa kweLa Araucana, abanye abalingisi bezimbongi zaseFerrara baboniswa yonke indawo. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, indoda engumPutukezi eyaziwa ngokuthi uLuís de Camões, yanyathelisa incwadi yayo enesihloko esithi Los Iusiadas ngonyaka ka-1572. Khona-ke, eminyakeni eyalandela, uTorquato Tasso waqhubeka nomsebenzi wakhe othi Jerusalem free kusukela ngonyaka ka-1575, kuhlanganise noJaime IV, inkosi yaseScotland, yashukumiseleka ukuba ibambe umsebenzi iLepanto ngonyaka ka-1591.
Kodwa-ke, kuhle ukuqaphela ukuthi umsuka wezinkondlo ezidumile uvela ezikhathini zasendulo, lapho umkhuba we-Italian Renaissance wawunobukhazikhazi bokukhipha umsindo ngaleso sikhathi. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, i-La Araucana izinikele ezinkondlweni zaseGreco-Roman Homeric.
Ngokufanayo, kwenziwa kwaziwa ukuthi i-Araucana iqukethe isici senkondlo ekhazimulayo ehlobene nezenzakalo ezintsha. Isizathu sokuthi kungani umkhuba wencwadi yamaRoma edumile, okungukuthi: iFarsalia kaLucanus, owalandisa ngezenzakalo zempi yombango, phakathi kukaJulius Caesar no-Sextus Pompey, enesifiso esibi sokudala umlando onokwethenjelwa.
Inhloso kanye nemibono
Umsebenzi La Araucana, utholakala ngaphakathi komongo wokubuyiswa kwenani elihlakazwe amasosha aseSpain empini eqhelile futhi ekhohliwe. Phakathi kwamasosha empi alahliwe, kwakungu-Ercilla ngokwakhe, yingakho ehlengwa ngokulinganayo ekuziphatheni kwakhe siqu.
[su_note]Khona-ke kungafakazelwa njengenhloso eyinhloko eshiwo necashuniwe. Kodwa, ngokuvamile, kuhloswe ukukhombisa kokuqukethwe komsebenzi ukuthi isisusa sawo esifihliwe siwukugunyazwa kophawu lwamaNdiya, naphezu kokuthi lokhu kulinganisa kwabomdabu kungabuye kucaciswe njengesiphakamiso sokuziqhenya. ngowaseSpain ophethe.[/su_note]
Ukwamukela umsebenzi
I-La Araucana, ingenye yezincwadi zemibhalo, ukuthi inkohliso engxenyeni kaMiguel de Cervantes, ivikelwe esenzweni sokushisa izincwadi ze-chivalry, okufakazelwa esahlukweni IV sikaDon Quixote de La Mancha. Umsebenzi osikhathazayo, uyangenelela kuleli sigaba semisebenzi, enesitayela sangamabomu mayelana nemibhalo, ngaphezu kokufaka izenzakalo ezithile ezimangalisayo.
Isazi sefilosofi esingumFulentshi nomlobi uFrançois-Marie Arouet, owaziwa kangcono ngokuthi uVoltaire, owanikezela ingxenye enhle yendatshana emsebenzini iLa Araucana, owacabanga ukuthi le nkondlo yakwazi ukuba phezulu iphakanyiswe esimemezelweni senkosi uColo Colo ka-el. I-Canto II, evamise ukuba ngaphezu komcimbi ofanayo odlala u-Nestor ku-Iliad.
Naphezu kwalokho, futhi ngendlela enhle, uVoltaire wanikeza umbono wakhe wokuthi u-Ercilla wahlushwa ukulinganisela ezincwadini, okwamholela ekubeni adideke emavesini ayisicefe kakhulu.
Ukushicilelwa komsebenzi i-La Araucana, kwaholela kumuntu owabamba i-Viceroy yasePeru, u-García Hurtado de Mendoza owaziwayo, wazizwa encipha ekulandiseni, lapho abuza imbongi yaseChile okuthiwa uPedro de Oña kwenye inkondlo yaseHomeric, enesihloko esithi Arauco Tamed ngonyaka we-1596.
Inkondlo yesibili ikalwe njengengaphansi kwenkondlo ka-Ercilla, kwaba incwadi yokuqala yezinkondlo eyanyatheliswa umlobi waseChile. Esizweni sase-Chile, i-La Araucana ngokuvamile ibhekwa njengomsebenzi ongalungile, njengoba kuyinkondlo yokugcina yeqhawe elandisa ngokuvela kwezwe, ngenxa yohlobo lwezinkondlo zakudala ezifana ne-Aeneid, noma izingoma zenkathi ephakathi.
Nokho, izinkondlo zikaHomeric ezinomuzwa wesizwe zaqoshwa phakathi kwekhulu le-1602 nele-1835, njengalezi: La Argentina y conquista del Río de la Plata kaMartín del Barco Cetenera, ezanyatheliswa ngo-1848; kanye nezinkondlo zomdabu zaseFinnish ezikhazimulayo uKalevala, ezanyatheliswa ngo-XNUMX, ngokuhlanganiswa kwe-folkloric ka-Elías Lönnrot, udokotela waseFinland kanye nesazi sefilosofi, kanye ne-Ensign Stål Stories, inkondlo eyingqophamlando eyabhalwa ngo-XNUMX, umbhali waseSweden uJohan. ULudvig Runeberg, imbongi yaseFinland evela eFinland.
[su_note]Kuhle ukuqaphela ukuthi inkondlo ye-Homeric ethi La Araucana, ekazwelonke futhi emele i-Chile, iyisibopho kubafundi bemfundo eyisisekelo ukuze bazi okuqukethwe kwayo.[/su_note]
[su_note] Umqambi nomculi waseChile, uGustavo Becerra-Schmidt owaziwa kakhulu, engomunye wabavelele kakhulu esizweni sakhe, ngo-1965, wakwazi ukuhlela i-oratorio esekelwe ku-La Araucana, ayibhapathiza ngegama elifanayo. Ngesici sokwethula izinsimbi zomculo ezijwayelekile kubantu bakwaMapuche, ezifakwe ku-orchestra ye-symphony.[/su_note]
Ngokufanayo, uchwepheshe wezincwadi owaziwa ngokuthi u-Álvaro bisama, uthi encwadini yakhe enesihloko esithi One Hundred Chilean Books, ukuthi umsebenzi La Araucana, uyisiqalo sezincwadi zaseChile, ezibhekwa njengencwadi yamanga, nokho, ayikwazi ukwenqatshwa, ikakhulukazi ngokusekelwe esimisweni esakhethwa nguCervantes.
isakhiwo senkondlo
Lo msebenzi okhangayo i-La Araucana, wakhiwe izingoma ezingama-37 ezinezigaba, ezinemethrikhi ye-octave yangempela, futhi eNgomeni ngayinye kushiwo isihloko esikhethekile, bese kuba isifinyezo se-Araucanian:
Ingxenye yokuqala
Kule ngxenye yokuqala sizobe sikhuluma kafushane ukusuka kuCanto I kuya kuCanto XV.
I-Canto I: Ikhuluma ngabantu kanye nencazelo yesifundazwe saseChile, futhi ikakhulukazi ngesifunda sase-Arauco, amasiko aso, nemikhuba yempi, yenza kwaziwe ukungena kokunqotshwa amaSpanish kuze kube yilapho u-Arauco ehlubuka.
I-Canto II: Ibhekene nengxabano phakathi kwe-caciques yase-Arauco yokukhetha ukukhetha ukapteni-jikelele, nalokho okwenziwa nge-cacique Colocolo, ngemali engenayo eyabulawa ama-barbarians ngamanga enqabeni yaseTucapel, kanye nezimpi ababenazo. iSpanishi.
UCanto III: UValdivia, ekanye nabaseSpain abambalwa namaNdiya ambalwa anobungane, uya endlini eseTucapel ukuze alungise. Ama-Araucanians abulala laba bantu baseSpain endleleni enephaseji elincane, beqeda ukulwa, lapho yena nabo bonke ayehamba nabo bashonela khona, ngenxa yokusekelwa nomzamo kaLautaro.
I-Canto IV: AbaseSpain abayishumi nane bafika ukuzohlangana noValdivia ngokumelene neTucapel, bahlangana namaNdiya endaweni ecashile, uLautaro ufika ngokuqiniswa; abantu baseSpain abayisikhombisa nabangane babo bayafa, abanye babaleka.
I-Canto V: Impi phakathi kwabaseSpain nama-Araucanians yenzeka emthambekeni we-Andalicán, ngenxa ye-vivacity of Lautaro abaseSpain bahlulwa futhi babulawa, kanye nenkampani yamaNdiya ayizinkulungwane ezintathu ngokubambisana.
I-Canto VI: Impi iyaqhubeka, ukufa okungavamile kwenzeka ukuthi ama-Araucanians anqoba izitha zawo, ayenesihe esincane ngezingane nabesifazane, ababulala ngocelemba.
I-Canto VII: AbaseSpain bafika edolobheni laseConcepción bekhungathekile, balandisa ngokulahlekelwa abangane babo, futhi njengoba babengenawo amandla amaningi okuvikela leli dolobha, iningi labo kwakungabesifazane, izingane kanye nabantu abadala, basuka baya ngasedolobheni. idolobha laseSantiago. Ikhuluma ngokuphangwa, ukushiswa nokucekelwa phansi kwedolobha laseConcepción.
I-Canto VIII: Ama-Cacique kanye namakhosi abalulekile omkhandlu jikelele ajoyina e-Arauco Valley. Babulala iTucapel, kanye nePuchecalco cacique, kuyilapho uCaupolicán efika nebutho eliqinile edolobheni lasebukhosini, elasungulwa esigodini saseCautén.
I-Canto IX: Ama-Araucanians afika edolobheni elikhulu nebutho elinamandla. Bazungeza indawo yabo, ngenxa yezindaba ezitholiwe zokuthi abaseSpain basePenco bakha kabusha idolobha laseConcepción, baya kwabaseSpain, kuqubuka impi enkulu.
U-Canto X: Ajabule ama-Araucanians ngokunqoba, agunyaza umgubho omkhulu, abantu abaningi baba khona, njengabafokazi kanye nabomdabu, kwavela umehluko omkhulu.
I-Canto XI: Umgubho kanye nokwehluka kuphelile, kanti ngenkathi uLautaro ehamba ebheke edolobheni laseSantiago, udala ukuqhuma okuqinile, abaseSpain bafika kuye, banempi eqinile.
UCanto XII: Ukhiyelwe uLautaro enqabeni yakhe, akafuni ukuqhubeka nokunqoba. UMarcos Veas uxoxa naye, ngakho uPedro Villagrán uyayiqonda ingozi yalolu daba, uphakamisa inkundla yakhe yempi futhi ayishiye indawo. I-Marquis yaseCañete ifika edolobheni laseLos Reyes ePeru.
I-Canto XIII: I-Marquis yaseCañete ijeziswa ePeru. Amadoda afika evela eChile ezocela usizo. Okufanayo kwembulwa njengoba uFrancisco de Villagrán, eqondiswa umNdiya, ehamba nguLautaro.
I-Canto XIV: UFrancisco de Villagrán, ufika buthule ebusuku. Ngesikhathi sokuntwela kokusa uLautaro uyabulawa. Impi eqinile iyaqala.
I-Canto XV: Impi iphela, wonke ama-Araucanians abulawa. Baphinde baxoxe ngezikebhe ezisuka ePeru ziya eChile.
Ingxenye yesibili
Kule ngxenye kuzoba nesifinyezo se-Cantos kusukela ku-XVI kuya ku-Canto XXIX.
I-Canto XVI: AbaseSpain bangena ethekwini laseConcepción nasesiqhingini saseTalcaguano; umkhandlu jikelele wamaNdiya eSigodini sase-Ongolmo. Umehluko phakathi kwePeteguelen neTucapel.
I-Canto XVII: AbaseSpain basuka esiqhingini, bakhe inqaba entabeni yasePenco, ama-Araucanians afika ezowahlasela.
I-Canto XVIII: UDon Felipe uhlasela iSan Quintín.
UCanto XIX: Balandisa ngokuhlaselwa kwama-Araucanians kumaSpanishi eFort Penco. Ukuhlasela kukaGracolano odongeni. Umncintiswano phakathi kwamatilosi namasosha.
I-Canto XX: Ukuhlehla kwama-Araucanians, nokulahlekelwa abangane abaningi. UTucapel, elimele kakhulu, uyabaleka. U-Tegualda ulandisa u-don Alonso de Ercilla, inqubo eyinqaba nedabukisayo yomlando wakhe.
I-Canto XXI: UTegualda, uthola isidumbu somyeni wakhe, futhi ngokuhlupheka nezinyembezi umyisa edolobheni lakubo, ukuze amngcwabe.
I-Canto XXII: AbaseSpain bangena esifundeni sase-Arauco, umncintiswano onamandla uyenzeka.
I-Canto XXIII: I-Galbarino, ifinyelela eSenate yase-Araucanian. Lungiselela inkulumo abaningi abaguqule ngayo izingqondo zabo. Ichaza umhume lapho iPhyton yayikhona kanye nengqikithi yayo.
I-Canto XXIV: Ikhuluma ngempi yasolwandle enamandla.
I-Canto XXV: AbaseSpain bahlala eMillarapué, iNdiya elithunywe uCaupolicán lifika lizobabekela inselelo, kuqala impi enamandla.
I-Canto XXVI: Ikhuluma ngokuphela kwengxabano, nokuhoxiswa kwama-Araucanians, ukufa kukaGalbarino. Okufanayo kulandiswa ngengadi nokuhlala komthakathi uFitón.
I-Canto XXVII: Kuchazwa izifundazwe eziningi, izintaba, amadolobha abalulekile nezimpi.
I-Canto XXVIII: Izigigaba zika-Glaura ziyalandisa. Ukuhlasela kweSpain i-Quebrada de Purén, impi eqinile iyenzeka.
I-Canto XXIX: Ama-Araucanians angena emkhandlwini omusha, ahlose ukushisa ama-haciendas awo.
Ingxenye yesithathu
I-Cantos esuka ku-XXX ukuya ku-Canto XXXVII ishiwo kafushane.
I-Canto XXX: Ukuphela kwempi phakathi kwe-Tucapel ne-Rengo.
UCanto XXXI: U-Andresillo, utshela uReinoso, ngalokho uPran akuvumile.
I-Canto XXXII: Ama-Araucanians ahlasela inqaba futhi acekelwa phansi yiSpanishi.
I-Canto XXXIII: U-Don Alonso, uqhubeka nohambo ngomkhumbi aze afike e-Biserta.
UCanto XXXIV: UReinoso noCaupolicán, bakhuluma ukuthi uyavuma ukuthi bazokufa, bafuna ukuba ngumKristu. ICaupolican iyafa
I-Canto XXXV: AbaseSpain bayangena, befuna indawo entsha.
I-Canto XXXVI: I-cacique ishiya isikebhe sayo emhlabeni, inikeza abaseSpain lokho okudingekayo ukuze bathathe uhambo lwabo.
I-Canto XXXVII: Ku-canto yokugcina, impi ichazwa njengelungelo labantu, futhi kuthiwa iNkosi uDon Felipe yalondoloza ubukhosi basePortugal, kanye nezicelo ezenziwa amaPutukezi zokuphikisa izikhali zabo. wake wachazwa isifinyezo sencwadi i-Araucana Sizobhekana nalezo ezihlobene nokuqhubeka.
ukuqhubeka
Njengoba kuye kwavezwa u-Arauco othanjiswe nguPedro de Oña, owakhiqiza owakhe ukukhiqiza; I-Purén engenakunqotshwa ka-lieutenant Diego Arias de Saavedra, kufanelekile ukubalula u-Diego de Santisteban, owahlela ingxenye yesine neyesihlanu ye-La Araucana, cishe ngo-1597, kanye no-Hernando noma u-Fernando Álvarez de Toledo, umbhali wase-Araucana, omunye umsebenzi ofundile. ubhala ngo-eighths wangempela, oye watholakala kubafundi, izingcezu ezishiwo isazi-mlando u-Alonso Ovalle.