Njengoba sesivele sinesinye samasiko amadala kakhulu emhlabeni, kusinikeza ithuba lokuba nentshisekelo ekudleni kwayo ngalesi sihloko esithokozisayo uzokwazi ukwazi kangcono kakhulu yonke into mayelana nokudla nokudla. I-gastronomy yaseNdiya nokunye okuningi. Ungayeki ukuyifunda!
I-Indian Gastronomy: izitsha eziyi-14 ezijwayelekile okufanele uzame
I-cuisine yezwe iyindlela ephelele, hhayi nje ukujabulela ukudla okuhle, kodwa futhi nokuqonda isiko nemikhuba yendawo lapho uhamba khona.
Into ethokozisayo ngalomhlaba wama-flavour okuyi-Indian gastronomy ukuthi uzokwazi ukuthi lapha uzokwazi ukwazi ukudla okuyi-14 okuzokunikeza isisekelo sokwazi ukuthi iyini ngempela iminambithi yokudla kwamaNdiya.
Injani i-cuisine ku-Hindu gastronomy?
Kulesi sihloko sifuna ukuthi wazi ukuthi kunjani ukudla kwaseNdiya nokuthi yiziphi izinhlobo zokudla ozozama ngazo kuleli zwe. Kulesi sifunda, into yokuqala ebamba iso lakho ukunambitheka kwezingubo zokugqoka nokugqoka ezingenakubalwa, ngaso sonke isikhathi kulinganisa kahle ukunikeza lokho kuthinta okumnandi kwe-flavour ezitsheni.
Ezinhlotsheni ezihlukahlukene zokunambitheka okusetshenziselwa ukudla kwaseNdiya, esingakuqaphela ukusetshenziswa kwalezi zinongo: upelepele we-cayenne, ama-clove, ujinja, i-cardamom, noma isafroni. Njengomphumela walezi zingxube zezinongo zangaphambilini nezinye ezengeziwe, ungathola i-Garam masala noma i-Curry eyaziwayo, okungukuthi, ekugcineni, enye yezinhlanganisela eziphelele zama-flavour amaningana.
Ekhishini laseNdiya singathola izinhlobonhlobo ezinkulu zesitshulu esinama-legumes, irayisi nemifino nayo isetshenziswa, enongwe nge-Curry noma i-masala, lokhu kungenye yezinambitheka ezibaluleke kakhulu, kuhambisana ne-Chai Tea, esinye seziphuzo. ukusetshenziswa okukhulu kuleli zwe.
Abaqalayo noma ukudla okulula esetshenziswa e-Indian cuisine
Samosa
Ama-Samosa ayikhekhe elivamile le-Hindu cuisine, kodwa futhi avela kwamanye amazwe angomakhelwane njengePakistan noma i-Tibet. Kuyisidlo esivame ukutholakala ezindaweni zokudlela zamaNdiya noma ama-kebabs eYurophu.
Ngaphakathi kwesamosa kunesitsha samazambane esihambisana nemifino. Ukuthungwa kwenhlama yangaphandle ku-crispy kakhulu futhi kuphakelwa okuthosiwe. Njengezitsha eziningi zezwe, uwukudla kwemifino.
masala dosa
I-Masala dosa uhlobo lwe-pancake noma i-pancake egoqwe namazambane, u-anyanisi, ukhari, i-turmeric, i-coriander, irayisi, nama-lentils. Kuyisidlo esinamandla, njengoba lezi zithako nokunye kufihliwe kule pancake, ehambisana ne-coconut chutney.
Lesi sidlo siwukudla kwemifino futhi sinephuzu elibabayo. Ivamise ukuphakelwa ngamasayizi amabili ahlukene futhi intengo ivamise ukuba ngu-€0,50. Kuwukudla okudliwa ngezandla futhi kungatholakala ezindaweni zokudayisa ezitaladini nasezindaweni zokudlela.
chole bhature
Uma useDelhi, inhloko-dolobha yaseNdiya, awukwazi ukuphuthelwa yi-chole batura. Kuyisinkwa esithosiwe esidliwa nechole, inhlama yechickpea ebabayo nezinongo. Le nhlanganisela iklanyelwe ukuze ukwazi ukucwilisa isinkwa ku-chole futhi ujabulele umehluko omnandi phakathi kwe-flavour ethambile yesinkwa kanye ne-spiciness ye-sauce.
Lesi sidlo sinomsuka waso e-Punjab futhi ngokuvamile sidliwa ekudleni okusheshayo noma ngesidlo sasekuseni. Uma udla ukudla kwasekuseni, uzothola ukuthi ngokuvamile uhambisana ne-lassi, isiphuzo esenziwe ngokhukhunathi, amanzi, izinongo, iyogathi, futhi ngezinye izikhathi izithelo.
Bhelpuri
Lesi sidlo senziwa ngama-noodle kafulawa we-chickpea, irayisi elikhukhumele kanye ne-tamarind sauce. Ngezinye izikhathi isetshenziswa njengekhoni nge-spoon futhi ingathathwa ngenkathi ivakashela idolobha. Kuyinto evamile ukuyibona eMumbai, ikakhulukazi endaweni yolwandle, lapho abantu beza khona bezothola lesi sidlo esimnandi, esivamile sokudla kwamaNdiya.
kati roll
Uma ufuna ukuzama i-kebab eyiqiniso, uzothanda ama-kati rolls: inhlama yesinkwa se-paratha esongwe newundlu nemifino ngaphakathi. Kuvamile futhi ukuthola ama-kati rolls anenyama yenkukhu.
Idliwa nososo oqabulayo, umcako noma ulamula, noma i-chaat masala, ingxube yezinongo equkethe impushana kamango. Intengo yomqulu wekati iyahluka ukusuka ku-€0,40 iye ku-€1,80
Daulat ki chaat
I-Daulat ki chaat iwuhlobo lwe-soufflé, njengoba umgxeki wokudla waseNdiya u-Pushpesh Pant ekubiza, eyenziwe ngobisi, ukhilimu, ushukela, ama-pistachio nezinongo ezifana nesafroni.
Kuvame kakhulu edolobheni laseDelhi, ikakhulukazi lapho amazinga okushisa emnandi, njengoba ukushisa kuyawehlula. Intengo yayo ishibhile kakhulu: ingxenye ibiza cishe u-€0,15.
Izitsha ezijwayelekile zokudla kwamaNdiya
Okulandelayo, sizochaza ezinye zezidlo ezijwayelekile ezibaluleke kakhulu ngaphakathi kwesidlo samaHindu:
I-Aloo Dum nguKashmiri
I-Kashmiri Aloo Dum iyisitsha semifino esenziwe ngamazambane. Iresiphi eyingxenye yolwazi lwendabuko lwe-gastronomic lwesifunda saseKashmir, esifundazweni saseJammu naseKashmir, enyakatho yesizwe.
Noma kunjalo, lesi sidlo singadliwa ezweni lonke ngezinguqulo ezahlukene. Ukulungisa i-Kashmiri Aloo Dum, amazambane athoswa okokuqala ngamafutha bese aphekwa kancane kancane kusoso esiyisinongo esinezela ukuthinta komusa esitsheni.
Inkukhu kaTandoori
Inkukhu yeTandoori iyisidlo esaziwayo eNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia. Iqukethe inkukhu eyosiwe kuhhavini nezinongo.Ngempela, i-tandoor ifanekisela uhhavini wobumba futhi iphekwe ngezinkuni namalahle. Ukuhlangana kwezinongo okuphekwa ngazo inkukhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-tandoori masala.
Le ngxube ingenziwa nge-coriander, i-cumin, i-garlic, isinamoni, i-cardamom, i-cayenne pepper, i-allspice, i-ginger, i-clove, ne-bay leaf, phakathi kwabanye. Kodwa kufanele ukhumbule ukuthi izilinganiso nenani lezinhlobo ze-tandoori masala zizohluka kuye ngokuthi ukusiphi isifunda saseNdiya.
Inkukhu Tikka Masala
Inkukhu i-tikka masala ivela emazweni aseNtshonalanga njengenye yezindlela zokupheka ezidumile zamaNdiya. Naphezu kwalokhu, akukho okufana nokunambitha inkukhu yangempela ye-tikka masala lapho yazalelwa khona, lapho ungathola khona isipiliyoni sokunambitha ifomula yangempela yalesi sidlo esikhulu esaziwayo.
Lesi sidlo siqukethe i-chicken tikka, okungukuthi, inkukhu eyoliswe iyogathi ebhakiwe nezinongo, nesoso ye-masala. Le sauce yokugcina enenhlanganisela eyingqayizivele yama-flavour, ngakho-ke isidlo sine-flavour enamakha kakhulu. Iphinde iphekwe nge-tomato sauce nobisi lukakhukhunathi.
Amaswidi e-Indian cuisine
mitha lapha
Enyakatho yezwe, ikakhulukazi emadolobheni afana neBombay, Agra noma esifundeni saseRajasthan, ungathola i-mithaa paan. I-Paan yenziwe nge-betel leaf wrapper equkethe ezinye izithako, ngokuvamile ezinosawoti.
Endabeni ye-mithaa paan, ukunambitheka kumnandi ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwefennel elimnandi, i-cardamom noma ukhukhunathi, kuye ngokuthi iresiphi ngakho-ke kumnandi ikakhulukazi kubantwana nakubantu abadala. Intengo yayo ecishe ibe ngama-euro ayi-0,20. Kunemibhalo ethile ku-cookbook ye-Nimmatnama-i Nasiruddin-Shahi esevele ichaza izindlela zokupheka ze-paan, ngakho-ke iwuhlobo lwasendulo lwesidlo esiye sahlala kuze kube yilolu suku.
Jalebi
Njengoba uhamba edolobheni laseNdiya, ubona i-dessert emise okwembali noma e-spiral, ngokuqinisekile uzohlangana ne-jalebi edumile. Lawa maswidi enziwe ngofulawa we-maida, ushukela namafutha futhi agezwa nge-cardamom, safron nesiraphu kalamula, okuwanika ukunambitheka okuphawulekayo.
AmaJalebi aziwa nangokuthi ama-zulbia futhi adumile emazweni ahlukahlukene e-Asia naseNyakatho Afrika. Aphakelwa abandayo futhi kwesinye isikhathi ashise futhi uma uwanambitha uzoba nomuzwa emlonyeni wakho woshukela ocwebezelayo ngaphakathi. Ngokuvamile zihambisana ne-lime noma ijusi kalamula noma amanzi e-rose.
UFalooda
Futhi uma ufuna isiphuzo esiqabulayo, i-falooda iyindlela ehlukile. Lesi siphuzo senziwe ngobisi, imbewu ye-basil, u-ayisikhilimu, ama-noodle, izithelo, no-ayisikhilimu. Ingxube engase ifune ukwazi isihambi kodwa evame kakhulu enyakatho yeNdiya noma eMyanmar. Kukhona ukuhlukahluka kwalesi siphuzo okuza nohlobo oluthile lwesiraphu, njengamanzi e-rose.
iziphuzo zaseNdiya ezijwayelekile
chai masala
Kwasekuseni noma ngemva kokudla, inketho enhle yokuqeda ukudla nge-masala chai enhle. Idayiswa kakhulu abadayisi betiye abahambahambayo kusihlwa, lapho abasebenzi sebebuyela emakhaya balihambise emgwaqweni.
I-Masala chai itiye elibiliswa ngamanzi nobisi. Njengoba ukusetshenziswa kwayo kuvamile ezitsheni ezinoshukela nezinomsoco eNdiya, lesi siphuzo sibuye sihambisane nezinongo ezihlukahlukene, njenge-cardamom, ama-clove noma pepper.
Izinxushunxushu
I-Chaas isiphuzo esijwayelekile ezweni lonke. Ibonakala ngokuba isiphuzo esenziwe nge-yogurt, esinikeza ukuthungwa okunokhilimu kancane, amanzi abandayo kakhulu, usawoti nezinongo ezifana ne-cumin. I-yogurt ingaba yintsha noma ibe muncu kancane, okuzoyenza ibe nokunambitheka okuthe xaxa.
Kubathandi balesi siphuzo kuthiwa sinezinto zokugaya ukudla. Ukunambitheka kwayo kuyaqabula, ilungele izinsuku ezishisa kakhulu e-India. Ithathwa unyaka wonke, ikakhulukazi ehlobo, ihambisana neqhwa.
I-Etiquette Yokudla eNdiya
I-India iyizwe elinesiko elikhulu le-gastronomic kanye nezinkambiso eziningi zemfundo nezamasiko ezizungezile, isibonelo, ukwenqaba ukudla okunikezwa yinoma ubani kuwukudelela kakhulu, emikhosini emikhulu efana nemishado, izinsuku zokuzalwa kanye neminye imikhosi, njengophawu lwenhlonipho, enye. abadlayo baphakelwa ngezandla zabo ngqo emlonyeni.
Emakhaya, ipuleti elilodwa ngokuvamile lisetshenziselwa abantu abambalwa, okwenza ogogo nomkhulu baziqhenye ngokuthi abazukulu babo bahlanganyela nabo amapuleti. Ukudla nakho kuyingxenye yelobolo noma isipho esinikezwa umakoti nomkhwenyana ngosuku lwabo lomshado, futhi ukuphakela izilwane, izinkomo, izinyoni, izinkawu, amagundane nokunye okuhlukahlukene kuletha inhlanhla nenjabulo nokuchuma.
Yiqiniso, kuzodingeka ufunde ukudla kuphela ngesandla sakho sokunene, uhlale ugcina kwesokunxele ohlangothini lwakho, ngoba kufanele usetshenziselwe imisebenzi engcolile, nakuba ezindaweni ezivakashelwa kakhulu bayohlala bakuthatha ngaphansi kwesembozo.
Kodwa izincomo zethu ukuthi uzame ukudla ngezandla zakho, nakuba kunzima ngathi ukudla irayisi ngokwesibonelo, ngiyakuqinisekisa ukuthi kumane kuwukuqhubeka kokuzwa izwe, i-India enezinzwa eziningi eyanelisa wonke umuntu. izinzwa, egcwele iphunga, imibala, izimo kanye flavour.
Isinkwa saseNdiya, esihlale sibhakwa ezinhlobonhlobo zaso ezihlukahlukene, kufanele siphulwe kuphela ngesandla sokudla, ikakhulukazi ngesithupha nomunwe ophakathi, ukusithatha ngomunwe wendandatho nomunwe omncane, ukugwema ukusebenzisa umunwe wenkomba, obhekwa njengongcolile kakhulu. yesandla esihlanzekile, esizosetshenziselwa ukukhomba, ukunwaya, njll.
Akugcini nje ngokubukeka kunzima, kodwa futhi kunzima, kodwa umuntu oseduze kwakho uhlale ekhuluma ukuze akusize uphule ngaphandle kokubuza, uzobona. Futhi, amaNdiya ngokuvamile ayabekezelela kakhulu futhi ayaqonda ukuthi uvela esikweni elinezindinganiso ezihlukene, ngakho ukulandela imithetho yawo yokukhulisa izingane kuzowathopha ngenxa yesithakazelo sakho, kodwa ngeke kube nenkinga uma engenzi njalo.
Ukuhlukahluka Kwe-Gastronomic ENdiya
Njengoba kwaziwa, iyizwe elikhulu, futhi yiqiniso elinokudla okuhlukahlukene, okukwazi ukuzama ukudla okuhlukene kusukela lapho uvuka kuze kube yilapho ulala, okubonakala kimi njengengxenye ejabulisa kakhulu yohambo, kodwa yini eyenza kube nzima ukufingqa amapuleti ayi-15 kuphela .
Ngokuvamile, kungashiwo ukuthi umehluko omkhulu phakathi kokudla okuvela enyakatho naseningizimu yezwe yizinga le-spiciness enyakatho, akunjalo eningizimu yezwe, kodwa uzokujabulela. kuzo zombili izingxenye. yokuqhuma. ngenqwaba yama-flavour angavamile, acishe abe umlutha.
Indlela engcono kakhulu neyonga kakhulu yokungena kulolu hlobo olukhulu lwe-gastronomic ukukwenza udla njengabo, e-Thali, ipuleti elikhulu ngokuvamile elenziwe ngethusi elinezitsha ezivame ukuqukatha i-dhal, isitshulu se-lentils, ingxube yemifino enokheri onjalo. njenge-aloo gobi (amazambane nokholifulawa), i-paneer (ushizi omusha ophekwe ngezindlela ezahlukene).
Futhi irayisi le-basmati, isinkwa, i-curd noma i-dhai, iyogathi ewuketshezi okufanele uyiphuze ngezinye izikhathi nosawoti kanye ne-cumin, kanye nasenyameni ehamba phambili, ngokuvamile inkukhu noma inhlanzi, kanye ne-dessert gulab jammum, uswidi ojwayelekile waseNdiya. Intengo yethali iyahlukahluka phakathi kwama-rupee ayi-100 eshibhe kakhulu, imifino kuphela, nama-rupee angama-750 ngebiza kakhulu, ephekwe ngenyama noma inhlanzi.
Ukudla kwasekuseni e-India
Ukudla kwasekuseni e-India kunosawoti omningi futhi kuyababa, nakuba emahhotela ungakwazi njalo ukukhetha ukudla kwasekuseni kwesitayela sasentshonalanga, phakathi nohambo kuzodingeka ujwayele ukudla kwakho, yingakho ngikutshela izitsha engizikhonzile. ngalesi sikhathi sosuku futhi kubekezeleleke kakhulu kimi. Umzimba wentombazane yaseSpain edinga isidlo sasekuseni esimnandi.
I-Dose Mass
Sikuthatha njengesidlo sasendaweni eseningizimu, esisikhumbuza ikhaya lethu. I-dosa iwuhlobo lwe-pancake ezacile futhi eshwabene, efakwe amazambane no-anyanisi othoswe ekushiseni okuhamba kancane, njengaku-omelet yethu yamazambane ejwayelekile, enongwe ngezinongo ezithuthukisa ukunambitheka kwayo. Lena inketho ekahle futhi ayinti nhlobo.
alo parantha
Inketho yesibili engiyiphakamisayo i-spicier kakhulu. Iwuhlobo lwe- chapati, inhlama kafulawa kakolweni oyisicaba oxutshwe namazambane no-anyanisi obomvu oqotshiwe, kodwa ogqagqene kakhulu. Ukukhetha okumnandi.
Iziqalo
Kunezinto eziningi amaNdiya azidlayo usuku lonke ezivame ukusetshenziswa njengeziqalo zokudla, njenge:
I-Pakora
Lesi sidlo siqukethe imifino eqoshiwe enjengo-anyanisi, ukholifulawa, amazambane, upelepele oluhlaza, ngezinye izikhathi ngokwehlukana, futhi njengoba ngithanda, konke kuqotshwe ndawonye, kunongwe ngopelepele oluhlaza oshisayo, i-coriander, ikhumini futhi kucwiliswe ohlotsheni oluthile lukafulawa. I-Chickpea tempura, gazinga ngemva kwalokho. Inokunambitheka okumangalisayo, ikakhulukazi ebusuku ogwadule noma ukuhamba ngesitimela.
ubaba
Ingenye yeziqalo engithanda kancane, kodwa ejwayelekile kakhulu. Ikhekhe likafulawa we-lentile elihle kakhulu, elifakwe upelepele omnyama kanye ne-cumin, elibekwe ngqo emlilweni, uqaphela ukuthi ungashi, kanye ne-appetizer engcono kakhulu yokuhambisana nobhiya omkhulu we-Kingfisher.
Ezinye Izitsha Eziyinhloko
UDhal
I-Lentil ingenye yezindlela zokudla ezisetshenziswa kakhulu kumaNdiya, futhi akufanele zishiywe ngaphandle kunoma yikuphi ukudla. I-recipe yenziwe ngo-anyanisi oqoshiwe oqoshiwe nge-cumin, i-tamarind, i-turmeric, i-ginger, i-pinch ye-asafoetida digestif, i-coriander eyomile kanye nopelepele obomvu ophansi, lapho ama-lentils engezwa khona futhi ashiywe ukuze apheke.
Uma i-lentile isithambile, engeza isinamoni kanye ne-garlic echotshoziwe kanye ne-parsley odakeni. Ngiwapheka kakhulu futhi ngiyakuqinisekisa ukuthi uzowathanda.
I-Palak Paneer
Ingenye yalezo zindlela zokupheka ezilungiselelwe kakhulu ekhaya futhi sonke esizithandayo, kanye nokuba yindlela yasekuqaleni yokudla isipinashi, ikakhulukazi kulabo abaphikisana nemifino. Indlela yami yokwenza i-sauce ngo-anyanisi kanye notamatisi omncane obomvu, oxutshwe ne-turmeric, i-cumin encane kakhulu, i-tamarind, i-coriander eyomile kanye ne-paprika.
Okufakwa kukho isipinashi esiphekwe ngaphambilini, i-coriander entsha kanye noshizi, okuyinto e-India ngokuvamile eyenziwa ekhaya futhi yenziwa ngobisi lwenyathi, kodwa lapha silungiselela ama-tacos kashizi wembuzi, njengoba i-mozzarella inothile kodwa inokwakheka okubucayi kakhulu. Kuyamangaza!
iqanda eligoqiwe
Uma uthanda amaqanda abilisiwe, lokhu kuyisinqumo sakho esiphelele. Amaqanda abilisiwe anesoso, noma isoso njengoba esho lapho, no-anyanisi, ugalikhi, uphizi, ujinja, utamatisi, upelepele oluhlaza oshisayo, i-coriander, i-tamarind ne-garam masala, konke okuthoswe ngamafutha emifino noma i-ghee.
I-Shrimp Curry enobisi lukakhukhunathi
Esinye isidlo esisheshayo osilungiselela ekhaya, esivame kakhulu eNingizimu yeNdiya, yimfunzi ephekiwe esikhuluma ngayo. Ukuze uzilungiselele, vele uwathose ngebhotela, u-anyanisi, u-garlic kanye nejinja odakeni, i-turmeric, i-bay leaf, i-chili ne-cardamom. Uma u-anyanisi usugolide, engeza ijusi ye-lime, ubisi lwekakhukhunathi, inkathi ngosawoti kanye nopelepele bese uqeda nge-shrimp ehlutshiwe, uyivumele ipheke phezu kokushisa okuphansi imizuzu emi-4 kuya kwemi-5.
IWundlu Biryani
Iwundlu biryani isidlo samaholide, esiphekwa ikakhulukazi amaSulumane eNdiya ekupheleni kweRamadan. Yenziwa ngokwenza iwundlu elinongwe zibe nsundu epanini, ligcine bese lixutshwa ne-coriander, u-garlic kanye nejinja egayiwe ngaphambilini odakeni bese u-anyanisi usikwe ube yimichilo ye-julienne.
Bese wengeza irayisi, ijusi kalamula bese umboza ngamanzi ukuze upheke imizuzu engu-35 kuze kube yilapho kungabikho uketshezi olusele futhi irayisi ithambile, enezela i-chili, i-turmeric, amaqabunga e-bay. kanye nesafroni. Ngaphambi kokukhonza, hlobisa ngama-raisins a-hydrated, ama-cashews nama-alimondi athosiwe.
Inkukhu Ebhotela
Uma uma ubheka imenyu yendawo yokudlela unquma uku-oda i-Butter Chicken, kufanele wazi ukuthi iyisidlo engingazi ukuthi singaba namadigri amangaki esikalini sase-Scoville, kodwa ngiyakuqinisekisa. ithanda ukuba muncu kakhulu. Ilungiswa ngezindlela ezahlukene kuye ngokuthi isifunda ngisho nendlu, kodwa ngokuyisisekelo inkukhu ifakwe ku-brown epanini nebhotela noma ifakwe ngqo kuhhavini, ngemva kokuyihambisa nge-yogurt, i-lime, i-ginger, i-garlic, upelepele obomvu, i-garam. i-masala, usawoti kanye ne-splash of oil.
Ukwenza isoso uzokhathala ukucwilisa isinkwa sakho nokunotha kwaso, siqukethe i-cardamom, ama-clove, nesinamoni, konke okuthoswe ngebhotela, nopelepele obomvu, unamathisele utamatisi ochotshoziwe. namanzi amancane ancishisiwe, kuze kufakwe inkukhu. Uma usuqedile, engeza i-creme fraiche noma ukhilimu wokupheka uma uyenzile.