KuDavid Fostwer Wallace sisele namanoveli akhe, imibiko yakhe, izindaba zakhe, imishwana yakhe, futhi ngaphezu kwakho konke, imicabango yakhe kanye nendlela yakhe yokuphila. Nokumlahla. Akumele kube lula ukuqoqa izingxoxo eziyi-19 (umbiko +1) wombhali (ikakhulukazi ofana noDavid Foster Wallace) nokuthi le ncwadi ayibi yihlaya elingapheli lokunanela kwemibono egqagqene nephindaphindiwe. UStephen J Burn, umhleli we Izingxoxo noDavid Foster Wallace,uwenze kahle umsebenzi wakho. Kule ncwadi enhle kakhulu yezingxoxo, eshicilelwe eSpain nguPálido Fuego, Ungathola yonke imishwana yokungafi ka-David Foster Wallace efingqa ifa lakhe. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ungumbhali, umcabango, umhlaziyi wemibhalo, umhlaziyi womphakathi wangemva kwesimanje noma isibukeli esiluthwe kumabonakude. Leli bhuku lifana nengxoxo ende phakathi neminyaka embalwa nomuntu ofisa ukuba naye njengomngane. (owaziwa ngokuthi uJonathan Frazen).
Ukuhlanganiswa kobufakazi beminyaka ecishe ibe amashumi amabili obuvela kubaba umshanelo wesistimu, Ihlaya elingapheli o Intombazane enezinwele ezingavamile Inikeza isikhuthazo esikabili kumfundi. Ngalezi zingxoxo noDavid Foster Wallace singena encazelweni yombono wakhe othile womhlaba. futhi, futhi, encazelweni yezincwadi zayo. Futhi ngomsebenzi wakhe asibhekiseli kumanoveli akhe, izindaba kanye nemibiko, kodwa emcabangweni wakhe wokuthi izincwadi (ezinhle) ziyini futhi kufanele zibe. Uhlobo lwezincwadi ozimisele ukutshala kuzo isikhathi sakho nesifiso sakho.
UJonathan Frazen noFoster Wallace
Nakuba isimangalo esembozweni siyiqiniso (“Ukuhlangana ngakunye nombhali kunikeza esinye isiqeshana sendida”), amandla ale ncwadi emnandi akuwona umnikelo wayo ekwambulweni nasekuqondeni ukuhlushwa okukhona okwaphenduka ukuzibulala (futhi okwalandela). ukwenza i-canonization). Njengoba nje isinikeza izikhathi eziningana zomvuthwandaba njengaleyo kadade ("Angikwazi ukukhipha isithombe ekhanda lami (...) UDavide nezinja zakhe; kumnyama. Ngiqinisekile wabaqabuza emlonyeni, wabatshela ukuthi uyaxolisa"). Izingxoxo noDavid Foster Wallace's forte zikwenye indawo.
i-postmodernism embi
Kwesinye isikhathi, icishe ibe yi-theory manual, ethokozisayo nakulabo abangazi nokuthi uDavid Foster Wallace wayengubani. Kuyamangalisa, ukukwazi ukufunda okumnyama kokumhlophe okunye kokuxilonga okunembe kakhulu kwenkathi:
“Ukucasuka nokugxeka kwakuyilokho ubuzenzisi baseMelika bamashumi amahlanu namashumi ayisithupha. Yilokho okwenza abaculi bokuqala be-postmodernists abakhulu. Okuhle kakhulu nge-irony ukuthi ihlukanisa izinto futhi isiphakamise ngaphezu kwazo ukuze sibone amaphutha kanye nokuzenzisa nokuphindaphinda (...) Ukubhuqa, ukubhuqa, ubuwula kanye nokubhuqa kuyizindlela ezinhle zokukhumula imaski ezintweni ukukhombisa iqiniso elingemnandi ngemuva kwabo. Inkinga iwukuthi uma imithetho yobuciko ingahlonishwa, futhi uma amaqiniso angajabulisi atholakala futhi axilongwa, senzenjani-ke? (…) Senzenjani manje? Ngokusobala esifuna ukukwenza wukuqhubeka nokubhuqa izinto. Indida nokugxeka kwangemva kwesimanje kuye kwaba isiphetho ngokwako, isilinganiso semfashini eyinkimbinkimbi kanye nesavvy yemibhalo. Bambalwa abaculi abalokotha bakhulume ngokuthi yini engalungile ngezindlela zokuya ekuhlelweni, ngoba bazobonakala benozwela futhi bengazi kubo bonke abenzi bensimbi abajabulile. Indida isuke ekukhululeni yaya ebugqilini.”
Lokhu kwehlisa a UDavid Foster Wallace oneminyaka engama-29 ukuya kuLarry McCaffery amakhasi angama-33 ngemuva kokuqala kwengxoxo for the Ukubuyekezwa kwe-Contemporary Fiction Isuka ku-1993. Ngemva kokufunda ukuxilongwa, umuntu angakwazi ukuvala incwadi isikhashana nje, avuke, aqalaze futhi aqhaqhazele ngokufaneleka okugcwele kwe-postulate. Kuleli sonto, ngemuva kwenkulumompikiswano yokuqala neyokuphela kwethelevishini ngaphambi kokhetho lwangoNovemba 10 eSpain, udaba oluphawulwe kakhulu ezinkundleni zokuxhumana (ngokubhuqa okudakiwe nokuhlekisayo, vele) bekuyi-"blowjobs" eyashiwo uPablo Iglesias, sicabanga ukuthi ngephutha, ngenkathi sikhuluma nge-feminism nokulingana.
UDavid Foster Wallace esithombeni sango-2002
Yilokho esikhuluma ngakho. Kuvela kuDavid Foster Wallace, umbhali owabhala wasebenzisa i-clairvoyance yakhe eyihlazo ukuze athwebule futhi afingqe izici ezichazayo zenkathi futhi uziguqule zibe izincwadi.
Esinye isibonelo. Inkathi yemidiya enkulu:
“Izwe esiphila kulo lihluke kakhulu. Manje sengingakwazi ukuvuka ngibuke izithombe zesathelayithi zomsindo e-Beijing ngenkathi ngidla isidlo sasekuseni se-Tex-Mex futhi ngilalele umculo Wezwe Lesithathu kusidlali sami se-CD. Umsebenzi wokulandisa wawuvame ukuba ukwenza okungajwayelekile, ukukuyisa noma kuphi futhi uzizwe usekhaya lapho. Kubonakala sengathi esinye sezici zokuphila namuhla ukuthi yonke into yethulwa njengento eyaziwayo, ngakho-ke enye yezinto okufanele iciko liyenze ukukhumbuza abantu ukuthi okuningi kwalokhu kujwayela kuyaxaka.
Ngezinye izikhathi, akukona kakhulu lokho akushoyo kodwa kanjani. Lokho kulula okubonakalayo ukufinyeza ubukhali nokucaca, kukutshela lokho “kukhona ukuchofoza Madame Bovary ukuthi, dammit, uma ungayizwa, kunento engasebenzi kuwe".
Noma indlela uDavid Foster Wallace azibuza ngayo ukuthi "ingabe sidinga inganekwane engenzi lutho ngaphandle kokulingisa ukuthi yonke into imnyama futhi iyisiphukuphuku kanjani?", ukuze siqinisekise ukuthi "ezikhathini zobumnyama, ubuciko obamukelekayo buyoba yibo obuthola futhi bubangele i-cardiopulmonary resuscitation kulezo zici zemilingo nezomuntu zisaphila futhi zikhazimula naphezu kobumnyama besikhathi.”
Foster Wallace, umbhali wesikhathi sakhe
Ngokuvumelana nobujamo bakhe besikhathi eside kanye nethelevishini, izimpendulo zikaDavid Foster Wallace ezingxoxweni zakhe ziyafana nempilo yakhe nomsebenzi: imifula lapho kuhlanganiswa khona imisinga yefilosofi, ithiyori yokubhala, ithenisi, izibalo, i-rap ne-MTV. Njengombhali we-postmodernist kanye ne-realist, waba nomuzwa wokuthi ukubalekela izinkomba ze-pop kwakuwukubuyisela emuva: "Ngomhlaba engiphila kuwo futhi ngizama ukubhala ngawo, akunakugwenywa."
Ibhande lesithonjana lika-David Foster Wallace lalikhona nje ukunqanda umjuluko. Noma ubani oke wabona noma wezwa enye yezingxoxo zakhe uzokwazi ukuthi kungakanani ukucabanga okungene empendulweni ngayinye. Lokhu kubonakala futhi encwadini, ngokugomela kanye nokuziphikisa okugcwele ukungabaza okusemthethweni, kokuthi "Angazi noma ngiyazichaza" noma "lokhu cishe akuwenzi umqondo".
UDavid Foster Wallace wayegxile kakhulu olimini kwaze kwaba yilapho ethola ezinye zezinkolelo-mbono "eziphoqayo" ezithi "ayikho ngempela into engokoqobo enengqondo ngaphandle kolimi. Lolo limi ludala, ngendlela eyinkimbinkimbi, lokho esikubiza ngokuthi ngokoqobo. Wittgenstein wambeka.
Nikeza ividiyo elandelayo ithuba lokuqonda ingqikithi ephelele (ngaphezulu noma ngaphansi) yomuntu endabeni yemizuzu emithathu yokushukuma komzimba namagama asheshayo . Leli iqoqo lokusikeka kusuka kunhlolokhono eyodwa! lapho sibona khona ukuthi uDavid Foster Wallace wahlupheka futhi wajuluka wonke amagama ukuze adlulisele imibono yakhe ngokunemba okukhulu. Inhlolokhono isuka ku-2003 futhi yayiye-ZDF yenethiwekhi yaseJalimane (futhi ungayibona iphelele kulesi sixhumanisi):
Kunjalo, ngaphezu kwezimfundiso ezibuhlungue Izingxoxo noDavid Foster Wallace, ama-acolyte ombhali azobona ukulambela kwawo idatha yomlando womuntu kwaneliseke ngokugcwele. Abazali bakhe bafundelana ngokuzwakalayo Ulysses de Joyce ngaphambi kokulala, eneminyaka eyisishiyagalombili base bemfundile Moby-Dick njll..
amakholwa fosterwallians bazobona indlela iminyaka eyishintsha ngayo inkulumo yomlobi; indlela "umalume" noma izivumo ezihlanyayo kanye nokungazi lutho kweziqalo eziyisisekelo zokuthuthukiswa kwenhlolokhono kunikeza indlela ezimpendulo ezicatshangelwayo, ezinesizotha nezijwayelekile zomuntu oqala ukulinganisa ukuthi lingakanani iqiniso kulokho. “Njengoba usumdala, abazali bakho bahlakaniphe kakhulu.”
UDavid Foster Wallace. Kufanele ngabe kuyathakazelisa ukuhlangana naye.
U-David Foster Wallace, Izingxoxo no-David Foster Wallace (Kuhlelwa ngu-Stephen J. Burn)
Kuhunyushwe nguJosé Luis Amores Baena
Pale Fire, Malaga 2012
Amakhasi angu-238 | izindleko 18 Euro