IVangeli NgokukaJesu Kristu Isifingqo Esiphelele!

Inoveli Ivangeli ngokusho kukaJesu Kristu Kwakunempikiswano enkulu ngesikhathi sokushicilela, njengoba kulokhu kubuzwa ubungcwele bukaJesu, kulesi sihloko kuzoboniswa ukufingqwa kwale ndaba.

Ivangeli ngokusho kukaJesu Kristu

IVangeli NgokukaJesu Kristu yayiyinoveli eyanyatheliswa ngo-1991 ngumbhali uJosé Saramago owaziwa kakhulu ngemisebenzi yakhe, izindaba kanye nezinkondlo. Wazalwa ngo-1922 ePortugal, izincwadi zakhe zokubhala ziye zagqanyiswa kulo lonke izwekazi laseYurophu ngendlela efanayo nakwamanye amazwekazi athola ngayo ukudunyiswa ngemibhalo yakhe.

Lo mbhali wawina uMklomelo KaNobel ngo-1998 emkhakheni wezincwadi ngamasethi ezinto ezintsha ekubhaleni kwakhe nendlela iqiniso lomuntu elibonisa ngayo ekulandiseni kwemisebenzi yakhe, emaka isitayela sokuhlekisa ngokusebenzisa izifaniso ukuze ukwazi kangcono. qonda umyalezo ofuna ukuwunikeza.

Esinye sezici zendalo yakhe ukuthi isukela enganekwaneni iye eqinisweni elingaphilwa njengabantu; ngale ndlela kunikeza umfundi indlela entsha yokuhlola ukubhala. Umniningwane owodwa awunikeze emisebenzini yakhe ukuthi ivumela abafundi ukuba bazizwe besondelene nendaba exoxwayo, okwenza kube lula ukufunda nokwandisa ulwazi lwezincwadi.

Encwadini yakhe ethi, IVangeli ngokukaJesu Kristu, unikeza umbono ohlukile ngezenzo zikaJesu, njengoba efuna ukuveza ukuthi uNkulunkulu wenza izinto ngendlela enobugovu, bese ebuza ubungcwele obuvezwa iNkosi uJesu, ngenxa yokulandisa. esetshenziswe kulo msebenzi kwasiza ukuba aklonyeliswe uMklomelo KaNobel.

Isekelwe kusukela ekukhulelweni kukaJesu Kristu ekuqaleni kwenoveli ethi IVangeli ngokukaJesu Kristu, kubhekiselwa ezincwadini ezisohlwini lwezincwadi zeBhayibheli; ekulandiseni kwakhe uhlanganise nesitayela sakhe esibhuqayo ukuze anikeze ukuqonda kwemibono nombono wale ndaba ngombono omusha, ukuze kusungulwe umyalezo womuntu siqu ngale ndaba.

Evangelini ngokukaJesu Kristu kugcwele indida kanye nokubhuqa ukuphikisana nobugovu bukaNkulunkulu nokubuza umusa nesihe sikaNkulunkulu, kunomthwalo wemfanelo wokukhombisa umbono lapho izenzo zivezwa njengonya futhi zingenalo uthando. Ngalesi sizathu lo msebenzi waba nempikiswano enkulu futhi wagxekwa ekushicilelweni kwawo ngalo mbono ophika ubukhosi beNkosi.

Ukuze kuchazwe okwengeziwe ngalo mbono omusha, usekelwe eVangelini likaLuka oNgcwele esahlukweni 1 kusukela evesini 1 kuya ku-4; Ekuqaleni, ilandisa ngendlela uJesu ayindodana kaJosefa, umbazi oneminyaka engu-20, noMariya, owayengowesifazane oneminyaka engu-16. Kule noveli kukhulunywa ngokuthi uJesu akazalwanga ngoMoya oNgcwele, kodwa wazalwa ngenzalo kaJosefa kanye noNkulunkulu.

Ngenxa yokukhononda okukhulu nokugxekwa kweziphathimandla zeSonto LamaKatolika kanye namakholwa angamaKristu ngokushintsha umbhalo ongcwele, babangela ukuba umlobi athuthele eSpain, njengoba impikiswano yalesi sihloko yayinkulu kakhulu, ayesolwa ngokuyenza. ukuhlambalaza ngabalandeli bakaKristu.

Amaqiniso adaluliwe kule noveli alandela inkambo yokuphila kukaJosé, lapho kuxoxwa khona ngokukhulelwa kukaMaría, ezinye izingane zakhe, ukuxhumana kwakhe nabanye abantu nokufa kwakhe; leli qiniso liwumehluko omkhulu kulokho okulotshwe eTestamenteni Elisha; Naphezu kwawo wonke lo msebenzi uye wanconywa ngendlela yawo yokwethula umbono omusha emlandweni kaJesu Kristu nangendlela yawo yokulandisa izenzakalo.

Uma ufuna ukufunda isifinyezo somsebenzi wokuqala kaKhaled Hosseini, lapho ekhuluma khona ngezenzakalo zempi, inkolo nabesifazane, khona-ke uyamenywa ukuba ufunde isihloko esithi. Abstract of kites esibhakabhakeni.

Isifingqo

Ivangeli ngokukaJesu Kristu elibhalwe nguJosé Saramago alihlukaniswa izahluko, ukulandisa kwalo kuyaqhubeka futhi kuhlanganisa amakhasi angama-500. Ukufundwa kutshelwa kumuntu wesithathu, umbono wakhe wenza umehluko ezinkolelweni zobuKristu; Nakuba le noveli ingahlukaniswanga ngokwezahluko, kodwa ingahlukaniswa izingxenye ezimbili, isithembiso esiphathelene neminyaka eyi-18 yokuqala kaJesu kanye nengxenye yesibili sisekelwe eminyakeni yakhe eyalandela kwaze kwaba sekubethelweni kwakhe esiphambanweni.

Indaba yeVangeli NgokukaJesu Kristu iyaphambuka emifanekisweni yobuKristu eshiwo isonto, le ndaba ixubene nokubhuqa nokubhuqa okuhlobene nesimo sengqondo sikaJesu njengesihe sikaNkulunkulu. Ukuze sibe nombono ongcono ngokulandiswa kwale noveli, isifinyezo esihlukaniswe izingxenye ezimbili sikhonjisiwe ngezansi, lapho kuchazwa khona amaqiniso abalulekile nabalulekile ale ncwadi:

Ingxenye Yokuqala: Iminyaka Engu-18 KaJesu Yokuqala

Ekuqaleni kweVangeli NgokukaJesu Kristu, kuxoxwa ngendaba kaJosefa, owayeneminyaka engu-20 ubudala futhi ochazwa njengendoda enesizotha eyayisebenza emsebenzini wokubaza, ichaza ngokuziphatha kwakhe okuhle kangangokuthi izenzo zakhe zabonisa umusa futhi. ubulungisa enkolweni yakhe yobuJuda, ngendlela efanayo ayesiza ngayo abantu ababemzungezile noma nini lapho ekwazi.

Endabeni kaMaría, uchazwa njengowesifazane oneminyaka engu-16 ubudala, owayenomsebenzi wokweluka, wayebonakala ngokuba nesimo sengqondo esiqondile, sokuthobeka nomusa; izenzo ayezenza zambonisa njengentokazi ehlanzekile nethembekile, ngenxa yalesi sizathu wayethembisene umshado noJosé, owashadela ukuhlala futhi abe endlini ephansi.

Njengoba ayesanda kushada, kuchazwa indlela uMaría anakekela ngayo uJosé efeza indima yakhe njengomfazi, kuyilapho esebenza njengombazi, nokho wayengenalo ulwazi oluningi ngemisebenzi emikhulu kodwa lokhu akuzange kuwuvimbe umsebenzi wakhe, futhi wabasekela ngokwezomnotho ngaphandle kwenkinga. .

Umbhali uyabuphika ubuntombi bukaMariya ngesikhathi ekhulelwa uJesu, njengoba kuchazwa ukuthi wakhulelwa emshadweni kaJosefa noMariya. Ngemva kwezinyanga ezi-4 zomshado wabo, ingelosi yavakashela uMariya eyisinxibi, ngenjongo yokumtshela ukuthi ukhulelwe nokuthi lo mntwana uyithemba lesintu.

Lapho lengelosi ikhuluma noMariya, imcela ukudla, avumelana noJosefa, kungaleso sikhathi lapho ingelosi ithatha isimo sayo sasezulwini, izethula njengengelosi enkulu uGabriyeli. Izingubo zakhe zagqama futhi zacwebezela ziveza amandla akhe angaphezu kwawemvelo phambi kukaMaria.

Ngakho uMariya uyambuza ukuthi wayengazi kanjani ngokukhulelwa kwakhe uma engavezanga lutho olubonisa lokho, kulokhu ingelosi yavele yambheka futhi yambonisa ngokukhazimula kwamehlo ayo impendulo eyayiyazi nje, yamnika negazi. isixwayiso esasithi akakhulumanga lutho ngalo mcimbi, wabe esenika uMaria isitsha sokudla.

Kuleso sitsha kwakunomhlaba ohlukile, njengoba wawucwebezela, ushiya uMariya noJosefa bemangele. Khona-ke ingelosi yabuye yathatha izingubo zesinxibi sayo futhi yaphuma endlini, uMariya wayesesemnyango wendlu, ngakho uJosefa wakhathazeka ngoba wayephuzile ngenxa yalokhu wasondela kuye ukuze abuze ukuthi kwenzekeni ngesinxibi.

UMaría uphendula uJosé ngokuthi izingane zikhanya emehlweni komama, zishaqekile ngempendulo, ngakho uchaza ngokuningiliziwe ubuso bukaMaría ebona ukucwebezela okuthile, uyamtshela futhi aphendule ngokuthi ukukhanya kwendodana yakho, Ngaleso sikhathi, uyayinikeza. isitsha esamnika sona isinxibi ukuze abone umhlabathi ocwebezelayo ayemnike wona.

UJosé uqala ukuqinisekisa umhlaba ocwebezelayo, ngakho uyanyakaza futhi awususe, noma kunjalo ugcina ukukhanya kwawo, ngenxa yalokhu, ukuze acacise ukungabaza kwakhe, waya emkhandlwini wabadala ukuze axoxe nalesi simo. Ubuza ukuthi bayazi yini noma bake bezwa ngezinxibi ezazizulazula edolobheni laseNazaretha.

Kodwa engazi ngalesi sinxibi, uJosé welulekwa ukuba angcwabe isitsha endaweni eseduze nendlu yakhe ngendlela yokuthi singakhiqizi okubi noma okuhle, kodwa sihlale singathathi hlangothi. Kamuva uJosé uyatshelwa ngokubalwa kwabantu okumelwe kwenziwe ngomyalo kaHerode, ngenxa yalokhu umakhelwane wakhe u-Ananiya wamtshela ukuthi lenqubo kumelwe yenziwe ukuze kulandwe umnikelo womuntu ngamunye wedolobha.

Uma ufuna ukwazi ngomsebenzi owenziwe uRaquel Palacio lapho ekhuluma ngomfana oneminyaka engu-10 ogama lakhe lingu-August ozama ukuba nempilo evamile, ngakho-ke kunconywa ukufunda isihloko Isifinyezo sencwadi yezimanga.

Njengoba uJosé ayengowaseBhetlehema, kwadingeka athathe uhambo ukuze enze ngokuvumelana nomyalo wenkosi; kodwa lapho esendleleni uJosé wayebona isimo esihlukile nesixakile, esasiveza izici zesinxibi njengoba uMaría ayemtshelile, nokho wabonakala enganakile ukuba khona kwakhe nakuba ayemnakekela.

Lapho befika eBhetlehema, uMariya wayesezinhlungwini, futhi bengayitholi indawo yokuhlala, ngakho lapho befuna indawo bathola umhume wokukhosela. Ngaleso sikhathi uJesu wazalwa futhi izazi ezintathu zavela futhi zanikeza izipho ezihlukahlukene ezihlanganisa isinkwa, ubisi noshizi.

Ngemva kwalokhu, umntwana onguJesu uyazungezwa, futhi ngaleso sikhathi iNkosi uHerode ihlushwa ubuhlungu obunzima obudala ukugula emzimbeni wayo, kanye nokuluma ngisho nokubola esithweni sayo sangasese; Ngenxa yalokhu, iphunga elibi liyakhiqizwa, ngakho inkosi yafinyelela esimweni sokuhlanya kanye ne-paranoia.

Ngenxa yalesi simo sokudideka, wafinyelela esiphethweni sokuthi izingane zakhe zazifuna ukumbulala ukuze zimuphuce isihlalo sobukhosi; ngenxa yalokhu wayala ukuba abulawe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukubusa kwakhe. Ngemva kwalokhu waphupha amaphupho nomprofethi uMika, ngakho ngiwalandisa esiprofethweni esasikhuluma ngomntwana owayezozalelwa eBhetlehema futhi owayeyoba inkosi yamaJuda.

Ngenxa yalokhu, wasungula isimemezelo esisha esasihlanganisa ukubulawa kwanoma iyiphi ingane engaphansi kweminyaka emithathu, ngenxa yokwesaba ukulahlekelwa umbuso wakhe. Lapho uJosé ezwa lokhu kuthunywa okusha engxoxweni yamasosha, kwadingeka agijime ayoxwayisa uMaría ukuba angaphumi emhumeni, ngalezo zinsuku ezwa ukuklabalasa okwabangelwa ukubulawa kwezingane.

Ingelosi uGabriyeli ivakashela uMariya ngesikhathi uJosefa engaphandle komhume, imtshela ukuthi ukube babengekho kulowo mhume umntwana uJesu ngabe wafa, nokuthi ukufa kwabanye abantwana kwakunqunyelwe kusengaphambili, ngendlela efanayo necala elibi. lokho uJosé akwenza, eshiya uMaría ehlatshwe umxhwele yilokho akusho ngomyeni wakhe.

Uchaza ukuthi uJosefa akazange abatshele abantu ngomyalelo wokubulawa kwakhe, into ayengayenza kodwa akenzanga, okumenza abe necala njengeNkosi uHerode. Ingelosi yanyamalala uMariya ebheke kuJesu, emva kwalesi sigameko babuyela eNazaretha lapho behlala khona endlini ephansi futhi kuyaziwa ukuthi sekudlule iminyaka eminingi lapho uMariya noJosefa benabanye abantwana abangu-8 ngaphandle kukaJesu.

Ingxenye Yesibili: Ukubethelwa KukaJesu

Kule ngxenye kuchazwa ukuthi uJosé ufa eneminyaka engu-33 ebethelwe esiphambanweni ngoba uhileleke eqenjini lamavukela-mbuso. Kuboniswa nokuthi uJesu wayehlale ephupha amaphupho amabi amshukumisela ukuba aye eBhetlehema. Lapho ephuma endleleni, uthola ukuthi uyise uJosefa akazange abatshele kanjani abantu ngomthetho kaHerode, ngakho akazange akuvimbele ukufa kwabantwana.

Ngenxa yalokhu, uJesu uzizwa enecala elikhulu ngaleliqiniso, njengoba eyizibulo likayise uJosefa, uthola ifa lalesisono. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, wathola umthwalo omkhulu nomthwalo wemfanelo, ngaleyo ndlela walahlekelwa ukuthula ezenzweni zakhe; Nokho, ngemva kwesikhashana uhlangana noMaría Magdalena futhi uba umlingani wakhe.

UJesu futhi uphendula amanzi abe iwayini emshadweni wasemaphandleni, andisa izinhlanzi, uphulukisa abagulayo, ukhipha amademoni kubantu, nezinye izinhlobo eziningi zezimangaliso, konke lokhu egameni likaNkulunkulu. Ngenxa yalokhu wazuza ukuthandwa okukhulu phakathi kwabantu, futhi wonke umuntu wayazi ngezenzo zakhe zomusa.

Le ngxenye ichaza ukuthi uJesu waba nokuhlangana kanjani noNkulunkulu, lapho eqala khona ingxoxo lapho ebuza khona imvelaphi yakhe yaphezulu, njengoba engumuntu we-100%, okungukuthi, wayezizwa njenganoma yimuphi umuntu, kodwa uNkulunkulu uyaqiniseka ukuthi uJosefa wayengeyena. owathola isisu sikaMariya, kodwa kwakunguYe.

Ngalokhu, uJesu uyavuma ukwenza isivumelwano noNkulunkulu, lapho ezonikelwa khona, ukuthi uyobhekana nezenzo ezichitha igazi nokudelelwa ngabantu; ephetha ngokuthi uyokufa esiphambanweni njengento yokukhululwa kubantu bomhlaba; Ngalokhu uJesu uqala ukwenza imisebenzi eyahlukene lapho aqinisekisa khona lomhlangano kodwa akubona bonke abamkholwayo.

Ezikhathini ezehlukene ngesikhathi sokuthunywa kukaJesu, ingelosi uGabriyeli yahamba naye, nokho ngalesi sikhathi kuboniswa ukuthi kwakungeyona ingelosi kodwa kwakunodeveli, ngakho-ke kuyaqondakala ukuthi nguye owahamba noMariya ngenkathi esesimweni sokuphila kwakhe. ukukhulelwa, okusho ukuthi wayeyisidalwa esiphambene nemiklamo ethunyelwe uNkulunkulu futhi esasifuna ukugwema ukudalwa kwezinkolo ezihlukahlukene esikhathini esizayo.

Evangelini ngokukaJesu Krestu usathane uchazwa njengomuntu ohlale efuna ukuthethelelwa izono zakhe, ubuye abekwe njengolunye uhlangothi lobunkulunkulu. UNkulunkulu uyamphika lokho kuthethelelwa, ngenxa yalesi sizathu udeveli uthola ubukhona bakhe bulungile ngoba busekelwe ekuphikiseni kukaNkulunkulu.

Ngemva kwalokhu, uJesu ubheka indlela yokusephula isivumelwano asenza noNkulunkulu lapho avuma khona ukuhlatshelwa isintu ngenxa yokwethuka nokwesaba ayenakho lapho ebona ukuthi sase sisondela isikhathi sakhe sokuhlupheka ngezenzo ezihlukahlukene ezibuhlungu nezichitha igazi. Wazama nokusiphula lesi sivumelwano ngoba wayazi ukuthi wayezoqala impi yenkolo yobuKatolika eyayizovela lapho ebethelwa esiphambanweni.

Nokho, akakwazanga ukuphunyuka kulesi sivumelwano esimiswe noNkulunkulu, ngakho wabuya noMariya Magdalena waqhubeka nemisebenzi yakhe. Usathane waqhubeka nokuphelezela uJesu ngisho esegibele imbongolo eya eBetlehema, ngemva kwalokho waboshwa futhi wagwetshelwa ukubethelwa esiphambanweni; Kuleli qophelo kuchazwa indlela uJesu acabanga ngayo ukuthi abantu basetshenziswa kanjani ukwandisa ubunkulunkulu bukaNkulunkulu.