U-Rafael Chirbes wayengaphezu kombhali wokugubha Ogwini. Eminyakeni embalwa ngaphambi kokwethulwa kwakhe okukhulu kwangemva kwenhlekelele, uValencian wayazi ukuthi angayibona kanjani inkinga yezomnotho eyayiseduze eyayisihlasela ngendlela engakaze ibonwe muntu. Isidumbu isithombe esibukhali nesabisayo seqiniso lezwe. Futhi kwabahlala khona.
Ukubuyekezwa kwe-Crematorio, i-sequel yokomoya ethi On the Shore
Amanoveli okuzijabulisa kanye namanoveli ahlonishwayo
Esihlokweni esiphendula izinkulumo eziyimpikiswano ngo U-Eduardo Mendoza eyenziwe ngo-1998 lapho aphikisa khona ukuthi uhlobo lwenoveli lufile, UJavier Marias wabona kufanele ukuba ubuciko obunjalo buhlukaniseke ngezigaba ezimbili: inoveli ka-eukuzijabulisa kanye nokuthi ukuqashelwa. Lesi akusona isikhathi nendawo yokungena ukuze ubone ukuthi indima yokuqala ingaba yini, njengoba ilebula ngokwayo isivele inikeze izinkomba ezanele mayelana nemvelo yayo, futhi akulona uhlelo lokugqoka amagilavu futhi, njenge-sexer yenkukhu, qala ukuhlukana ne-Shakespeares kanye ne-Dostoevskys ye-Zafones ne-Falcones, ngayo yonke inhlonipho efanelwe yilokhu (ngokujulile).
Yebo, singathanda ukuhlala encazelweni uMarías ayinikezayo yesigaba sesibili. Mayelana “namandla okumela”, uMarías uthi:
“Ngenoveli siyazi ukuthi besikwazi ebesingakwazi kuze kube yilapho siyifunda ihleliwe, imele noma itshelwe.”
Noma njengoba asho ngonyaka ngaphambili kwesinye isihloko endaweni engaphansi marianesque:
"Inoveli ayisho lokho okwaziwayo, kodwa lokho okwaziwayo futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo kushaywe indiva".
cunt Isidumbu (I-Anagram), URafael Chirbes ushicilelwe ngo-2007 incwadi ephawula isikhathi futhi ubukhulu bayo bulele ngqo kuleli khono lokuqaphela, ukuvuma kabili uma kungenzeka. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, Isidumbu Ithole indawo emlandweni wokulandisa kweSpanishi ngokwazi ukuthwebula kahle izinto ezingokoqobo ezimbili ezizwakala ngaphezu kokuzwakala: okuhlanganayo, isitini esidakiwe esafaka iSpain osizini lapho namuhla eziqhenya ngokuvela khona (futhi lapho maduze sizozithola sivaleleke khona futhi), nokunye okungaguquki: ubunkimbinkimbi bemvelo yomuntu.
Isidumbu iye yanconywa kakhulu (i-Critics Award) ngekhwalithi yayo yokubhala kanye ne ukunethezeka lapho abona khona umhosha lapho umnotho waseSpain uphokophele khona ("Sifana, ngaphezu kwakho konke, nalawo maViennese ngokuthi sisonqenqemeni lwakwalasha," ifundeka ngokushesha ngemva kokuqala).
I-Crematorium: ifuna injabulo enendawo engemuva yezindlu
Nakuba isizinda sangemuva sizungeza ihlathi likakhonkolo eligezayo elihlasele amadolobha asogwini, ingqikithi eyinhloko yale ncwadi akuyona enye ngaphandle kweyomuntu kanye nobudlelwano bakhe obunezivunguvungu nabanye abantu akanye nabo kulo lonke lolu cwaningo lwaphakade, ukusesha okungapheli, kwe-grail engcwele yeNjabulo. Kungashiwo okufanayo ngakho Ogwini.
Ukulandisa kuqala futhi kuphele ngosuku olufanayo: umngcwabo kaMatías, umfowabo kaRubén Bertomeu, umakhi wempumelelo othi, njengoMichael Corleone, azame ukuzihlenga, yokushiya ikusasa elimnyama nelinobugebengu ukuze baqhubeke namabhizinisi abo ngokuhlanzekile, ngaphandle kokungcolisa izandla zabo (“Isikhathi sezinto ezingcolile sesiphelile, manje isikhathi sezinto ezihlanzekile,[...] into efanele, akukho lutho lapha , akukho lutho laphaya").
Ngeke kusaba khona izigebengu, ngeke kusaba ukushushumbiswa kwe-cocaine eziswini zamahhashi angeniswe eMexico.
U-Rubén Bertomeu, umlingiswa ongenakulibaleka
Njengayo yonke into kuhle kubi, izimiso zakhe zokuziphatha aziqhubeki kakhulu kunalezo zomthetho wasehlathini, zalezo zomuntu ozenzile ezigcwele izizathu angalala ngazo nonembeza wakhe ngokuthula:
“Nikholelwa ngokungakhethi ukuthi yonke into evela kwenye inkathi, ngisho nemnyama kakhulu, ifanele ukuhlonishwa futhi akufanele ithintwe; Ngaphezu kokungabi nangqondo, ocabanga ukuthi ngeke kube kuhle, noma kube nempilo: ukungafisi ukuya kwelinye igxathu elidlulele kunabanye. Ukungenzi: lokho kungukuthula, ukuvala ”.
Uma kucatshangelwa ukuthi bekunzima kangakanani ezimbonini zamafilimu nezemibhalo ukusungula into ye-mafia (okungaba ngumsekeli wayo wakamuva, owase-Ireland, okuhlala njalo okufanayo), Isidumbu kulethe ubusha ohlotsheni lwe-mafia olugetshengwayo, sibonga, ikakhulukazi, kusisa sika-Rubén Bertomeu: “Ngingumakhi. Ngithanda leyo jargon yama-slabs, amapulangwe, i-formwork, ama-props, ama-rods, ama-mesh, i-flooring kanye nama-tochanas. Bengilokhu ngikholelwa ukuthi nginesiphiwo salo msebenzi. Ngamunye unamandla okwenza okuthile […] ukuncintisana kuphela kulokho ozokuzuza”.
Naphezu kokuphila ukuphila okumatasa a i-parade eqhubekayo engekho izindawo (uhlala eshayela futhi ayishiye kuphela ukuze anyathele amabhilidi aqanjiwe asakhiwayo, izindawo zokudlela kanye nezindawo zokuthengisa umzimba) hhayi abantu (uzwa uthando ngonina nenzalo yakhe kuphela), naphezu kokuba i-bastard kunabo bonke, ungumuntu ojabule kunabo bonke abalingisi. Futhi isithombe sithembeke kakhulu, kanye nengoma yosizi ehlanjululwa ngabanye abajwayele kakhulu, kangangokuthi iyesabisa.
U-Rubén Bertomeu: indoda, izincazelo eziyinkulungwane
Ukufa komfowethu kuyizaba esivunyelwe ukungena ngazo emiqondweni yamalungu omndeni wakwaBertomeu, okuthengwe ngawo. sithola umbono othile ngamunye wabo abanawo ngoRubén, ukuziphatha nezenzo zayo; mayelana nalokho okwenziwa uquqaba lwakho lukakhonkolo omhlophe endaweni yedolobha eliqanjiwe laseLevantine iMisent.
Ngokusebenzisa i-monodialogues kanye ukweqa ezihlokweni ezifana nemali, amasiko, ipolitiki noma izincwadi, umfundi wenza izingcezu zendida okuvela kuyo idatha esiza ukuqonda izimo zomuntu siqu zomuntu ngamunye wabantu abaneshwa abahlangana lapha. Qonda idrama yabo nokuthi bafike kanjani lapha.
Ukwenza lokhu, uChirbes ukuphelelisile lokho ukulandisa okuqhubekayo, okungenayo izingxoxo namaphuzu namacele ukuthi useke wakwenza ezincwadini ezedlule futhi lokho kukhumbuza izivivinyo eziqhubekayo neziyimpumputhe UJosé Saramago. Kodwa-ke, isebenzisa isitayela esicwengekile nesiyinkimbinkimbi (i-polyphony enkulu) kunesiPutukezi, kanye nomuzwa omsulwa kakhulu wokuziphatha nokuziphatha: Isidumbu Akucaci kahle futhi akucaci kahle ukuthi ngubani iqhawe nokuthi ubani oyisigebengu ngoba umehluko onjalo awunangqondo, kuya ngokuthi yiziphi izindaba, awunangqondo futhi ungenalutho.
Futhi, kunjalo, singaqhathanisa inqubo kaChirbes naleyo ye umgcwalisi kodwa, ngokuzinikela esinakho lapha umgcwalisi, kungcono hhayi. (RIP José Luis Cuerda).
Ubuningi babaxoxi Isidumbu
Ababalisi abatshiyeneyoeyodwa ngesahluko) usihole ekuhlehleni okungapheli, kuma-preterites (okukhona ngezikhathi ezithile), ekuphambukeni nasezinkumbulo.
Akwenzeki lutho (okuncane kakhulu kunalokho okubona ku- Uchungechunge lweCanal+, esezingeni eliphezulu). Nakuba kunezikhombe ezingenakugwemeka zeMpi Yombango, I-historical pedagogy igxile esiteji sohulumeni bokuqala bezenhlalakahle:
“Collado, senze okwakumelwe sikwenze, izifundo zakudala zezomnotho ezazibiza ngokuthi ukuqoqwa kwemali yokuqala, leli zwe lalidinga ukwakha isigaba, futhi kwakungahlangene nhlobo nakho; manje ikilasi livala imingcele, i-quota ivuliwe, sekuyisikhathi sokuqinisekisa ukuthi akukho konke lokho kuhamba komphakathi, lokho kunyakaza, lokho kungena phakathi kwamakilasi ".
Isimilo sika-Collado sikhumbuleka kakhulu. Isidalwa esidabukisayo nesineshwa esimela kangcono kunanoma yimuphi omunye okushiwo ukwehluleka. Ingomunye wabalingiswa umfundi angathola isithakazelo esikhulu kubo. kwezinhlamvu ezimbalwa evamile. I-Collado ingumgogodla wesenzo esincane senoveli. Sithanda ukusho okufanayo ngabanye abalingiswa. Kodwa cha.
Imininingwane: nini kakhulu?
Ukugxeka okuyinhloko okungenziwa ngakho Isidumbu ukuthi, ngezinye izikhathi, kubalwa kakhulu. Imininingwane eminingi mayelana nezinhlamvu eziningi kakhulu. Umsebenzi wamakwaya upendelwe thina, iseyili enemibala eminingi nemibala, yebo, kepha akukho ukuxhumana phakathi kwabo, uchungechunge lwezinkumbulo kuphela. Izingxabano lapho ngamunye enikeza inguqulo yakhe yamaqiniso kanye nokuphila. Le ncwadi iyathakazelisa, kodwa, njengencwadi enhle, ifuna umfundi. Qaphela.
Asizange siqale ngokucaphuna uMarías ngaphandle kwesizathu. Indoda yaseMadrid, ejwayele ukusikhumbuza ku-EPS noma nini lapho ithuba livela (sicabanga ukuthi ikhulula amabheji kubashayeli bamatekisi) eyashicilela inoveli yakhe yokuqala eneminyaka engu-19, ibilokhu idlala umdlalo ofanayo amashumi eminyaka, okungukuthi. , okuphambene ne imibono, imicabango kanye nezindlela, konke okuhililekile ogibeni olungapheli lokuhlehla.
Izinkulumo ezihlukene zobuchopho ezihlangana ndawonye Isidumbu ngezinye izikhathi zingaba nzima, nakuba zijabulisa kakhulu kunalezo ezingafundwa kuzo Kusasa empini cabanga ngami noma ku Ama-crush (nakuba lokhu, vele, sekuvele kuyintandokazi yomuntu siqu ezohluka ngokuya ngokuthanda komfundi). Umehluko usezindaweni ezihlukahlukene ezinothile zezindikimba kanye nemibono. Vuliwe Isidumbu, njengoba kunababalisi abaningi kangaka, umfundi uyaphoqeleka ukuba enze isahlulelo, azibeke, abonise. Nquma ukuthi uyithenga kubani inkulumo. sazane