Imibala yothingo esiyibona esibhakabhakeni ngemva kosuku lwemvula, imibala emsulwa umbala wayo ochazwa ubude begagasi lawo.. Sikhuluma ngesinye sezenzakalo zezulu ezinhle kakhulu futhi eziyingqayizivele imvelo esinikeza yona, uthingo. Imibala eyisikhombisa yileyo evelayo, njalo ilandelana futhi ingabonakala ezingxenyeni ezihlukene zeplanethi ngesikhathi esisodwa.
Ukuze sibone lesi senzakalo sesimo sezulu, imvula kufanele ibonakale futhi ngemva kwayo, kuzovela lezi zikhothamo ezimibalabala eziyisikhombisa. Uyazi ukuthi la makhothamo ayisikhombisa anemibala akhiwa kanjani? Ungabe usazibuza, ngomzuzwana nje sizochaza ukuthi uyini uthingo, inqubo yokubunjwa kwalo kanye nemibala ngayinye eyakhayo.
Ukuqonda izenzakalo ezimangalisayo
Ukuze uqonde kangcono ukuthi kuyini, ukuthi zakhiwe kanjani kanye nemibala lesi senzakalo esimangalisayo esinikezwa uMama Wendalo, kufanele siqale ngokuchaza ukuthi amehlo abantu asebenza kanjani. Ukwazi esisanda kukusho, kuzoba lula kakhulu ukuqonda yonke inqubo.
Iso lomuntu lingenye yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni wethu. Azwela kakhulu ekukhanyeni, umbono wombala esinawo ukhiqizwa ukugqugquzelwa kobukhulu obuhlukahlukene bamaza okukhanya kumacones ethu.. Kulabo abangazi ukuthi ama-cones ayini, angamaseli azwelayo atholakala ku-retina, ikakhulukazi kusendlalelo se-photoreceptor. La maseli esikhuluma ngawo yiwo aphethe indlela yokubona imibala.
Unganikezwa izinhlobo ezintathu zama-cones ngokobude begagasi esikhuluma ngazo; thayipha L uma ubude bude (umbala obomvu), thayipha uM uma umaphakathi (umbala oluhlaza) bese uthayipha u-S, uma umfushane (umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka).
Ama-cones akhiqiza amasignali athunyelwa nge-optic nerve ezindaweni zobuchopho bethu ezinomthwalo wemfanelo wokuhumusha ulwazi oluthunyelwe kuzo.
Uyini uthingo futhi lwakhiwe kanjani?
Lesi sigameko semvelo esikhuluma ngaso, ibonakala esibhakabhakeni semizi yethu lapho imisebe yelanga idlula ezinhlayiyeni zamanzi ezilenga ongqimbeni lomkhathi, okwenza kube namakhothamo ayisikhombisa anemibala ehlukahlukene.
Abanye babhekisela kuyo ngokuthi a ibhande elikhanyayo elethula imibala ehlukene ngenxa yokubola okutholwe ukukhanya. Lapho sima ngokucophelela ukuze siyibuke, siyabona ukuthi inokwakheka kwekhothamo, yingakho ithola igama.
Lapho umsebe udlula ethonsini lamanzi, uyawuhlukanisa ube nemibala esiyibona othini lwenkosazana, ngesikhathi esifanayo lapho luwuphambukisa.. Okusho ukuthi, umsebe wokukhanya ubonakala kokubili lapho uthintana namanzi nalapho uphuma kulelothonsi. Ngayinye yalezi zithonsi ingabonakala ngombala ohlukile, ngakho lawo afanayo avame ukuhlangana ndawonye ukuze enze umbukiso esikhuluma ngawo.
Yimiphi imibala eyakha uthingo?
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U-Isaac Newton ngonyaka ka-1664 embukisweni wezwe owawuse-United Kingdom, wathenga ama-prism. Ngalesi sinyathelo, kwaba indlela usosayensi akwazi ngayo ukusibonisa indlela imvelo esebenza ngayo lapho ilanga livela isikhashana.
Lo mlingiswa obalulekile wasifundisa ukuthi ngalezi zinto ezimbili umbala awushintshi, nakuba i-engeli iyashintsha. Ngalokhu kutholakala, waqinisekisa ngayo yonke imibala ehlanzekile kanye nesamba sayo, kwaholela ekukhanyeni okumhlophe. Lokhu kumake ngaphambi nangemuva emkhakheni wesayensi nokuxhumana.
Imibala ngamagagasi futhi kanjalo, ngamunye wabo unobude obuhlukile kunabanye. Ubude, njengoba sibonile esigabeni esandulele, bude uma buseduze nombala obomvu. Ngokushesha nje lapho ukukhanya okumhlophe kungena ku-prism, umbala ngamunye esiwaziyo uthatha indlela ehlukile.
Imibala esiyibona othini lwenkosazane, lapho ukukhanya kwelanga kudlula amathonsi ashiywe yimvula, yilena elandelayo: okubomvu, okusawolintshi, okuphuzi, okuluhlaza okotshani, okusacyan, okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nokuluhlaza. Empeleni, akuyona le mibala eyisikhombisa kuphela esiyiqambe igama eyenza lesi simo, kodwa kunemibala ehlukahlukene lapho ngisho namakhulu ayo angabonakala khona.
Umbala wokuqala: obomvu
Okubomvu njengoba sisanda kukhombisa, Umbala wokuqala ovela uthingo lwenkosazana olwenze i-arc yalo yangaphandle futhi onobude begagasi ende.. Omunye wemibala iso lethu lomuntu eliwugqamisa kalula uma siwubuka.
Umbala wesibili: osawolintshi
Njalo, umbala wesibili owakha lesi simo esimangalisayo uvela ngaphansi nje kobomvu. Esimweni esinjalo, Sikhuluma ngomunye wemibala okunzima kakhulu ukuthi sihlukanise uthingo kusukela, ijwayele ukuxubana nokubomvu futhi ilahlekelwe ukubonakala.
Umbala wesithathu: Ophuzi
Umbala olandelayo ekwakhiweni kothingo, ngemva kokuwolintshi. Omunye wemibala evelele kakhulu yento ngenxa yombala wayo onamandla. Ngenxa yalokhu, umbala ophuzi ugqamile kuyo yonke eminye imibala futhi ungomunye obonakala kakhulu. Uma kwenzeka uthingo luvela esibhakabhakeni esikhanyayo nesinelanga, lo mbala kuyodingeka unyamalale.
Umbala wesine: oluhlaza
Siyaqhubeka nokulandelana lapho singabuka khona imibala yothingo futhi sisebuhlaza, obungaphansi kwekhothamo eliphuzi. Njengeminye imibala, ngezikhathi ezithile kunzima kakhulu ukuhlukanisa nokuningi, uma kwenzeka njengoba kwenzeka esikhathini esidlule sizithola siphambi kwesibhakabhaka esicacile nesiluhlaza.
Umbala wesihlanu: cyan
Umbala wesihlanu owakha uthingo futhi omunye wezinto ezingabonakali kalula ngeso lomuntu. Ezikhathini eziningi kuyenzeka lokho lo mbala o-cyan uvame ukuhlangana nombala wesibhakabhaka oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngakho-ke asikwazi ukuwuhlukanisa ngokuqondile. Ukuhlukaniswa kwawo kulula kakhulu, lapho uthingo luvela esibhakabhakeni esinamafu noma esimpunga.
Umbala wesithupha: oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka
Obizwa nangokuthi umbala we-indigo, umbala wesithupha ovela othinini. Ubude bayo begagasi bungaba bohlobo M, okungukuthi, ubukhulu obuphakathi maqondana nayo yonke eminye imibala. Ngalo mbala kwenzeka into engavamile futhi ukuthi, kunzima ukulihlukanisa futhi ngenxa yalokhu kukhona abacabanga ukuthi uthingo lwakhiwe ngemibala eyisithupha esikhundleni sesikhombisa.
Umbala wesikhombisa: onsomi
Sifika embaleni wokugcina owakha uthingo, lowo onobude obufushane kakhulu, umbala o-violet. Ingxube phakathi kwalo mbala nokuphakama kwawo, okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kungenzeka, kodwa Cishe zonke izikhathi lapho uthingo luvela khona, kulula ukulubona ngeso lenyama.
Ingabe imicibisholo emibili ingavela ngesikhathi esisodwa?
Ngokuqinisekile, izikhathi ezingaphezu kwesisodwa ngemva kosuku lwemvula, uye wabheka phezulu esibhakabhakeni wathola hhayi uthingo olulodwa nje kuphela kodwa ezimbili. Lo mcimbi ungenzeka futhi sikhuluma ngothingo oluphindwe kabili.
Lesi sigameko esikhuluma ngaso akuvamile ukubonwa, ngoba senzeka lapho imisebe yelanga idlula engxenyeni yamaconsi amanzi futhi siyakwazi ukuyibona, ngenxa yokuphindaphindeka okwenzeka ngaphakathi kwaleli consi. Okungukuthi, kukhona amabhampa amabili futhi lokhu kubangela imisebe ukuba iwele futhi ishiye iconsi kwelinye icala.
Ngalo mphumela ongavamile, yindlela okukhiqizwa ngayo imicibisholo emibili noma imicibisholo yesibili, engaphansi kweyodwa eyinhloko, ukuyibiza ngandlela-thile. Ukuqina kwalo thingo lwesibili kuncane kakhulu, njengoba imisebe inamandla amancane ekubhampini.. Amagagasi akha imibala anobubanzi obukhulu futhi ngaphezu kwalokho, imibala ivela ngokuhlehla ngokulandelana esikushilo ngaphambili.
Kungenzeka yini ukubona uthingo oluphelele?
Njengoba sonke sazi, Uthingo ngempela luyindilinga, nakuba sibona uhhafu kuphela. Okuvame kakhulu ukuthi uma ibonakala esibhakabhakeni sethu, sibona amakhothamo esihlala siyibona, lokhu kungenxa yokuthi siphezu komhlaba.
Uma ufuna ukubona uthingo oluphelele, ngaphezu kweqiniso lokuthi uchungechunge lwezici kufanele lugcwaliseke kulo, kwakuzodingeka uzibeke phezu komhlaba, ngaphezu kweqiniso lokuthi uthingo kufanele luvele endaweni engenazo izithiyo.
Akwanele ukuya entabeni, uma sindiza futhi kubonakala lesi sigameko, kungaba lula ukubonga lolu thingo oluphelele esikhuluma ngalo. Isenzakalo esimangalisayo, okufanele sisijabulele kanye empilweni.
Sithemba ukuthi imininingwane esikunike yona mayelana nemibala yothingo nokuthi yakhiwe kanjani, ibe usizo kuwe futhi ikufundise izinto obungazazi ngaphambilini. Kusukela manje kuqhubeke, sithemba ukuthi njalo lapho usuku lwemvula luphuma futhi kuvela uthingo, uzokwazisa lokho imvelo esinikeza yona, into eyingqayizivele egcwele ubuhle. Ungakwazi yini ukuhlukanisa imibala eyisikhombisa eyiqamba? Ingabe kuzovela uthingo oluphindwe kabili?