Sonke sazi kahle ukuthi iyini inkolo yobuKatolika nokuthi le mfundiso yobuKristu isibe kanjani inkolo enabalandeli abaningi emhlabeni jikelele, kodwa uyawazi umsuka wayo nomlando wayo?
Ezigabeni ezilandelayo sizozama ukuphenya ngemvelaphi yobuKhatholika kanye nezisekelo eziholele ekuqashelweni kukaKristu emhlabeni wonke, siqinisekise ukuthi eminyakeni eyizi-2000 emva kokufa kwakhe umoya wakhe kanye nefa lakhe liyaqhubeka kugcinwa liphila.
Umehluko phakathi kobuKristu nobuKatolika
Ngaphambi kokungena esihlokweni, kulula ukwenza i-nuance encane ukuze uqonde umehluko phakathi kwala magama amabili, abantu abaningi abawadidayo futhi abhekisela ezintweni ezahlukene.
UbuKrestu yinkolo esekela ukholo lwayo ezimfundisweni zikaKristu futhi ehlanganisa amaBandla ahlukene ewonke. ukuthi, ezisekelwe kuJesu waseNazaretha, zinezincazelo ezihlukahlukene zendlela yokulandela imfundiso.
Ngakho-ke, ubuKatolika buyigatsha lobuKristu, onegunya eliphakeme kunawo wonke uPapa, nendlunkulu yayo eseDolobheni laseVatican. ISonto LamaKatolika yilona elinabalandeli abaningi phakathi kobuKristu.
Umsuka nomlando wobuKatolika
Sikwazi kahle lokho umlando wobuKristu uyazalwa njengoba uJesu Kristu enyukela ezulwini. Kungaleso sikhathi nje lapho izimfundiso ayenomthwalo wemfanelo wokuzisakaza ekuphileni ziqala ukusabalala ngabafundi bakhe.
Nokho, inkolo yayinobunzima ekuzuzeni ukubaluleka kwayo emakhulwini okuqala eminyaka okuphila, njengoba yayinqatshelwe uMbuso WamaRoma kwaze kwaba unyaka ka-380 lapho uMbusi uTheodosius eyenza inkolo esemthethweni, eqeda ukulihlanganisa njengenkolelo eyinhloko.
Iphuzu liwukuthi ngendlela ezinzile noma engaphansi, inkolo yobuKristu yahlala ingashintshile phakathi neNkathi Ephakathi, ngaphandle kwe-Great Schism, eyaveza ukuhlukana phakathi kwamaBandla aseMpumalanga naseNtshonalanga ekhulwini le-XNUMX.
Kodwa ushintsho olukhulu, ngaphandle kokungabaza, lwafika neNkathi Yesimanje noma, ikakhulukazi uma kungenzeka, ekhulwini le-XNUMX. Nakuba ngokumangalisayo kwakuyikhulunyaka lapho inkolo yobuKristu yazuza khona ukusabalala ibe indawo entsha njengeMelika, futhi bekuyikhulu elinesiyaluyalu kakhulu ngaphakathi kuwo wonke umlando wayo.
Phakathi kwezimbangela eziningi ezaholela ekwehlukaneni kwangaphakathi kobuKristu kunesibalo esigqama ngaphezu kwazo zonke ezinye, okuwukuthi UMartin Luther. Lesi sazi sefilosofi nesazi sezenkolo somsuka waseJalimane waveza ukungavumelani kwakhe nezenzo ezithile zeSonto futhi kwabangela ukuvela komsinga wamaProthestani ukuwalungisa.
Imibono eyamenyezelwa uLuther yasakazeka, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokuthi ekhulwini leminyaka elandulele umshini wokunyathelisa wasungulwa ngokuqondile eJalimane, futhi abantu abaningi ngokwengeziwe babehlanganyela imicabango yakhe futhi bephikisana nobupapa.
Ubukhulu benkinga yeBandla ukuthi, naphezu kokunganaki kakhulu ekuqaleni, laphoqeleka ukuba liphendule ngokusemthethweni kubuProthestani ngobizo. Izinguquko Zokuphikisana, okwakuhloswe ngakho ukuvuselela isithombe semfundiso futhi kuvimbele ukuhlanganiswa kwamaBandla ahlukene ayesungulwa.
I-Counter-Reformation yaqala ngo-1545 ngoMkhandlu waseTrent., kodwa izohlanganisa inkathi engaphezu kweminyaka eyi-100 lapho kwakukhona ngisho nezingxabano ezibalulekile zempi ngenxa yalesi simo.
Nge-Counter-Reformation singakusho lokho UbuKatolika buzalwa ngokusemthethweni njengoba silazi namuhla, lizihlukanisa ngokucacile nazo zonke ezinye izimfundiso zamaProthestani ezazidlondlobala eYurophu Ephakathi naseziqhingini zaseBrithani.
Kakade ngokufika kweNkathi Yesimanje, iSonto LamaKatolika laphinde lathola indawo emazweni amaningi amukela imibono yobuProthestani, kodwa laphinde lathinteka isenzakalo esingokomlando, kulokhu iNguquko YaseFrance.
UbuKristu bavinjelwa ngisho naseFrance ekupheleni kwekhulu le-XNUMX., ngesinye sezikhathi ezimbi kakhulu inkolo yamaKatolika eye yabhekana nazo ezweni laseGallic. Ukufika kukaNapoleon, owayekade esebenzisana neSonto LamaKhatholika, nakho kwaba nemiphumela ebalulekile selokhu athatha iRoma, ethatha ubukhosi phezu kwezifunda zopapa kwaze kwaba ukuwa kwayo, kusukela ngo-1815.
Ilukuluku lobuKatolika
Sesixoxile ngemininingwane ethokozisayo njengokuthi ubuKhatholika buyinkolo ethembeke kakhulu emhlabeni, enabalandeli abacishe babe yizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-1300, kodwa Nazi ezinye ilukuluku esiqiniseka ukuthi lizokumangaza futhi na ngaphezulu:
- Amathempeli amathathu amaKhatholika amakhulu kunawo wonke emhlabeni yilawa: iSaint Peter's eVatican, iBasilica of Our Lady Aparecida (Brazil) kanye neCathedral of Seville (Spain), ngalolo hlelo.
- Kunabangcwele abangaphezu kuka-10.000 abaye baqashelwa iSonto LamaKatolika kuwo wonke umlando walo.
- Cishe ingxenye yabaphristi beBandla lamaKhatholika (44%) benza imisebenzi yabo eYurophu. Izwekazi lesibili elinabantu abaningi kakhulu iMelika (16%), kanti elinabantu abambalwa kakhulu yi-Oceania (1%).
- IMisa laPhakathi kwamabili eligujwa ngo-December 24 ngobusuku obandulela olwandulela uKhisimusi lithola leli gama elingavamile ngoba ekuqaleni kwale nkonzo, ekhulwini lesi-XNUMX, lalivame ukwenziwa “ekukhaleni kweqhude”, okungukuthi, phakathi kwamabili.