Imvelo iyikho konke okusungula indawo esihlala kuyo futhi iphazamisa amandla ethu okuphila emhlabeni, umoya esiwuphefumulayo, amanzi amboze ingxenye enkulu yomhlaba, izitshalo, izilwane ezisizungezile nokunye okuningi. Kulesi sihloko sibonisa wena Izici Zemvelo!
Iyini imvelo?
Igama elithi Imvelo liyinto engokoqobo ekuziphendukeleni kwemvelo, ngomqondo walo obambekayo, wamanje kanye nowesinothi, imvelo ichaza umhlaba ophilayo, owaxhashazwa futhi waguqulwa ngumuntu, ekugcineni, yizo zonke izakhi ezisizungezile futhi ezisivumela ukuba siphile kuwo. indawo ethile emhlabeni.
Imvelo ihlanganisa zonke izakhi ezizungeze uhlobo lwezilwane neziluvumela ukuba luphile, indawo esihlala kuyo iwukusekela kwethu okubalulekile, yakhiwe imvelo kanye nezingxenye zayo: umoya, amanzi, umkhathi, amadwala, izitshalo, izilwane, nokho, indawo yethu ezungezile iyisici esiyinhloko sokuphila kwethu, ithinteka ngokuyingozi emisebenzini yethu, empeleni, imvelo (umoya, inhlabathi, amanzi) ingcoliswe kakhulu .
Izici Zemvelo
I-Las izici zemvelo Yilezi ezilandelayo:
Izinto eziphilayo
Yonke into ephilayo, noma isidalwa esiphilayo, sihlala endaweni, imvelo yento ephilayo iqukethe yonke into eyizungezile, umoya, amanzi, ukukhanya kwelanga nomhlabathi ngezinye zezinto ezisizungezile. izibonelo zemvelo, indawo ezungezile inikeza isilwane ngasinye konke esikudingayo ukuze siphile.
Kuwo wonke uMhlaba kunezinhlobo eziningi ezahlukene zezitshalo nezilwane ezilungele ikakhulukazi ukuhlala endaweni yazo, nokho, indawo ezungezile ngezinye izikhathi ingaba yingozi ezintweni eziphilayo eziyingxenye yawo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi imvelo ngayinye ihluke kangakanani, zonke zine into eyodwa efanayo, zihlale zishintsha, izitshalo nezilwane kumele zisabele kulezi zinguquko ukuze ziphile.
Umoya
Imvelo imele umoya esiwuphefumulayo, njengoba lokho kuyisilinganiso esigcwele salokho esikubiza ngokuthi ukungcoliswa komoya, nokho imiphumela kubantu nasemvelweni ibonakala kakhulu: isimo sezulu siyashintsha, izinhlobo ezingavamile zezilwane kanye Nezitshalo zisongelwa, amachibi ayaba ne-asidi, izakhiwo ziyaguguleka, njll.
Amanzi
Amanzi abelwe futhi alawulwa ngokukhethekile ukuthuthukisa impilo yemifula, Amaxhaphozi futhi izikhukhula zaziwa ngokuthi amanzi emvelo, imifula, imifudlana, namaxhaphozi adlala indima ebalulekile ekugcineni imiphakathi enempilo kanye nezomnotho, ukuhlinzeka ngoxhumano lwendawo yonke kubantu, izitshalo, nezilwane ngezinzuzo ezidlulela ngaphesheya kosebe lomfula.
Ukutshalwa kwamahlathi
Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi ukugawulwa kwamahlathi kungaba nemithelela eminingi emihle emhlabeni owonakele, okuhlanganisa ukongiwa kwenhlabathi endaweni eyonakele ngokunciphisa ukuguguleka kwenhlabathi, kanye nokwandisa izinto eziphilayo zenhlabathi, ukuthuthukisa ukwakheka kwenhlabathi, ukuchithwa kwe-carbon, ukwandisa ukuhamba kwamabhayisikili izakhi, ukuhlinzeka ngendawo yokuhlala yezilwane zasendle. , ngcono Ukuhlukahluka kwezidalwa eziphilayo kanye nokusebenzisana kwazo, Ukukhiqiza izimpilo zabalimi ngokuvumela i-agroforestry okufaka ingcindezi endaweni yamahlathi.
Ukuqedwa kwamahlathi
Ukugawulwa kwamahlathi kuwukugawulwa, ukulahlekelwa noma ukususwa kwezihlahla ngamabomu, ngendlela yemvelo noma ngengozi, kungenzeka kunoma iyiphi indawo eminyene ethuthukiswe izihlahla nezinye izinhlobo zezitshalo, kodwa okuningi kwakho okwenzekayo njengamanje emahlathini emvula ase-Amazon.
Ukuwohloka kwezihlahla nezinye izindawo zezitshalo kungase kubangele ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu, ukuguguleka kwenhlabathi, ukusweleka kwezitshalo, izikhukhula, ukwanda kwamagesi abamba ukushisa emkhathini, kanye nochungechunge lokuphazamiseka kwabantu bomdabu.
Izingozi zendawo
Ulwazi olusebenzayo lokuma komhlaba lubalulekile ekuphishekeleni okuhlukahlukene kwesayensi, abahloli bahlola isimo sezwe, abadwebi bamabalazwe basebenzela ukumela ngokunembile ukukhululeka emabalazweni besebenzisa izindlela ezifana nemigqa ekhonkolo noma i-Irregular Triangulated Network, kanye nama-geomorphologists acwaninga Umsuka nokuvela kwezingozi zendawo.
Ukushisa
Izinga lokushisa lendawo lincike ngaphezu kwakho konke esimweni sale ndawo eMhlabeni (i-latitude yayo), izindawo zezulu zinqunywa ngokwalesi simo, izinga lokushisa liyehla lisuka enkabazwe liya ngasezigxotsheni, izindawo ezibandayo ziseduze nezigxobo. , izindawo ezishisayo ezinhlangothini zombili zenkabazwe, kanye nezindawo ezipholile phakathi kwezindawo ezishisayo nezibandayo.
Izinsizakusebenza ezingavuselelwa
Yonke imithombo yamandla inomthelela othile kuye ngokuthi izinhlobo zemveloIsibonelo, izinto zokubasa ezimbiwa phansi njengamalahle, uwoyela, negesi yemvelo zenza umonakalo omkhulu kunemithombo yamandla avuselelekayo ngezinyathelo eziningi, njengoba kwenza ukungcoliswa komoya namanzi, ukulimala kwezempilo yomphakathi, ukuguga nokuklebhula izilwane zasendle nendawo yokuhlala, ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi, ukusetshenziswa komhlaba, kanye ukufudumala kwembulunga yonke.
Izinsiza ezingavuseleleki
Amandla angavuselelwa akhiphela i-carbon dioxide, i-methane namanye amagesi emkhathini, lawa aziwa ngokuthi ama-greenhouse gases ngoba ngendlela efanayo ne-greenhouse edala umoya ofudumele wezitshalo, amagesi adala umphumela wokufudumala kuyo yonke into. izinhlobo ezahlukene zezinto ezivuthayo zikhulula amazinga ahlukene amagesi abamba ukushisa, kanti amalahle akhiqiza kakhulu.
Ukusebenzisa kabusha
Ukugaywa kabusha kunciphisa isidingo sokukhishwa nokugawulwa, ukucwengwa kanye nokucutshungulwa kwezinto ezingavuthiwe, konke okukhiqiza ukungcoliswa komoya okubalulekile namanzi, njengoba ukuvuselela konga amandla, futhi kunciphisa ukubonakaliswa kwamagesi abamba ukushisa, okusiza ukubhekana nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu.
Ukubaluleka Kwendawo Ezungezile
I-Environment ibaluleke kakhulu empilweni yethu yansuku zonke, iyikho konke okusizungezile, kungaba izinhlobo eziphilayo noma ezingaphili, iqukethe amandla angokwenyama, amakhemikhali kanye namanye amandla emvelo, izinto eziphilayo zihlala endaweni yazo, zixhumana nazo ngokuqhubekayo. kanye noshintsho ekuphenduleni izimo endaweni abahlala kuyo.
- Imvelo idlala indima ebalulekile empilweni enempilo yabantu.
- Ibalulekile ngoba iwukuphela kwekhaya abantu abanalo futhi inikeza umoya, ukudla, nezinye izidingo.
- Lonke uhlelo lokusekela ukuphila kwesintu luncike enhlalakahleni yazo zonke izici zemvelo.
- Imvelo idlala indima ebalulekile ekulawuleni umoya nesimo sezulu.
- Esinye isizathu esenza indawo ezungezile ibaluleke kangaka ukuthi iwumthombo wobuhle bemvelo, futhi iyadingeka ukuze ube nempilo efanele engokomzimba nengqondo.
Ukuguqulwa Kwemvelo
Izingozi ezinkulu zemvelo emhlabeni wonke empilweni yabantu zihlanganisa ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu, ukuwohloka kwe-ozone endaweni ezungezile, ukuguquka kwesimiso sezinto eziphilayo ngenxa yokulahleka kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo, izinguquko ezinhlelweni ze-hydrological kanye nokunikezwa kwamanzi ahlanzekile, ukucekelwa phansi komhlaba, ukufudukela emadolobheni kanye nokucindezeleka ezinhlelweni ezikhiqiza ukudla.
Izinkinga Zemvelo
Enye yezinkinga eziyinhloko ukushiswa kwezinto zokubasa ezimbiwa phansi, ukugawulwa kwamahlathi kwezolimo kanye nemisebenzi yezimboni kukhuphule ukugxila kwe-CO2 emkhathini wezingxenye ezingu-280, kuwukwanda okungakaze kubonwe ngaphambili, kokubili ngobukhulu nangesivinini, umphumela ukuguqulwa kwesimo sezulu.
Amahlathi asendle anothe ngezinhlobo zezilwane nawo ayacekelwa phansi, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezishisayo, ngokuvamile ukuze kuvuleke indawo yokufuya izinkomo, amasimu e-soya noma amafutha esundu noma ezinye izinhlobo zezolimo, izilwane zasendle zizingelwa ukuze ziqothulwe ukuze ziqothulwe inyama yezilwane zasendle, izinyo lendlovu noma "imithi yokwelapha." "imikhiqizo.
Ukungcola
Ukungcola kuyinkinga enkulu kuwo wonke umhlaba, ngoba indlela yesimanje yokuphila, ikakhulukazi emazweni acebile, ingcolisa kakhulu indawo eseduze nekude. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi izinhlayiya ezinhle ezikhishwa ezinjinini ezivuthayo, iziphazamisi ze-endocrine, eziqala nje ukukala umthelela empilweni yomuntu, ukukhishwa kwe-nitrate kusuka emithonjeni yezolimo kuya endaweni. Imifula, noma ngisho Ku-radioactivity yemvelaphi yomuntu, yethu imvelo kungcoliswe kakhulu kunalokhu okhokho bethu ababekwazi, ngisho nabaseduze.
izinhlekelele zemvelo
Izinhlekelele zemvelo zinomthelela omubi kakhulu emvelweni, lezi zinhlekelele ngokuvamile azihlali isikhathi esifushane kodwa zinomthelela waphakade ezilwaneni nasezitshalweni ezihlala endaweni ethintekile, ngezinye izikhathi izinhlekelele zemvelo zishintsha indawo ezungezile kangangokuthi umonakalo we-ecosystem. okungenakulungiseka, kwezinye izimo, umonakalo wendawo ungaquleka futhi indawo yokuhlala ilungiswe.
Imfucuza enobuthi nemfucuza eyingozi
Imfucumfucu enobuthi ibalimaza kalula abantu, izilwane nezitshalo.Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi iphelela emhlabathini, emifudlaneni, noma ngisho nasemkhathini, obunye ubuthi, njenge-mercury nomthofu, buhlala iminyaka eminingi endaweni ezungezile futhi bugcinwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, abantu. noma izilwane zasendle zihlale zicosha lezi zinto ezinobuthi lapho zidla izinhlanzi noma ezinye izisulu.
Ukulondolozwa Kwemvelo
Cabangela zonke izingxenye zemvelo, okuhlanganisa izihlahla, izilwandle, nomhlabathi, izihlahla ezisisiza ukuba siphefumule ziphinde zihlukanise amagesi abamba ukushisa angabangela ukufudumala koMhlaba, kubambe inhlabathi endaweni, futhi zihlunge ngokwemvelo amanzi amuncwa amanzi. inhlabathi.
Kuningi okumele kwenziwe uma kuziwa ekwakhiweni kabusha kanye nasekuvikeleni lokho okusele kwingcebo yemvelo kanye nezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo ngaphakathi kwe-ecosystem yethu, ukongiwa kwemvelo kuyigama eliyisambulela elichaza konke esikwenzayo ukuvikela iplanethi yethu kanye nokonga imithombo yayo yemvelo. ingaba nempilo engcono.
Umthelela womhlaba wonke endaweni ezungezile
Ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu kuthinta yonke iplanethi yethu, kusukela ezilwaneni zasendle kuya endleleni yayo yesimo sezulu, izibalo ezingezansi azihloselwe ukukuthusa, kodwa kunalokho zidweba isithombe salokho esibhekene nakho ngempela.
Umphumela we-greenhouse nokufudumala kwembulunga yonke
Umkhathi womhlaba usebenza njenge-greenhouse enkulu yengilazi, njengoba imisebe yelanga ingena emkhathini wethu iningi layo liqhubekela phezulu emhlabeni, lapho lifika emhlabathini namanzi angaphezulu, leyo misebe ikhipha amandla ayo amaningi ngendlela yokushisa, amanye ukushisa kubuyiselwa emkhathini.
Nokho, amanye amagesi asemkhathini wethu, njenge-carbon dioxide, i-methane, nomhwamuko wamanzi, asebenza njengengubo ukuze agcine lokho kushisa.Lokhu kusiza ukufudumala umkhathi wethu.Amagesi akwenza lokhu ngokumunca ukushisa. Ubuso bomhlaba.
Lawa magesi ateketiswa ngokuthi "amagesi abamba ukushisa" ngenxa yomphumela wawo wokubamba ukushisa. Ngaphandle "komphumela we-greenhouse," Umhlaba ubungabanda kakhulu ukusekela izinhlobo eziningi zokuphila.
Ukubhujiswa kongqimba lwe-ozone
I-ozone layer ingenye yezingqimba ezingenhla zomkhathi weplanethi yethu, naphezu kokuqina kwayo okuncane (imvamisa iqhathaniswa nekhasi lencwadi ehlobene nomtapo wezincwadi wonke), ivikela izitshalo nezilwane zoMhlaba kuma-shortwave ayingozi. imisebe ye-ultraviolet evela eLangeni.
Ngaphandle kongqimba lwe-ozone, amagciwane amaningi abalulekile esimisweni sezinto eziphilayo angaba ngaphansi kokucekelwa phansi, izitshalo nezilwane bekungaba ngaphansi kokuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo, futhi ukubona izilwane nabantu bekuyothinteka kakhulu.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi i-ozone ngokwayo iyinto eyingozi, ethinta kabi impilo yomuntu ngobuningi, inomthelela ezinqubweni ezibhubhisayo emaphashini omuntu, ukuguga ngaphambi kwesikhathi kwezicubu, njll.
Kodwa ingxenye yayo emkhathini incane kakhulu, cishe i-0,0001%, iphunga le-ozone lingazwakala ngemva kokuduma kwezulu okukhulu, ukubhujiswa kwe-ozone ukwakheka kwemigodi ye-ozone lapho ingena khona emisebeni ye-ultraviolet.
Imvula ye-asidi
Imvula ene-asidi igama elivamile lemvula equkethe ama-asidi oxides (imvamisa isibabule noma i-nitrogen), ngaphezu kwalokho, ingase ingabi uketshezi, kodwa futhi inkungu, iqhwa, isichotho, uthuli noma amagesi, esimweni sakamuva, igama elithi "deposition" iyasetshenziswa.yomile”.
Izimvula ezine-asidi ziyingozi kuwo wonke umuntu. imvelo, akuthinti izitshalo kuphela, kodwa futhi izakhiwo, ukulimaza izikhumbuzo zezakhiwo, ukususa ifilimu evikelayo emaqabunga esihlahla futhi kuvimbele ukukhula kwawo, ngaphezu kwalokho, imvula enjalo ingashintsha ukwakheka komhlabathi futhi ingcolise imizimba yamanzi , ibenze ingafaneleki ukuphila.