The common thrush (Turdus philomelos) ishiri inonzi passerine yemhuri turdidae vane nhengo dzinowanzodomwa se trushes, blackbirds kana thrushes. KuSpain, shiri tsvuku ndiyo inonyanya kuzivikanwa shiri uye inowanzovhiringika netrush kana mamwe marudzi ethrush, kunyange zvazvo akasiyana.
The common thrush is a medium-size shiri, yemasango ekugara uye omnivorous kudya. Inoparadzirwa muEurasia yose uye chikamu cheNorth Africa. Ruvara rwayo ibrown, nemusana webrown uye dumbu rakaita yero kana kuti cream rine mavara matema kana mashava. Iyo yakafanana zvikuru ne thrush charlo, iyo yakanyatsobatana nayo. Kana uchida kuziva zvakawanda nezveshiri iyi inoimba inoyevedza, muchinyorwa chino tinokuzivisai common thrush: chii uye ndeapi maitiro ayo.
Iyo thrush kana yakajairika thrush: chii uye ndeapi maitiro ayo makuru
Mumitsetse inotevera iwe uchadzidza nenzira iri nyore zvese zvaunoda kuziva nezve common thrush: chii uye ndeapi maitiro ayo. Iwe unozoona zviri nyore kuti iyi mhuka diki inotaridzika yakaita sei uye uchanzwisisa nzira yayo yekubereka uye zvese zvine chekuita nemaitiro ayo nenzvimbo yekugovera. takatanga.
Chii chinonzi thrush? Kirasi pfupi pane taxonomy
Chirwere chinowanikwa ishiri yehurongwa passerine iyo ndeyemhuri turdidae y ine nzvimbo yakakura yekugovera ine nzvimbo muEurasia neNorth Africa. Parizvino haina kunyorwa semhuka dziri mungozi yekutsakatika.
ari passerines ivo vakuru kurongeka de shiri yehukuru hwepakati inovhara inopfuura hafu ye mhando cheshiri pasi rose uye dzinowanzozivikanwa se "shiri", shiri dzenziyo kana shiri dzinoimba. Ivo isango, vazhinji vanotama. Nechikonzero ichi, thrushes uye mamwe marudzi eshiri ane aya maitiro anorongedzerwa akasarudzika se "shiri".
ari turdid zvino shiri dzose kana shiri dzinopfuura dzemhuri turdidae, vane nhengo dzinowanzodomwa kuti trushes, blackbirds kana thrushes.
Kune huwandu hwe mhando dze thrushes uye panguva ino protagonist wedu ndiye thrush. Izvo zvakakosha kuti usazvikanganise neyakajairwa shiri, nhema nhema ine muromo weorenji yakajairika muSpain (turdus merula)
Zvidzidzo zveMolecular zvinoratidza kuti common thrush (Turdus philomelos) ine hukama hwepedyo ne charlo thrush (zvese zviri zviviri zvakafanana minhenga) uye iyo Mongolian thrush. Aya marudzi matatu ndiwo aizova ekutanga kuonekwa mukati memutsara wethrush, kubva kwavakasiyana uye vakapararira pasi rose. Izvi zvinoreva kuti marudzi matatu ataurwa aya ari kure kure neEuropean thrushes, seyakajairika shiri, iyo yavanoshamwaridzana nayo zvakanyanya.
Ndiwo maitiro ako makuru
The common thrush is a medium-size shiri (inoyera pakati pe20-23,5 cm uye inorema 50-107g) ine minhenga inopindirana nemasango, iyo huru inogara. Iine torso yebrown uye dumbu rayo rakaita yero kana kuti kirimu, ine madiki uye akawanda matema matema kana makwapa matema. Nechepasi kwemapapiro kunodziya yero, the bhiri reyero uye makumbo epingi nezvigunwe.
Vese varume nevakadzi vane hunhu uhu, saka imhando ine dimorphism shoma kana isina.
Aya maitiro akafanana chaizvo neaya emu charlo thrush, ane ukama hwepedyo naye sezvatatotaura.
Range uye pekugara
Thrushes inogara munzvimbo yakakura yeEurasian ndima uye zvakare chikamu cheNorth Africa. Ishiri dzinotama dzinogara munzvimbo dzechando munguva yekuberekesa.
Saka tichawana thrush yakajairika munzvimbo zhinji dzeEurope, ichipfuura nemuRussia neSiberia kuenda kuMiddle East neNorth Africa.
passerines ishiri dzinogara musango, saka tichaona trushes dzichigara mukati memasango. Vanogonawo kuwanikwa munzvimbo dzakarimwa uye mapindu, uye mune dzimwe nzvimbo pedyo negungwa munguva yechando. Nzvimbo yaro yekugovera yakakura zvekuti mamiriro ekunze akasiyana ayo anogona kufumurwa mathrush anoreva kuti nzvimbo dzavanogara dzinogona kuve dzakasiyana.
Ethology
The common thrush imhando yega, ine mukadzi mumwechete uye ine territorial.. Nokudaro, haisi kushamwaridzana, kunyange zvazvo zvichikwanisika kuvawana vachigovana nzvimbo nedzimwe shiri munguva yechando kana kuti vangosangana nemamwe mathrush akadai seshiri tsvuku, royal thrush kana red-winged thrush. Kusiyana nedziviri dzekupedzisira, dzinonyanya kutama-tama, twunhumbu tunowanzo dzokera kunzvimbo imwe chete yechando.
Rwiyo rwema thrushes rune hunhu, rune sonorous uye inonakidza melody, iyo yavanoburitsa zvakanyanya nekuda kwezvikonzero zvekubereka, kunyanya murume. kuratidza kusvika kwavo munharaunda munzvimbo dzekuberekesa.
Yekudyisa mhando
The common thrush is omnivore uye inodya mhuka dzakasiyana-siyana dzisina vertebrate, kunyanya honye nehozhwafuti michero yakapfava uye michero.
Inobata mhuka nyore nyore neziso rakashama nenzira yakafanana kune hama yayo shiri nhema: ichitsvanzvadzira nepakati pemashizha emusango, ichimhanya uye ichitsvaga pamhene.
Kubereka uye tarisiro yehupenyu
Murudzi urwu, mukono unongopindira pakusangana, basa rekubereka rinopiwa kumukadzi, uyo achabata ari ega nekuvaka dendere uye incubation yemazai.
Vanovaka dendere rakaita sendiro kubva mumadhaka nouswa hwakaoma. Vanowanzosarudza muti kana shrub, kunyange zvazvo mamwe ma subspecies angadaro pasi.
Mazai ane ruvara rwebhuruu rwakanaka uye runoshamisa., iyo inogona kunge iine mamwe mavara matema kana epepuru. Iwo madiki, 2,7 x 2,0 cm, uye anorema anenge 6 g.
Iyo incubation nguva inotora kubva pamazuva gumi kusvika ku10 uye nesting inoitika kaviri kana katatu pagore, kunze kweiyo mienzaniso kubva kuchamhembe kwenzvimbo yekugovera, iyo inongoita izvozvo kamwe chete pagore.
Hupenyu hunotarisirwa hwema thrushes makore matatu., kunyange zvazvo zera guru rakanyorwa kusvika nhasi riri makore gumi nemwedzi misere.