Thiomargarita akakudzwa padivi pedime [MUFANANIDZO NATOMAS TYML]
kuzvienzanisa pachiyero chevanhu zvinoita sekunge hofori dziriko kubva mungano. Uye handisi kureva hofori mazana emamita kureba, kana kuhofori dzakareba kunge skyscraper (semuenzaniso, Burj Khalifa inoyera 820m) asi hofori dzakakura seEverest, hofori dzinopfuura 8000m kureba. Ndiko manzwiro ayo mamwe mabhakitiriya anofanira kuve nawo kana uchifunga nezve yakanakisa thiodaisy.
Saizi yeiyo yakanakisa thiodaisy handicho chete chinokatyamadza kuti bhakitiriya iri rine, asi kuti tinzwisise zvakanaka, ngatitangei pakutanga:
Chii chinonzi mabhakitiriya?
"Ivo unicellular microorganisms pasina nucleus yakasiyana." Aya ndiwo maitiro atinogona kuwana tsananguro yebhakitiriya muRAE. Zvisinei, the yakanakisa thiodaisy inogona kuonekwa neziso rakashama, izvo zvisingaenderani netsanangudzo yebhakitiriya zvinozivikanwa kusvika zvino.
Mukuwedzera, ivo vakawanikwa kuvapo kwe "zvidimbu" zveDNA mu membrane yayo, iyo isingakodzeriwo tsananguro yebhakitiriya. Chimwe chinhu chatichataura nezvazvo zvishoma pazasi.
Zvakawanikwa sei? yakanakisa thiodaisy?
Tiri kutaura nezvekutsvaga kwave pedyo nenguva, kubva muna 2009. Mugore rino Olivier Gros, muongorori weFrance, akanga ari mumiti yemimango yechitsuwa cheGuadeloupe muCaribbean uye akacherechedza kuvapo kwe dzimwe shinda chena dzakatsetseka dzaive mumashizha ari kuora emvura tsvuku yemimango. Zvisinei, hazvaizove panguva iyi kuti zvakaonekwa kuti dzaive tushinda dziya.
Zita rako
Muna 2015, chiremba wekuMexico anonzi Silvina González Rizzo akakwanisa kunyatsoongorora tambo idzi ndokuona kuti. rakanga riri utachiona hwesarufa. Kubva panguva ino yaizogamuchira zita rokuti "Thiomargarita" nekuda kwekuonekwa kwemasero ayo uye kufanana neaionekwa sebhakitiriya guru kusvika zvino: the Thiomarguerite namibiensis. Ichi chikamu chekutanga chezita chinoreva "parera resarufa".
Chikamu chechipiri chezita rebhakitiriya iri (zvakanaka) Inouya kuzoratidza kusarudzika kwehukuru hwayo uye yakagadzirwa neMexico microbiologist.
Hukuru hwayo
Zvidzidzo pabhakitiriya iri zvakaenderera mberi uye angave ari mudzidzi wechiremba wemutsvagiri wechiFrench aizobudirira kutevedza genome yebhakitiriya iri rinokatyamadza. Kukura kwesero kwe yakanakisa thiodaisy Inopfuura nokure chero yaizivikanwa kare. Icho chokwadi chekuti bhakitiriya rinogona kuonekwa neziso rakashama rakashandura nyika ye microorganisms uye inguva yekufunga kuti tsanangudzo inofanira kuchinjwa. Isu taigona kuzviona sekungoona tabhu.
Kwenguva yakareba zvakanga zvafungwa kuti masero ebhakitiriya aisagona kuva akakura nokuda kwezvido zvavo. Kureva kuti, kukura kwakaita sero, ndipo parinotora simba rakawanda kuti rirarame uye rinotorawo chikafu chakawanda. The yakanakisa thiodaisy Iine sangano remaserura rinotama kubva kubhakitiriya (inozivikanwa kuva yekare yekare), yakafanana nemasero emiti nemhuka dzakanyanya kufambira mberi.
Masayendisiti anovimbisa kuti kuwanikwa uye kutsvagisa kwakatenderedza bhakitiriya iri kuchadaro zvakare batsira kuwana chikonzero chekuti eukaryotic genomes ari kukura uye kukura.
Hutsva hwako muDNA
Saizi haisi iyo chete inokatyamadza nezve bhakitiriya iri, vane chimiro chakaomarara kupfuura chero hutachiona hunozivikanwa: patsanura DNA kuita rudzi rwezvikamu zvinonzi magaka. Kureva kuti inochengeta DNA yayo mumapasuru madiki akatsvinda.
Mabhakitiriya ndiwo prokaryotes, kureva, unicellular organisms pasina cell nucleus, saka DNA yavo yakasununguka kana yakasununguka. Eukaryotes, kune rumwe rutivi, vane DNA yavo yakakomberedzwa nemvuropu. The yakanakisa thiodaisy Ibhakitiriya uye naizvozvo iri mukati meprokaryotes. Nekudaro, cell yako ine aya "nuggets" iyo inoputira DNA yesero. Mukuwedzera, genome yayo zvakare imwe yehukuru hweprokaryotes.
Kuwanikwa kwebhakitiriya iri, saka, kwakakosha nekuti inoita fungazve miganhu yebhakitiriya.
Mabhakitiriya haana sangano rakaoma reeukaryotes, kunyange isu hatifaniri kufunga nezvawo sezvisikwa zviri nyore zvakare. Utachiona hunogona kushandisa shuga, kukura pane akasiyana substrates, kutaurirana uye kuzvibata munharaunda, nezvimwe.
Iyo yakanakisa Thiomarguerite nhasi
Ibhakitiriya ichiri kudzidzwa uye kuti iri kufungazve nezvenyika yebhakitiriya. Panguva imwecheteyo, zvichabatsira kunzwisisa zviri nani mamwe marudzi ezvipenyu zvakadai seeukaryotes, apo isu vanhu tinozviwana pachedu.
Chimwe chinhu chinonakidza pamusoro pechisikigo ndechokuti mamiriyoni ezvinhu achiri kuda kuwanikwa uye kuti zvinhu izvi zvinogona kubvisa zvatainzwisisa semazuva ose. Zviri a chiyeuchidzo chenguva dzose chokuti tinofanira kuvhurika kune shanduko.