Muchinyorwa chino chinonakidza iwe uchadzidza chinyorwa chinonakidza zvikuru: the supercomputer. Iwe uchaziva nhoroondo yayo uye kunyanya iyo ine simba zvakanyanya uye mupiro wayo mukufambira mberi kwevanhu. Nakidzwa nekuverenga!
supercomputer
Kuchinjika kwebudiriro kune shanduko huru dzinopihwa tekinoroji, kunyanya iyo ine chekuita neruzivo, yakashandura maonero ekutora nyika senzvimbo iri kuita diki zuva rega rega, iyo inoona shanduko munzira chaiyo uye inonzwisisika yemanzwiro. .
Kugadzirwa kwemakomputa ari kuwedzera uye ane simba ari munharaunda yeruzhinji yevagari vemo. Tichatanga nekupa tsananguro yeiyi yakanaka kugadzirwa kwevanhu.
Kugadzira tsananguro yeSupercomputer harisi basa riri nyore. Zvisinei, kuitira kushandisa pfungwa iri nyore uye ine musoro, zvinogona kunzi: A Supercomputer mudziyo unogona kutariswa, mukusuma kwayo, sehupamhi hwemaitiro ayo uye kugona kuverenga, nehunyanzvi hwepamusoro kana tikaienzanisa ne. komputa.kombuta inoshandiswa zvakanyanya.
A Supercomputer inogonawo kunzwisiswa semhando ine simba uye inokurumidza yekombuta, yakagadzirirwa kugadzirisa huwandu hwakawanda hweruzivo munguva pfupi uye chete mukurapwa kwerimwe basa.
Mupfungwa iyi, vamwe vanogadzira mapurogiramu vanofunga kuti tsananguro chaiyo ingave yekutarisa Supercomputer sekombuta ine simba uye inokurumidza iripo pane imwe nguva. Iwo akakura muhukuru, anogona kugadzirisa huwandu hukuru hweruzivo nechinguva, kunanga nzvimbo chaiyo, uye ane hombe yekuchengetedza. Ngatitaure nezve mamiriro emudziyo uyu.
Historia
Mugore ra1960, kambani yeControl Data Corporation (CDC), VaSeymour Cray, yakaunza yekutanga Supercomputer, iyo yakatungamira mune inoshanda nzira, inoumbwa nehunyanzvi hwemakombuta, sekuchengetedza, kugadzirisa uye kumiririra mavhoriyamu makuru edata. nguva pfupi chaizvo. Heino pfupi biography yemugadziri wekutanga Supercomputer.
Seymour Grey akaberekerwa muChippewa Falls. Wisconsin United States, pana September 28, 1925 uye akafa pana Gumiguru 6, 1996 mutsaona inosuruvarisa yemotokari muColorado, United States. Akadzidza zveElectronic engineering muMinnesota. Seymour Grey anoonekwa sebaba veSupercomputers; chaainyanya kukoshesa kwaiva kusikwa nekuvandudzwa kwemudziyo uyu.
Muna 1957, kambani yeControl Data Corporation (CDC) yakavaka CDC 1604 supercomputer, yaive komputa yekutanga kushandisa transistors pachinzvimbo chevacuum chubhu, hutsva hwenguva iyoyo.
Nekufamba kwenguva uye nekuda kwekubudirira kunowanikwa nekuita kweSupercomputers, Seymour Craig akakurudzirwa kuzvimiririra uye kugadzira kambani yake muna 1970, inonzi Cray's Research. Chinhu kana zita rekambani rekambani iyi raive rekuzvitsaurira chete kune dhizaini nekuvaka kwemakomputa makuru uye kurongeka kwekutanga nemutengi.
Iyo CRAY-1 (1976), yaive modhi yakaiswa paLos Alamos National Laboratory, yaisanganisira vector processor pamwe ne scalar processor, yaifungidzirwa panguva iyoyo yaive yakakurumidza kwazvo pasirese, iyo yaive nehuremu hwemirioni imwe chete. 1-bit mazwi uye nguva yekutenderera ye64 nanoseconds. Kukosha kwayo kwakanyorwa pamamiriyoni gumi emadhora.
Kambani iyi yaive mutungamiri kwemakore mashanu akateedzana mumusika wesupercomputer, ichipa magadzirirwo matsva anochinjika kune zvinodiwa nevashandisi.
Mudziyo uyu unonzi CRAY-2 (1985), waive nekumhanya kwakapetwa ka6 kusvika ka12 kudarika wakautangira, waive nemazwi anosvika mamiriyoni mazana maviri nemakumi mashanu nemachipisi 250, sechinhu chakakosha. Mukati makanyudzwa nemvura inotonhorera. Pakati pegore ra240.000, pasi rose pakanga paine masisitimu anosvika zana nemakumi matatu erudzi urwu, ayo makumi mapfumbamwe acho akavakwa nerudzi rweCray.
Panguva ino, musika weSupercomputer unotongwa nemakambani akasimba akadai seIndustries Bussines Machines (IBM) neHewlett Packard (HP), ayo aita semakambani anotora mamwe makambani madiki, ane chinangwa chikuru chave chekuwana ruzivo mune zvakadaro. dynamic computer industry.
Hunhu hweiyo supercomputer
Imwe yeanonyanya kukosha maitiro eiyo supercomputer ine huwandu hwema processor uye yakakura ndangariro, iyo inobvumira huwandu hwakasiyana hwekuchengetedza hunobudirira hweiyo inoshanda system uye mafaera. Kukwanisa kwayo kuverenga kwakakwira zvakanyanya kana ichienzaniswa nemakomputa akajairika.
Muitiro wakanyanya kukosha wekuita unonambwa muhuwandu hwekuverenga hunoyerwa muFLOPS (Kushanda Mapoinzi Anoyerera paSekondi), iyo inonzwisiswa semasvomhu akaenzana neflop imwe pasekondi. (Zvakakosha kusimbisa kuti s harirevi kuvazhinji asi rechipiri s). Peta FLOPS, inhengo yakaenzana ne1000 Mabhirioni ekushanda pasekondi; zviri kuratidza kuratidza kuti IBM Summit inosvika pasimba re200 PetaFLOPS.
Nenzira iyi, iyo supercomputer inobvumira vashandisi vakawanda kuti vabatane panguva imwe chete uye kubva kure zviteshi kuenda kunzvimbo yedata, zvisinei, ine dhizaini neruremekedzo rwemhando yevashandisi, sezvo ava vari nyanzvi mukuferefeta kana mibvunzo.
Vatengi vanosarudza rudzi urwu rwetekinoroji, ndiko kuti, kubva pakuona kwezvinetso zvinogadziriswa, vanosarudza michina kuburikidza nemabhuku anokurudzirwa nemakambani anoparadzira aya matekinoroji.
Humwe hunhu hune hukama nehupamhi, sezvo kupinda kwayo kwakadzikira kwazvo kana kuti hapana munharaunda yakajairika, zvisinei, kukanganisa kukuru kune tekinoroji iyi munzvimbo dzekutsvagisa, mayunivhesiti, nzvimbo dzemari hazvirambike. NGOs uye mahofisi ehurumende ekushandisa uye kurapwa kwedatabase hombe kana mashandiro ane mavhoriyamu makuru ekuverenga.
Nenzira iyi, iyo supercomputer yave chishandiso chakakosha mukutsvagisa kwesainzi uye indasitiri muzvikamu zvakasiyana zvevanhu vemazuva ano.
Operating systems pane supercomputer
Supercomputers michina yakaoma, yakagadzirirwa zvinangwa chaizvo uye inoda yakaoma sisitimu yekushandisa, yakagadziridzwa uye yakagadziridzwa chinangwa ichocho.
Nekune rumwe rutivi, zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti macomputer ekutanga akange asina yakavakirwa-mukati sisitimu yekushandisa, mamiriro aya akamanikidza nzvimbo dzedata kana chero imwe yeruzhinji kana yakazvimirira institution yaida kushandiswa kwayo, kutora kuzvipira kwekugadzira sisitimu yekushandisa ( SO ) midziyo chaiyo inoshanda; Nenzira yekuenzanisira, CDC 6600 (inofungidzirwa kuti ndiyo yekutanga supercomputer munhoroondo) yakashandisa OS, inozivikanwa seChippewa kana Grey's operating system, inoratidzirwa nekuve yakapfava zvikuru asi ine basa guru rekukwanisa kudzora mabasa akasiyana ekombiyuta. , zvichiita kuti mabasa akasiyana-siyana aigara aine zvaaida kuti aite chinangwa chawo.
Kronos inoshanda sisitimu
Yakagadzirwa uye yakashandiswa mukati me70's uye hunhu hwayo hukuru ndeyekuti huwandu hwemabasa hunogona kuwanikwa panguva imwe chete, iyo yakakosha mamiriro ekunyatso optimize budiriro yebasa rakatsanangurwa.
Iyo CDC SCOPE inoshanda sisitimu
(Muchirungu, Supervisory Kudzora Kwekuita Chirongwa) yakashandiswa panguva ye60s, chimiro chayo chikuru ndechekuti inobvumira mabasa ese ehurongwa kuti adzorwe.
US operating system
(Network Operating System) yakanga iri purogiramu yakashinga, sezvo kugamuchirwa kwayo kwakatsiva maviri apfuura munguva ye 70. Chinangwa chayo chikuru chaiva chekuita kuti NOS ive yakajairika maitiro ekushanda mune zvose zvitsva zveCDC (Control Data Corporation).
Isu / Ve(Network Operating System / Virtual Environment)
Yakatsiva iyo NOS, mu80s, hunhu hwayo hukuru hwaive nekupihwa kwechiyeuchidzo chaicho, chimiro chaibvumira kucherechedzwa uye kugamuchirwa nenyika yekombuta yenguva iyoyo.
Mazuvano anoshanda masisitimu pane supercomputer
Iwo emazuvano anoshanda masisitimu anoshandiswa ne supercomputer ndeaya anotevera:
Unix
Kwenguva refu hofori idzi dzakashandisa Unix-based operating systems. Iwo akavharwa kodhi mashandiro masisitimu, ayo anoda marezinesi anobvumira kubatsira kwekushandisa kwavo uye kuchinjika kwavo kumichina kunodhura zvakanyanya.
Linux
Iyo yemahara sisitimu yekushandisa, yakavhurika sosi uye ine yakakwira huwandu hwekuchinjika maererano neyakasiyana-siyana; Iyo yekupedzisira ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa, kunyangwe isina graphical interface, kushandiswa kwayo kuri kure modhi kuburikidza neakachengeteka kubatana uye materminal.
Mhando dzemakomputa makuru uye masisitimu ekushandisa
Pazasi iwe unowana mamwe emakomputa makuru uye masisitimu anoshanda avanoshandisa.
Sierra
Iyo supercomputer ine simba kwazvo uye inoshanda sisitimu yeRed Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL).
Sunway Taihu Chiedza
Iyo supercomputer yakagadzirwa neChinese uye inomhanya pane yayo yega sisitimu inonzi Sunway RaiseOS 2:0:5.
Thianhe-2A
Inowanikwa muChina, iyo inoshanda sisitimu ndeyeKylin Linux.
Sravana Sameeralu Serial XNUMXth Piz Daint
Inowanikwa muSwitzerland uye sisitimu yayo yekushandisa ndeye Cray Linus Environment, inozivikanwawo seUNICOS, ine Unix emulator inoshanda sisitimu.
Utatu
Iyo ine simba repamusoro komputa, inowanikwa muUnited States uye inoshandisa imwecheteyo sisitimu yekushandisa inotsanangurwa pamusoro.
Titan
Iyo supercomputer ine simba iri muUnited States uye inoshandisa Cray seyayo sisitimu yekushandisa.
Al Bridging Cloud Infrastructure
Iyo komputa ine simba kwazvo, iri muJapan uye inoshandisa Linux-based operating system.
Sequoia
Inowanikwa muUnited States uye seyakapfuura, inoshandawo neLinux inoshanda sisitimu.
manhengatenga
Inomhanyisa sisitimu yekushandisa inonzi Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) isina gadziriso yakakosha, asi ine nhevedzano yepamberi compilers uye maraibhurari emasvomhu anoipa kuita zvirinani uku uchinyatso shanda.
Kutonhodza system
Iyo supercomputer yekutonhodza masisitimu inoda yakakosha tembiricha yekudzora ine chinangwa chekubvisa kupisa kunogadzirwa neakawanda zvikamu zvinoumba chimiro chekombuta iyi, uye zvakafanira kufunga nezvemitengo yakakwira, kwete chete maererano nemutengo wayo asi inoreva. , asi kune mari yakawandisa mukuchengetedza kwekudzivirira nekugadzirisa kurongeka, pamwe nemabasa ekudzidzisa evashandi vanotungamira mashandiro eaya mahombe macomputer emuchina.
Iwe unofanirwa kuziva kuti masisitimu aya anogadzira huwandu hwakawanda hwekupisa nekuda kweseti yezvikamu izvo zvemukati maseketi anozviita; Aya ndiwo mamiriro ayo vanogadzira Hardware vanotarisisa uye akawanda maitiro anoumbwa kuti atonge kupisa kunogadzirwa kunogona kukanganisa mashandiro ehurongwa, zvichikanganisa zvakanyanya Central Processing Unit (CPU) kana zvimwe zvemitsetse iri pedyo.
Iyo yepasi-ye-iyo-yepamusoro-soro komputa ine yakakosha tembiricha yekudzora michina, imwe yacho inotonhorera sisitimu yakaiswa nekambani yeJohnson Controls, inotungamirwa neYunivhesiti yeStuttgart (Germany).
Kuchengeta aya masisitimu ekutonhodza, chivakwa chakakosha chine kushomeka kwesimba, yakakwira redundancy uye kugona kukuru kwekushanda kwakagadzirwa, nechinangwa chekudzikisa kushoma kugadzirwa kwecarbon dioxide (CO2), nekudaro vachiremekedza mitemo yepasi rose. Nhare ina dzekutonhodza uye mhando yekudzora inochinjika kwazvo ine nguva pfupi yekupindura yakaiswa, ichiwana mhedzisiro inokatyamadza yehunyanzvi hwepamusoro nekuchengetedza simba kunoshamisa.
kunyudza kutonhora
Kunyudza kutonhora inzira inosanganisira kunyudza maseva mumvura inopa inotonhorera yepakati pamusoro pemhepo inofefetera. Iyi tekinoroji yakaunzwa muNo.
Pamusoro pezvo, indasitiri ye3M uye mugadziri wedata muHong Kong airatidza nzvimbo ine rudzi urwu rwetekinoroji inowana kudzikiswa kwakanyanya kwenzvimbo pamwe nekudzikiswa kwemitengo.
Pazasi tinotsanangura mashandisiro anoita makambani ekutonhodza masisitimu.
IBM nyaya
Ukuru hwemakomputa makuru anoburitsa simba rakakura mukuita kwavo, asi zvine chekuita neiyi mukana, kune kugadzirwa kukuru kwekupisa, zvichikonzera mutengo mukuru mukushandiswa kwemagetsi. Kuti varwise kushaya simba uku, zano rakatorwa nemakambani makuru ari muchikamu ichi rakaitwa, vakagadzira mafiriji emhepo inofefetera uye dhizaini yemakamuri ekupisa.
IBM yakagadzira tekinoroji yakavakirwa pamidziyo yekutonhodza kuburikidza nekushandiswa kwemvura inounzwa mukati kuburikidza ne microchannels, yakafuridzirwa nekuenderana kwekutenderera kweropa mumuviri wemunhu. Nekupihwa kwehunyanzvi uhu, SuperMUC yakatonhodzwa, imwe yemakomputa makuru muEurope, iri muLeibniz, iyo yakagadzira kuchengetedza kwesimba kwe40%.
Kune chikamu chayo, Lenovo yakagadzira yekutonhodza sisitimu ine chinangwa chekudzikisa zvakanyanya kushandiswa kwesimba kwemidziyo yayo, inonzi Neptune, uye simba rayo riri mukushandiswa kwemvura inopisa, zvichibva pane zvinotevera maitiro:
“Muchinyakare chekutonhodza mvura tinotofanira kutonhodza mvura kusvika pakudzikira kuti tikwanise kunyatsotonhodza midziyo iyi. Tinogona kuisa mvura kusvika kumadhigirii makumi mashanu, saka mutengo wekutonhora wakaderera zvakanyanya.
Pamusoro pezviri pamusoro, nenzira inowirirana, vanoshandisa hurongwa hwekutarisa nekugadzirisa mashandisirwo esimba munguva chaiyo.
Kunyanya kushandiswa kweiyo supercomputer
Kuonekwa kwehunyanzvi uhu muhupenyu hwemunhu wemazuva ano kwakawana kukurudzira kukuru mukudzidziswa kwenyanzvi, vaongorori uye tekinoroji mumunda wekombuta, kunyanya ruzivo rwune chekuita neaya mahofori enyika yekombuta. Kubatanidzwa kwekutsvaga, hutsva uye nzvimbo dzekusimudzira bhizinesi, tsigiro yekusimbaradza mapaki eindasitiri, nzvimbo dzekugadzirisa data munzvimbo dzakazvimirira uye dzeveruzhinji dziri kuwedzera kuwanda mazuva ese.
Kuronga kunoonekwa sendima inobatsira nekuda kwekuvapo kwayo munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzekusimukira kwevanhu, zvichibva mukurapwa kwezvinetso zvakaoma zvinoda hukuru hwekombuta uye kuvandudzwa kwezvikumbiro zvinopindura zvinonetsa munguva chaiyo. Mukati memhando iyi yemaapplication tine:
- Kuvandudzwa kwemamodheru ekufungidzira uye ekuedzesera, akadai sekufamba kwevanhu vakawanda panyika, mafambiro emamiriro ekunze emamiriro ekunze ane chikanganiso chakaderera, shanduko yemamiriro ekunze uye kukanganisa kwayo pasocial system uye ecosystem.
- Inoshanda senzvimbo yesimba rinokwevera zvinhu muindasitiri yakanangana nedhizaini uye otomatiki emapurojekiti einjiniya, kunyanya mukugadzirwa kwehunyanzvi hwekushandisa muchikamu. Ndinokukurudzira kuti urambe uchiverenga Zvimiro zvehunyanzvi hwekugadzira
- Kugadziriswa kwemifananidzo, kusimbisa manejimendi uye geographic ruzivo masisitimu, kuvandudzwa kwemarobhoti.
- Mutsvagiridzo yezvokurapa, iyo supercomputer inovhara nzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana senge dhizaini yemoyo yekugadzira, computed tomography, fungidziro yekukuvadzwa kwehuropi uye hunhu hweiyo biochemical chimiro cheCovid-19 hutachiona hwekuona yemishonga inogona kunge iine hukama nehupfu. nezveutachiona.mavhairasi, panyaya iyi Mare Nostrum supercomputer iri muSpain iri kuita iyi mhando yekutsvagisa munguva chaiyo. Iri kuzvipira zvakare kuita Biotechnology uye genetic engineering zvidzidzo.
Supercomputers Ndeapi ane simba zvakanyanya?
Mumamiriro ezvinhu azvino ayo nyika yanhasi inopona, isu dzimwe nguva tinoshamiswa nezvinoshamisa zvinokatyamadza senge nanological process, uko miniaturization inocherekedza kirasi yeharmonic budiriro yesainzi uye tekinoroji maererano nepragmatic optics. Masupercomputers anoenda kudivi rakapesana, kubva kuhofori dzetekinoroji dzine kusimba kunoshamisa mukutsvaga mhinduro kumatambudziko makuru akazara munharaunda medu uye nekusangana nechiono icho chepragmatic chinobuda semhinduro inogutsa yekudzikisira kana kunyangarika kwezvinetso zvinounzwa.
The Top500 ipurojekiti yakagadzirirwa kuratidza ma500 ane simba zvikuru makombiyuta makuru munyika nhasi. Zvakakosha kuziva kuti urongwa uhwu hwakagadzirwa neboka regurus munzvimbo yekombiyuta. Iwo mashanu ane simba zvakanyanya macomputer e2020 achashandiswa mune ino post.
manhengatenga
Anonzi ndiye supercomputer ine simba kwazvo pasi rose. Yakagadzirwa neIBM yeOak Ridge National Laboratory muTennessee, yeUS Department of Energy. Iyo inogara yakaenzana nematare ebasketball maviri uye inosvika inokatyamadza 148,6 petaflops, nekuda kweiyo 2,41 miriyoni cores.
Sierra
Yakagadzirwa neIBM, ine basa rekugadzira yechipiri ine simba guru komputa pane rondedzero, iri paLawrence Livermore National Laboratory muCalifornia. Kubva pane a Hardware Zvakafanana neSummit. Sierra inosvika 94,6 petaflops.
Sunway Taihu Chiedza
Nekombuta huru iyi, TaihuLight, yakavakwa neNational Parallel Computing Technology neEngineering Research Center uye yakaiswa paNational Supercomputing Center muWuxi.(China). Kusiyana nemimwe michina yecaliber yayo, inoshaya accelerator machipisi, saka ayo makumi mapfumbamwe nematatu petaflops anovimba neayo anopfuura mamirioni gumi Chinese Sunway processors.
Tianhe-2A
Supercomputer inonziwo Milky Way 2A, iri muNational Supercomputing Center (Guangzhou, China) inogadzirwa neNational University of Defense Technology uye ine Intel Xeon processors kuti isvike 61,4 petaflops. Sekureva kwevashandisi vayo, kwainoenda ndeyekumisikidza kurongeka kwematambudziko ekudzivirira ehurumende.
Frontera
Uyu muchina mukuru wakagadzirwa naDell uye wakashongedzerwa neIntel. Yave ichionekwa seyakanyanya kukurumidza komputa pasirese iri kuTexas Advanced Computing Center, University of Texas (USA). Bata pamwe nezvikwata zvitatu zvesainzi patsvagiridzo ine chekuita nefizikisi yemakomba matema, quantum mechanics, dhizaini yedhizaini kana mamiriro ekunze. Yayo 23,5 petaflops ichave iripo kunharaunda yesainzi, iyo ichabatsirwa nesimba rayo rekombuta, kunyanya munzvimbo dzeastrophysics, sainzi yemidziyo, simba, genomics uye muenzaniso wenjodzi dzinongoitika dzoga.
MareNostrum5: Iyo inoshamisa supercomputer
Izita MareNostrum, yakabva pachitendero chaiitwa nevaRoma vekare cheGungwa reMediterranean. The Barcelona Supercomputing Center (National Supercomputing Center) inopa zita iri kune yakanyanya zviratidzo supercomputer, iyo mushanduro dzayo dzakasiyana yave muchina une simba zvakanyanya muSpain uye pakupera kweshanduro yayo yazvino, MareNoustrum5, inofungidzirwa seimwe yemakomputa makuru. yeEuropean Union.
Ngatidzidze zvakawanda nezve hofori yepakombiyuta iyi. Kugona kwayo kunofungidzirwa kusvika pasimba re200 petaflops, inodarika kanokwana kagumi nenomwe pane yazvino vhezheni ye17 petaflops uye 13,7 nguva huru (MareNostrum 10.000). Izwi rekuti pre-excalada rinoshandiswa kuratidza macomputer makuru anokwanisa kudarika 4 petaflops barriers.
Izvo zvakakosha kuratidza mari yakaitwa neSpain, inhengo yenyika yeEuropean Union, iyo inopa zviwanikwa zveveruzhinji kune supercomputing. Vatungamiri vehurumende, zvisinei nekusarura kwavo kwemafungiro, vakaisa kufarira kukuru mukubata pamuviri. kuvandudzwa uye kushandiswa kwemaitiro aya kugadzirisa matambudziko makuru enyika nekunze.
Iyo MareNostrum supercomputer mushanduro dzayo dzese yave ibwe repakona rekutsvagisa kwesainzi uye tekinoroji muEuropean Union, ichi chiri tsigiro huru ye supercomputing, kwete chete padanho rekuparadzira, asiwo mukutsigira zviwanikwa zvemari.
Saka, mamwe maturusi anopihwa neBarcelona Supercomputing Center, mapoka anoshanda akawanda akazvipira kutsvagurudzo anoumbwa akaitenderedza, nechinangwa chekutanga chekusimudzira tekinoroji yayo yechizvino-zvino mukutsvaga zvido uye kugadzirisa matambudziko anokanganisa nzanga dzemazuvano.
MareNostrum haingori supercomputer huru chete, asi zvakare inomiririra danda rekukwezva, rakagadzirirwa kuwanikwa kwekushandiswa kwenharaunda yesainzi padanho repasi rose.
Zvinoitwa neMareNostrum zvakakura zvakanyanya, zvinoumba chirongwa chekusimudzira mukugadzirwa kweakasiyana prototypes akagadzira chizvarwa chemakomputa makuru mushanduro yega yega chishandiso chine simba uye chinogoneka, kwete chete muhardware yayo uye software, asiwo mukufungidzira kwayo kunharaunda. .
Kusvika ikozvino, shanduro shanu dzeMareNostrum supercomputer dzakagadzirwa.
MareNostrum 1: Yakaitwa nekuda kwekubatana pakati pehurumende yeSpain nekambani yeBMM kuburikidza nechibvumirano chekuvaka imwe yemakomputa akanyanya kukurumidza muEurope muna 2004. Kukwanisa kwayo computational yaive 42.35 Teraflops (42.35 trillion mashandiro pasekondi) .
MareNostrum 2: Muna Mbudzi 2006, kugona kwayo komputa kwakawedzera, zvichikurudzirwa nekudiwa kukuru kwemapurojekiti esainzi. Uhu huwandu hwaive 94.21 Teraflops, yakapetwa kaviri yakatangira, uye kuti uwane kuita uku, huwandu hwema processor hwakawedzerwa kubva pa4.812 kusvika 10.240.
MareNostrum 3: Kuburikidza nekuvandudza, iyo yepamusoro pekuita ye1.1 yakasvikwa. petaflops muna 2012-2013, nekuda kwekuwedzera kwe48,896 Intel Sandy Bridge maitiro pa3,056 node, kusanganisira 84 Xeon Phi 5110Ps pa42 node, ine inodarika 115 TB yendangariro huru uye 2 PB yeGPFS yekuchengetedza disk.
MareNostrum 4: Pakupera kwa2017, hofori iyi yakatanga kushanda, yakasvika pakuita kwayo kwe13.7 Petaflops, kugona kwayo kuverenga kwakagovaniswa mumabhuraki maviri akasiyana zvachose, zvichibva ma block technologies.
Chinangwa chezvivharo izvi chaive nematireyi makumi mana nematanhatu e46 node, node imwe neimwe yaive nemachipisi maviri eIntel Xeon Platinum, imwe neimwe iine 3.456 processors inounganidza huwandu hwe24 processor uye main memory ye165,888 Terabytes. Simba rayo repamusoro rakasvika 390Petaflops, mamwe mazwi, inokwanisa kugadzirisa zvinopfuura mabhiriyoni gumi nerimwe ekushanda pasekondi, zvakapetwa kagumi kupfuura zvakatangira.
Iyo yakanyanya simba komputa: MareNostrum5
Pakati pe2019, kambani yeEuroHPC yakasarudza Barcelona Supercomputing Center sechinhu chaizogara iyo supercomputer ine yepamusoro-soro pre-excalation mukondinendi yeEurope. S inotarisira kupinda kwayo mukushanda musi waZvita 31, 2020 uye ichave yakanyanya kukosha komputa yekutarisisa uye kugadzirisa kwekusiyana kwemakakatanwa akamirira nzanga dzazvino.
Nenzira iyi tinogona kunzwisisa kukosha kwemakomputa makuru munyika, chigadzirwa chikuru icho chichiri kuwedzera nenzira inokatyamadza. Masimba epasi rose akadai seUS, Japan neChina anorwira makwikwi ane hutano achifarira vanhu.
Wobva watarisa vhidhiyo inotevera, kuti iwe uwedzere ruzivo rwako pane iyi inonakidza musoro.