Aluminium recycling nderimwe remabasa akanyanya kukosha mukuita kwekushandisazve tsvina, zvakare Organic uye inorganic marara, nekuti zvese zviri zviviri zvinhu zvinobatsira munenge mune zvese zvakatitenderedza, izvo zvinokonzeresa kusvibiswa kukuru kana zvikasashandiswa zvakare.
Chii chinoitika kana paine aruminiyamu yekudzokororazve?
Iyo inoshamisa nyika yeshanduko apo ichi chinyorwa chinoshandurwa kuita zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana izvo zvinozozadzisa basa rakakosha muhupenyu hwemunhu, inofamba nenzira inoshamisa iyo inonyungudutswa nechinangwa chekuchengetedza uye kushandisa zvishoma, uchifunga kuti maitiro aizomuka kuburikidza ne electrolysis yealumina / Al2O3 / iyo inoitika nekubviswa kwebauxite mine uye wozoinatsa zvakanyanya.
Aruminiyamu yakashandiswa zvakare inotangira kubva mukuveurwa kwearuminiyamu hombe kugadzira zvidyarwa nezvirimwa, sezvakangoita zvinhu zvinowanikwa mumba medu kana muhofisi, kubva mumidziyo yesoda pop, zvinyorwa zvekuvaka imba, fenicha, zvinongedzo zvemagetsi, mabhasikoro, maPC uye zvishandiso zvehukuru hwakasiyana nemhando.
El aluminium recycling zvinoda chete 5% yehusimba hwaizotora kugadzira aluminium kubva mumugodhi. Nekuda kweizvozvo, ingangoita 31% yearuminiyamu yese yakaunzwa kubva kuUnited States inobva kune zvakashandiswa zvakare.
Yaive tsika yakajairika kubva pakutanga kwezana ramakore rechiXNUMX uye yaishandiswa nguva zhinji muHondo Yenyika Yechipiri, saka kudzokorodza kwealuminium haisi imwe nzira, nekuti kwagara kune Re-shandisa.
Zvinogona kucherechedzwa kuti pakupera kwegore 1960 kuita uku kwaive basa diki, kumutsa kufarira nenzira inoshamisa nekushandiswa kwemidziyo yakauya nezvigadzirwa zvezvinangwa zvakasiyana, kubva ipapo zvese zvakachinja uye. zvakapa mukana pakudzokororwazve kwezvinhu izvi zvinoshamisa.
Aluminium recycling process nhanho nhanho
Kana iwe uchida kuziva maitiro ekudzokorodza aluminium magaba nhanho nhanho, tinozviratidza pano nenzira iri nyore:
unganidza aluminium
Ichi ndicho chikamu chekutanga chekushandisazve aruminiyamu inopedzwa mushure mekuchengetedza mumarara kana midziyo.
Iendese kuchirimwa chekushandisazve
Inopedzwa mumarori ekuunganidza, uko aruminiyamu inoparadzaniswa kubva kune akasiyana anosvibisa maitiro uye madhipoziti, anokweshwa uye obva aonekwa uye akaunganidzwa mumativi akakomberedzwa.
aluminium mhinduro
Kuburikidza nenzira iyi, inotsvakwa mumiti iyo kana ichinyunguduka aluminium, inoshandisa chinangwa chekugadzira zvinyorwa uye zvakasiyana-siyana zvezvinhu zvinobatsira zvikuru kumba, makambani, hofisi nedzimwe nzvimbo dzakakodzera.
Kubatsirwa
El aluminium recycling kazhinji inopa kufarirwa kweakanaka kwazvo matura uye akakosha simba, chero zvakadaro, kana mutengo wekuunganidza, kupatsanura uye kushandiswa zvakare uchitariswa. Saizvozvowo, anoshandiswa munyika yose nekuda kwekudzikira kweiyo yakakosha capital kutsigira uye kutakura iyo yakabikwa.
Iwo ecological mabhenefiti ekushandisazve aluminium anoshamisa zvakare. Chete 5% yecarbon dioxide inogadzirwa panguva yekushandiswa zvakare mukusiyana nekugadzirwa kwealuminium kubva kune yakabikwa.
Uku kuve kwakatodzika mwero kana iyo yakazara pateni yekutorwa kwayo mumugodhi uye kutakura kwayo kune yekusika chirimwa. Kuumba mudziyo wealuminium unodzokororwa kunoda 95% kushomeka kwesimba pane zvingatarisirwa kubva kumhandara.
Aluminium inogona kudzokorodza maitiro
Zvino mubvunzo unomuka Aluminium inodzokororwa sei? ona iyi nhevedzano yezvinhu zvinokutendera kuti uzviite nenzira yakarongeka uye yakakwana. Kana iwe uchida kuzviita nezvinwiwa zvakapfava zvinouya mumidziyo yealuminium, zvinowanzo shandiswa zvakare nenzira inotevera:
- Kuti uite marara aruminiyamu magaba, ivo vanotanga vaparadzaniswa kubva kune akasimba masara anowanzo achishandisa electromagnetic separator.
- Midziyo inochekwa kuita zvidimbu zvidiki zvehukuru hwakafanana kudzikamisa huwandu uye kukurudzira kugadzirwa kwemaoko nemichina inoshanda nezvinhu.
- Zvikamu izvi zvingave zvekugadzira kana kucheneswa nemazvo.
- Aya mashadhi anogadzirwa kuita masikweya mahombe kudzikamisa kukanganiswa kweoxidation kana yapfava, sezvo iyo aruminiyamu pamusoro inookisisa pakarepo kana yaburitswa muokisijeni.
- Masikweya akaturikidzwa mumaheater ane simba uye anodziiswa kusvika 750°C ± 100°C kuti awane aruminiyamu yakanyungudutswa.
- Iyo slag uye yakaora haidrojeni inobviswa uye inobviswa. Liquid aruminiyamu inoparadzanisa hydrogen kubva mumhute yemvura uye hydrocarbon tsvina.
- Miedzo inoitwa yekuferefeta spectroscopic iyo inotsamira pane yekupedzisira mhedzisiro inotsvakwa, yakakwira virtue aluminium inowedzerwa kumusanganiswa kuti uwane zvinogutsa ruzivo rwemalgam.
- Iwo mashanu anonyanya kushandiswa aruminiyamu makomponi ari pachena 5, 2024 aruminiyamu, 7075, 1100 uye 6063 aruminiyamu.
- Iyo yakakwira inobata hita inovhurwa, iyo aluminium yemvura inobviswa uye maitiro anodzokororwa kune rimwe boka rezvimedu.
- Zvichienderana nechinhu chekupedzisira, chinogona kukandwa mumaingo, zvinoumba, kana kuti mbariro semakweya mahombe okuzora, kupfapfaidza, kuburitsa, kana kutakura mumhepo kuenda kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzemagungano kunobatwa.
Ingot kugadzirwa uchishandisa reverberatory furnaces
Zvimedu zvearuminiyamu zvakaparadzaniswa mumhando dzakasiyana-siyana: alloyed aluminium, ferrous aluminium, yakachena aluminium. Zvichienderana neruzivo rwekukanda ingot inodiwa, rudzi rwezvimedu zvichashandiswa mukukanda zvinoenderana.
Kazhinji, chidimbu chesimbi chakaturikidzana muvira reverberatory (kune nzira dzakasiyana dzisina kungwara kana kuwedzera njodzi) uye inonyungudika kuita inonzi tabhu.
Iyo simbi yemvura inotariswa uchishandisa spectroscope kuona kuti ndeupi rudzi rwekukwenenzvera iyo yekupedzisira zvinhu inotarisirwa kugadzira. Mushure mekunatsa, musanganiswa unogona kutariswa kakati wandei kuti uchinje zvinhu kuti zvive pachena zviratidzo.
Pakangowanikwa musanganiswa wakakodzera, hita inovhurwa uye yodonhedzwa muingot molds, kuburikidza nemuchina wekucheka. Iyo yemvura inotenderwa kutonhora, kurongedza uye kutengeswa sealuminium ingot kumakambani akasiyana kuti agadzirise.
Secondary recycling yealuminium
Iyo slag inogadzirwa nekuda kwekusikwa kwakakosha kwearuminiyamu chena uye sarudzo yayo yekushandisa zvakare iine yakakosha nhanho yesimbi inogona kubviswa nemashini.
Izvi zvinoita kuti aruminiyamu ipindure nemvura, nokudaro ichibudisa musanganiswa wegesi unobatanidza hydrogen, acetylene uye ammonia, izvo zvisingatarisirwi zvinosangana nemhepo.
Kubata nemhepo yakanyorova kunoita kuti kusvika kwezviyero zvinozivikanwa zveammonia gasi. Pasinei nematambudziko aya, zvakadaro, tsvina iyi yakashandiswa sekuzadza simende kana asphalt kongiri.
Chokwadi chinonakidza nezve aluminium recycling
Aluminium chimwe chezvinhu zvitatu zvinonyanya kushandiswa pasi pano pamwe nesimbi nesimbi. Mukuwedzera, kazhinji, inowanzova chimwe chezvinhu zvinonyanya kunetsa kuti tishandise zvakare, sezvo isu tichifungidzira kuti nekuda kwekusikwa kwayo uye izvo zvinoita sekuti haigone kushandiswa nekuishandisa zvakare.
Zvakadaro, izvi hazvina kunaka, aruminiyamu inoshandiswazve, kwete muhuwandu hwatingade, zvisinei inzira inofambira mberi iri kutora nzvimbo mumagariro akawanda emagariro, nharaunda dzemumaguta uye network pasi rese.
Zvinosimbiswa kuti kudzokorodza kwealuminium hakufanirwe kuitwa chete pachiyero chemuchina nemidziyo yekushandisa zvakare, asi kuzviita kumba kuri nyore zvakare, unongofanira kuisa parutivi midziyo, kurongedza, aluminium foil uye nezvimwe zvakasiyana zvechinhu ichi. unowana mumba mako, mumba, mota, chikoro kana yunivhesiti kwaunodzidzisa.
Kukosha kwekushandisazve aluminium hakungosvike pakudzivirira aluminium kuti isasiiwa yakarara mumarara uye kuora kwenguva yakati rebei kana mazana emakore, asi zvinobatsirawo kudzikisira mari yekubvisa chinhu ichi pakutanga. .
Saizvozvo, ichinhu chisingarasikirwe nezvivakwa mushure memhando dzakasiyana dzekushandisa zvakare. Izvi zvinoreva kune zvese zvinangwa nezvinangwa kuti ese aruminiyamu anoshandiswa mubhizinesi reindasitiri ashandiswezve, zvisinei nekuti haisi kushandiswazve sei padanho rekugara.
Kushandiswa patsva kwealuminiyamu yasara
Iyo aruminiyamu yekuwedzera mune yako yakasarudzika zvisikwa inogara ichinzi aluminium inopenya kana aruminiyamu sprinkles. Nenzira imwecheteyo, pamwe chete nezvimwe zvinhu, inoshandiswa zvakare pachiyero chemagetsi semugumisiro wekuparadzanisa kubva pakusvibiswa uye marara angave ane.
Iyi nzira inowanzodaidzwa kunzi sarudzo yekushandisazve aluminium, chinhu chinounganidzwa, kucheneswa, kurongedzerwa uye kugadzira masikweya, pakupedzisira kupfava mumaheater pakupisa kwakanyanya.
Zvinyorwa nezve aluminium recycling
Sezvauri kuona, kushandiswazve kwealuminium chinhu chatinogona kuita zvese kubva kumba kwedu, hofisi, chikoro kana yunivhesiti, nechinangwa chekuti chinyorwa ichi chinobva chasvetukira kumitsara mikuru yekugadzira uye inoshandiswa zvakare kwainocheneswa, yakagadziriswa, inounganidzwa. , yakapwanyika kuti ipedze kunyungudika uye mapepa ealuminium anogona kugadzirwa.
Nekuda kwekushandiswazve uku, iyo kabhoni dhaidhirosi inobuda yakaderedzwa kusvika 95%, ikozvino iwe unonyatsoziva chirevo chikuru chekushandisazve chinhu ichi. Kufanana nealuminium, zvinoitikawo nekushandiswazve kwemabhatiri, uko masimbi akawanda anotorwa uye zvinokwanisika kushandisa zvakare kusvika 96% yemekiyuri, semuenzaniso.
