Kimono ndiyo zvechinyakare japan zvipfeko ine hunyanzvi hwekugadzira uye chiri chikamu chetsika yetsika yekumabvazuva. Icho chipfeko chakave chakachinja munhoroondo yese, kunyanya nekuda kwesimba reChinese tsika nezvimwe zviitiko, uye parizvino rinongoshandiswa pazviitiko zvakakosha, sezvo vazhinji vekuJapan vanopfeka zvipfeko zveEurope.
Kana iwe ukashamisika "Kimono chii?" Muchikamu chino uchawana mhinduro kune zvakawanda zvekunetseka kwako sezvatichakurukura zvakasiyana-siyana zvenguo iyi yekare: kubva paunhu hwayo kusvika kune nhoroondo yayo uye marudzi emakimono.
Chii chinonzi kimono?
Kimono kana kimono ndiyo zvipfeko zvechinyakare zveJapan uye chipfeko chenyika che Japan. Izwi rokuti kimono rinobva pashoko rokuti ""Ki" (Short of Kiru) zvinoreva "kupfeka kana kupfeka" uye zita "uta" izvo "chinhu". Ndizvozvo chaizvo, "kimono" zvinoreva "chinhu kana chinhu chokupfeka kana kupfeka" kana sezvatinonzwisisa kuMadokero, zvipfeko.
Kimono chipfeko chine chipfeko chakanyanya. Inguo refu dzinosvika kushin (pamberi petsoka zvishoma) uye dzinoputira muviri T chimiro. Kuchekwa kwayo kwakaita rectangular uye ine hupamhi sikweya maoko. Kupeta kwakananga kunowanzosiiwa kurudyi. Ichaitwa nenzira yakapesana chete kana mushandisi afa. Iyo yekuputira inobuda muV neckline inonzi "tete" uye kuti nguo yacho irambe yakasungirirwa, bhanhire rakafara rinodanwa obi.
Kufanana nechinhu chipi nechipi chezvipfeko, kimono inoperekedzwa zvakasiyana accessories. Dzinoshandiswa pachivanhu sandals zōri (yakaderera ganda uye donje shangu) kana geta (yemhando yepamusoro shangu dzemapuranga uye yakakwirira flat chikuva) pamwe masokisi chidzidzo (masokisi echinyakare anopatsanura chigunwe kubva kune zvese zvigunwe saka achibvumira kuti jecha rigadzirwe nekumisa pakati akati phalanges).
Kune dzakasiyana mhando dze kimono kune ese marudzi evashandisi uye zviitiko. Inopfekwa navakadzi, varume navana, uye zvipfeko zvayo namavara zvinogadziridzwa mukuwirirana nevatano, zera, chimiro cheroorano, rudzi rwemhemberero uye nguva yegore.
Pakutanga kimono yakagadzirwa nayo rustic zvinhu, asi pesvedzero yetsika yeChinese yakaunza seda, zvichiita kuti kimono ive chipfeko chakaoma uye cheumbozha.
Parizvino vazhinji vekuJapan vanopfeka zvipfeko zvekuMadokero. asi pazviitiko zvakakosha (michato, tii kana mamwe mhemberero uye mazororo enyika) tsika yekupfeka kimono ichiri kuchengetedzwa.
Pane kufamba kwe kimono fans zvinosimudzira kushandiswa kwayo, zvingava nokuda kwekuda kwomunhu oga kana kuti nokuda kwokutaura kweiyi tsika yekare. Masangano akavakwa nevashandi vakadzidziswa mune iyi tsika inopa makirasi kune vashandisi vavo kuitira kuti vadzidze kupfeka kimono uye kuishandisa nemazvo zvinoenderana nechiitiko. Dzidzo idzi dzinosanganisira kudzidzira maitiro anodiwa kuti upfeke chipfeko ichi uye sarudzo chaiyo yezvishandiso uye zvipfeko zvemukati. Kupfeka kimono kunopfuura kupfeka nguo, iwe unofanirwa kuziva kuti ungazviita sei, kuchengetedza tsika dzemadzitateguru dzinobva pakungwara uye kunaka. Semuenzaniso weaya ekimono cult movement tinogona kutaura nezve kirabhu Ginza, asi kune mamwe akawanda.
Nhoroondo pfupi yekimono
Kimono chipfeko chakagamuchira kubva kwachiri a simba guru reChinese tsika. Zita rake rekutanga raive gofuku, nekuda kwesimba rakasimba iro rekutanga kimonos rakagashira kubva kune yechinyakare Han Chinese zvipfeko, zvino inozivikanwa se hanfu. Munguva Nara period maJapan akagamuchira roar Chinese iyo yaitora shanduko dzakasiyana kusvika yasvika iyo kimono iripo.
In the Heian period, ma<em>kimono akava zvipfeko zvine zvitayera zvikuru, kunyange zvazvo rudzi runokosha rwunozivikanwa se Mo yakaramba ichichengeta chimiro chayo chepakutanga.
Munguva Muromachi period, the Kosode - rudzi rwechimwe-chidimbu kimono inopfekwa senguo yemukati - yakatanga kupfekwa isina bhurugwa hakama pamusoro, kuenda kunopfeka kimono idzi dzakabatwa na obi. Kubva ipapo, chimiro chekimono chakaramba chisina kuchinja.
Nokufamba kwenguva, kimono yepamutemo yakatsiviwa nenguo dzeEurope uye chete yukata nokuda kwekushandiswa kwezuva nezuva mune avo vanosarudza nokuzvidira kuita kudaro.
Zvinoratidzika kuti mushure mezvo kudengenyeka kwenyika kukuru kanto, vanhu vakapfeka maKimonos vaigara vachibatwa nechisimba uye Sangano reTokyo Women's and Children's Clothing Manufacturers Association yakakurudzira kushandiswa kwezvipfeko zveEurope, izvo zvakadyara mavambo ekuderera kwetsika iyi. Moto we1932 pachitoro cheNihonbashi muShirokiya unonziwo wakave wakakonzera kuderera kwekushandiswa kwemakimono sezvipfeko zvezuva nezuva (kunyange zvichionekwa kuti iyi inogona kunge iri ngano yemuguta).
Parizvino, makimono akagadzirwa nemaitiro echinyakare uye zvemhando yepamusoro sesirika zvinotariswa mabasa makuru ounyanzvi uye kutungamirira mafambiro e kimono cult pamwe chete neindasitiri yakaitenderedza. Kusvikira nhasi, vokuMabvazuva vanowanzopfeka zvipfeko zveEurope and the yukata Inoshandiswa chete pazviitiko zvakakosha.
Kushandiswa kwekimono
Sezvatakataura mitsetse mishoma yapfuura, chipfeko ichi chine maitiro akasiyana zvichienderana nekushandiswa kwachachaitwa. Izvo zvinoenderana nerudzi rwemhemberero, zvepabonde uye zera remunhu.
Pane misiyano yakakosha pakati pemakimono evakadzi neechirume. Kunyangwe iyo yekutanga ichiwanzo kuve yakaomesesa, yakatakurwa nemabead uye akawanda akasiyana uye akasiyana-siyana, iwo ekupedzisira anoratidzirwa nekuve akapusa zvipfeko uye akagadzirwa nejira rakasiyana.
Dzinoshandiswa pamhemberero dzakakosha - dzakadai se mhemberero yetii-, mazororo enyika, michato, mariro, kushanya kwakakosha, kushandiswa kwezuva nezuva uye kurara.
Kimono kushandiswa muvakadzi
Kune vakadzi kune marudzi akawanda ekimono anogadzirisa kuzera uye mamiriro ewanano uye chiitiko. The vasikana vasina varume vane kimono yavo yakakodzera kuenda kumichato kana kupedza zvidzidzo (furiode), all vakadzi vakaroorwa kana vakabatikana vachashandisa iyo kurotomesode and the vasikana Vachashandisa sechipfeko chemuchato uchikake (yemakimono eumbozha akagadzirwa nesirika yakanakisa) kana the shiromuku (yekutsanangurwa kwakanaka uye chena).
For the funeral vakadzi vachapfeka kimono nhema (Mofuku), zvekushandisa zuva nezuva Komon uye mhemberero yetii, the edo komon. En kushanya kana mapato Vachapfeka semi-informal kimono, iyo homongi. Uye pakupedzisira iyo yukata, kimono yakagadzirwa nedonje ine shanduro mbiri: imwe yakanyanyisa, inoshandiswa kumitambo, uye iri nyore. (nemaki)), iyo inoshandiswa kurara.
Kune akawanda akawanda marudzi ekimono evakadzi. Pano tangodoma vamwe vanomiririra zvakanyanya.
Kushandisa kimono muvarume
Senguva dzose mufashoni yevarume, kimonos yevarume yakanyanyisa uye iri nyore kugadzira. Mukuwedzera, jira ravanoitwa naro rakasiyana nerevakadzi kimonos, iwo matte uye rima machira. Maoko echirume kimono anonamirwa kumuviri nemasendimita mashoma akazvimirira pazasi uye mapfupi pane echikadzi kuti agare. obi pasi pavo.
Kufanana nemakimono evakadzi, kune marudzi akasiyana-siyana zvichienderana nekushandiswa kuchaitwa. Kunyanya kupararira ndiko yukata, inofema kwazvo yekotoni kimono inoshandiswa zviitiko zvisina kurongwa uye muzhizha kuti munyaradzwe. Inogonawo kusanganiswa nejasi. Zvadaro tine kimono yepamutemo yakagadzirwa nesirika nhema yezviitiko zvakakosha. The sumo wrestlers Vanopfeka makimono ane mavara akajeka akadai sefuchsia uye varwi vehondo el hakama.
Kuchengetedza
Traditional kimonos akavharwa pamuviri wemunhu kuburikidza nemaoko seams uye kubvisa iyo inofanirwa kusunungura iyo seams. Saka kupfeka kimono ibasa rakaoma. Kare, idzi tsika dzaichengetwa sechikamu chetsika yemutambo wekimono. Asi nhasi yakatsiviwa nemitoo iri nyore, kunyange zvazvo tsika yokusona ichiri kuchengetwa muzvikoro zvokunamata kimono.
Kare, mutsika dzechiJapani kimono kurapwa kugezwa inofungidzira tsika ine zita rayo: arai hari. Iyi inzira inodhura iyo Misoto yekimono inobviswa imwe neimwe noruoko yobva yasukwa yoga yoga pasina kusanganiswa nedzimwe hembe.
Nhasi, machira echizvino-zvino uye nzira dzekuchenesa dzakashandiswa zvinobvisa basa iri rakaoma, kunyangwe kugeza kwekimono kwechinyakare kuchiri kuitwa, kunyanya kumakimono emutengo wepamusoro.
Kimonos nhasi inogona kuwanikwa mumhando dzakasiyana dzemachira (silika, machira uye machira ekugadzira) uye Zvichienderana nekuumbwa kwayo, nzira yekugeza ichave yakasiyana machira ekotoni nemakimono ekugadzira ndiwo ari nyore kugeza, achikwanisa kushandisa muchina wekugeza wakajairika. Zvakakosha kuti usasanganise kimono nezvimwe zvipfeko, kana kushandisa maomesa kana mapurogiramu ekugeza pakupisa kukuru. Kana kugeza nemaoko, kukwiza zvine simba hakukurudzirwe. Iyo kimono yemvere inofanira kuendeswa kune yakaoma cleaner. Uye kusimbi kimono tinogona kushandisa jira pakati, hazvikurudzirwi kuzviita zvakananga pamucheka.
Sezvimwe zvipfeko zvechiJapan zvechinyakare, makimono ane nzira dzakananga dzekuchengetwa dzinoshandisa matanho ekupeta anobatsira kudzichengetedza nekudzivirira kuunyana. Vanowanzo kuputirwa mubepa rinonzi tatōshi.
Uye chekupedzisira cherechedza kuti kimono inofanirwa kuburitswa isati yashandiswa.
Kubva postposmo Tinovimba takuita kuti unakirwe nerwendo urwu runonakidza kuburikidza ne Japanese culture kuburikidza neruzivo rwekuti kimono chii, iyo quintessential nguo yetsika yekumabvazuva.