ari inoshanda naJoan Miro vanorangarirwa sorutivi rwepesvedzero younyanzvi yezana ramakore rechiXNUMX. Akagadzirawo zvinhu zvemifananidzo zvakatangazve, nokudaro achipa zvinhu zvitsva zvakafanana nemifananidzo yemazuva ano.
Inoshanda naJoan Miró
Mabasa aJoan Miró akamuita muimbi ane mukurumbira wenguva yake. Akamira panzvimbo yesurreal. Zvisinei, akaitawo mamwe marudzi ezvigadzirwa zveunyanzvi zvakabvumira unyanzvi kuti huendeswe kune imwe nhanho, sezvakaitika kune izvo zvakagadzirwa nemafambiro emifananidzo akadai seFauvism, naïve art, abstraction uye cubism.
Nekune rumwe rutivi, uyu muimbi weCatalan mavambo akagadzira chimiro chehunhu kuburikidza nemabasa ake, izvo zvakazomubvumira kuti atangezve mhando dzakawanda dzemafambiro ehunyanzvi, aine chinangwa chekugara achisiya chiratidzo chake chakaiswa.
Nechikonzero ichi kuti mabasa akatanhamara aJoan Miró achaunzwa pazasi, nechinangwa chekupa vanoda zvehunyanzvi ruzivo rwakakosha nezveiyi nyanzvi yehunyanzvi yehunyanzvi hwemazuva ano.
Murimi
Pakati pemabasa aJoan Miró iyi inomira pachena uye inonziwo murimi uye yakagadzirwa muna 1914. Iyi canvas inoonekwa seyokutanga iyo Miró akaratidza. Nekuzviita, akatsvaga kuratidza simba guru rairehwa naFauvism kuhupenyu hwake, kunyanya, paaishanda seweta. Dzidza zvishoma nezve art ne Masiki eAfrica
Iine miganhu izere neruvara, nokudaro ichiratidza zvinhu zvinoburitsa manzwiro kune avo vanokoshesa canvas. Panguva imwecheteyo, inopa zvimwe zvakasiyana-siyana, izvo zvinotibvumira kusiyanisa chimiro chinoonekwa zvisina kunanga.
Zvakakosha kutaura kuti ruvara ndiyo inonyanya kukosha mubasa iri. Saka kudhirowa sekudaro kunova chikamu chekumashure. Sezvo akatarira mariri, anonongedzera kuchitubu chakatanhamara chevara sechinhu chikuru chokutaura.
Maodzanyemba Maodzanyemba
Muna 1817 rimwe remabasa akatanhamara raJoan Miró rakaratidzirwa. Mariri anoratidza unhu hwemamwe mativi oupenyu hwake, sezvakaita kudzidziswa kwake somutarisiri weakaunzi.
Basa iri rakaitwa naye kusvika asvika pachinhanho chekuti akatanga kuzvipira zvizere kune art, kwaakatanga nezvakatanhamara zvemafambiro emifananidzo aiitwa panguva iyoyo. Chimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha mubasa rake yaiva magazini yeFrench Nord Sud, iyo panguva iyoyo yaitungamirirwa naPierre Reverdy.
Nekuda kwekukosha kwaro kwaari, Miró anotsvaga kudonhedza masisitimu ehungwaru uye, panguva imwecheteyo, kusimudzira kwehunyanzvi, achitarisa kune chaiwo maficha eaya maviri masisitimu.
Izvi zvinogadzirwa nechidimbu chekeramic, keji ine shiri, peya, hove yemavara mazhinji, hari ine maruva uye chigero. Inotsvagawo kuratidza kukosha kwaive neunyanzvi hwaVan Gogh kuna Miró.
Nekune rimwe divi, canvas iyi yaibatwa pasi pemavara akasiyana siyana uye inewo zvinhu zvakanyorwa mumadenderedzwa zvine kumwe kutaridzika kwepakati. Izvo zvakakosha kuti uzive kuti basa iri ndiro rakajeka rinomiririra kumagumo emabasa ake pasi peFauvist maitiro.
Minda yemizambiringa nemiorivhi yeMontroig
Minda yemizambiringa nemiorivhi yeMont roig, ibasa raJoan Miró rakagadzirwa muna 1919. Rainangana nenguva dzakasangana naMiró paaigara kuMont Roig, Catalonia. Zvinhu zvakaonekwa mukati memakore iwayo zvakabvumira mabasa aMiró kuti atange kuve nechimiro chitsva chakanangana nemamiriro ekunze.
Pasinei nekutarisisa maitiro matsva, aigara achichengeta ruvara rwuripo mumabasa ake. Sezvo kwaari ichi chaive chishandiso chakanakisa chekutaura manzwiro. Pamusoro peizvi, zvimwe zvinhu zvinogona kukosheswa mubasa rinotitungamira kuti titarise mapesvedzero anonangana kuCubism.
Kune rumwe rutivi, zvimwe zvinhu zvejometri zvinogadzirwa izvo zvinopesvedzerwa neruzivo rwechisikigo pachacho. Iri basa raJoan Miró rinotitorawo kumabasa ane chekuita ne naïve art.
mukadzi asina kupfeka negirazi
Yakabudiswawo muna 1919. Inomira pachena nekufurirwa zvachose neCubism. Inotaridzwa mairi, dingindira rinowanzogara richiratidzwa mukati menhoroondo yehunyanzvi. Mariri Venus inoonekwa negirazi.
Miró haaite mwarikadzi zvakananga, asi anoteedzera chero mukadzi, zvisinei anokwanisa kutiyeuchidza nezve mwarikadzi nekuda kwekurohwa kwake. Mariri, anoshandisa zvinhu zvakajairika zvejometri yemufananidzo waanodhirowa.
Pamusoro peizvi, inomira kunze kwekuve nekuwanda kwekusiyana neiyo flat system yakabatana mukati menzvimbo yese yebasa. Iine chimiro chakasiyana, iyo ine imwe kuoma pakati pemicheka yayo.
Tafura
Izvi zvinodaidzwawo kuti Kuchiri Upenyu neTsuro, zvakaratidzwa muna 1920. Iri zvakare rimwe remabasa aJoan Miró akatanhamara uye ane mukurumbira. Inoratidza hunyanzvi hwe cubism.
Nekudaro, Miró anotsvaga mune iri basa kuchengetedza zvakakosha izvo zvinomira pachena mukati mekurapa kwechokwadi. Izvi zvinogona kuonekwa mune zviwanikwa zvakadai sejongwe, hove uye, pakupedzisira asi kwete zvishoma, tsuro.
Zvimwe zvinhu zvinowanikwa mukati mebasa zvine maitiro avo anogona kuratidzwa mukati me cubism. Iyo ine kudzvanyirira kwakadzama, izvo zvinozotitungamira kune maonero akafurirwa neiyo geometrization. Nekune rumwe rutivi, zvinhu zvine hukama zvakananga nehudzame zvinoratidzwa.
imba yepurazi
Rakabudiswa muna 1920 na1921. Izvi zvakatangwa muMont Roig uye zvakapedzwa uye zvakazoratidzwa muParis. Iri basa rinotsvaga kumiririra kukosha kwaive naMiró kunhoroondo yemhuri yakamutsanangura uye, zvakare, kune zvinhu zverudzi rwake.
Basa rakazara nehuwandu hukuru hweruzivo. Pamusoro peizvi, inoratidza zvinhu zvine hukuru hwemamiriro ekunze. Sezvo ichitsvaga kunongedzera nzvimbo yakazvarirwa nekukurira munyori webasa iri. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, inoonekwa sechikamu chakakosha chemabasa ake. Kune rumwe rutivi, zvakakosha kutaura kuti yakawanikwa nemunyori weAmerican mavambo Ernest Miller Hemingway.
munda wakarimwa
Iyo inonziwo La Tierra Brada uye yakaratidzwa muna 1923. Ndiyo mufananidzo wakajeka weiyo metamorphosis itsva yakatambura naMiró. Mariri iwe unogona kuona chimiro chitsva. Pamusoro peizvi, inonongedza zvimwe zvinhu zvinotsvaga kuratidza mune mamwe mabasa akamboburitswa.
Inoonekwa se canvas izere nemavambo apo hunhu hwemuimbi uyu hunoratidzwa zvizere. Panguva imwecheteyo, iwe unogona kuona kuti Joan Miró akatanhamara uye akagadzira sei panguva yaaigadzira hunyanzvi hwake.
Inofemerwa nekudhirowa naBosch, yainzi Munda une maziso, unozivikanwawo seSango rine nzeve. Iri basa reunyanzvi rine zvimwe zvakaita sezviroto, semuti une maziso nenzeve.
Mukuwedzera kune izvi, kugarisana kuripo neimba yepurazi kunogona kuratidzwa. Izvo zvinotitungamira kuti tinzwisise kuti art inogona kuramba yakakosha sei kunyangwe paine zvimwe zvakasanganiswa zvinhu zvinogona kumiririra akaremara maficha pakati pavo.
Mune iri basa raJoan Miró iwe unogona zvakare kuona zvimwe zviratidzo zvakatorwa zvakazara kune surrealism. Iyo pendi yakatangwa zvakare muMont Roig uye, sevamwe, yakabudiswa muParis.
Catalan landscape
Basa racho rinonziwo The Hunter, rakashandiswa kubva muna 1923 kusvika muna 1924. Rine zvinhu zvenyika inorota, apo zvinhu zvinokosha zve surrealist automatism zvinoratidzwawo.
Mune iri basa, referensi inoitwawo kune zvimwe zviratidzo zvinoratidzira zvinomiririra masisitimu ekufananidzira akajairwa ejometry, schematic zvinhu zvinoratidzwa mitsara nemapoinzi.
Zvakakosha kutaura kuti basa iri rinotsvaga kumiririra tsika. Zvinorevawo kumagumo ecarnival yezvimiro zveSpanish, zvichiratidza zvese kuburikidza nezvinhu zve surrealism.
iyo harlequin carnival
Yakagadzirwa kubva 1924 kusvika 1925. Mariri unogona kunyatsoona surrealist system. Zvinotendwa kuti panguva yebasa iri, Miró akagara kwenguva refu asina kudya, nechinangwa chekuti zvionekwe nekuda kwekushaya chikafu zvaizomubvumira kushanda zviri nani.
Pasinei nezviito zvake, zvinogona kuonekwa kuti shamhu dzake dzakanyatso chenjera, dzichiratidza fungidziro yakakwana inotitungamira kuzvinhu zvekuzvikoshesa.
Mariri unogona kuona automaton iyo iri kushandisa gitare kupa rwiyo. Mukuwedzera kune izvi, kune harlequin mubasa rine masharubu uye mamwe marudzi emifananidzo, iyo pakuona kwekutanga hairatidzi chero hukama, asi kana ikanyatsotariswa inoenderana nekufananidzira.
Dutch mukati
Yakaratidzwa muna 1928. Yakagadzirwa paaigara muParis, sezvo panguva iyi akakwanisa kushanyira Belgium neHolland. Ndokusaka akatanga neboka remabasa akanga ane chokuita zvakananga nemaguta maviri aya.
Mumabasa ake kubva mumaguta aya akatsvaka kuratidza unyanzvi hwenzvimbo dzose dziri mbiri. Semuenzaniso, muDutch Interiors akafemerwa naHendrick Martensz Sorgh's The Dressing Table naHendrick Martensz Sorgh.
mutambi wechiSpanish
Yakaurayiwa muna 1928, chaizvo panguva iyo Miró akaisa pendi parutivi kuti azvipire pakuveza. Mariri airatidza zvinhu zveDadaism, hurongwa hwakabatana zvachose neSurrealism.
Kubva pano ndipo pakazvarwa The Spanish Dancer, ibasa umo rudzi rwakati rusina kunyatsotsanangurwa. Mukati mebasa iri, chinangwa ndechekuratidza zvinhu zveiyo inoumbwa ndege yechimiro.
Mukohwi
Izvi zvinooneka pakuva mural unoratidza pavilion mukati meRepublic of Spain, iyo yakaitwa paInternational Exhibition muParis yakaitwa muna 1937. Nokuda kweichi chikonzero, ndiro rimwe remabasa anozivikanwa zvikuru naJoan Miró.
Yakanga yakatanhamara kwazvo zvokuti yakapfuurira kuchinjirwa kuValencia, zvisinei kuti yakaparadzwa mukuwirirana nezvinyorwa zva 1938. Ikoku kwakangounza bedzi kwatiri sechinyorwa chemifananidzo umo ruvara rwebasa rusingagoni kukosheswa sezvo vari muruvara rutema namachena.
Iyo mural inoratidza mucheki weCatalan anozviratidza kuburikidza nekuratidzira.
Nyeredzi murudo rwemukadzi
Rakabudiswa muna 1941. Rinotevera mufananidzo mutsva wakagadzirwa uye wakaitwa naMiró. Inoratidza zvinonyanya kuzivikanwa zvemapoka enyeredzi. Basa rinotsvaga kuratidza nyeredzi, shiri nevakadzi sedingindira rekutanga. Izvi zvakare zvinova zvinhu zvakajairika mukati meMiró's artic system.
Nyemwerero ine mapapiro anopisa
Yakagadzirirwa 1953, mushure menguva yakareba iyo Joan Miró akange aisa parutivi pendi yemafuta. Basa rake rakaunza zvinhu zvitsva zvachose mukati mezvinozivikanwa muunyanzvi hwake.
Mariri iwe unogona kufungidzira mamwe mapurasitiki anoonekwa seakakosha kune munyori. Mukuwedzera kune izvi, mitsara, putos, mavara mazhinji mukutaura kwavo kwakachena uye mifananidzo yejometri inoratidzwa. Zvese kuti titambe nezvinhu zvinotiendesa kunyika yevana.
Kune rumwe rutivi, nyeredzi nhema mumitsara, mapoinzi uye contours zvinoratidzwa pacanvas. Yero, tsvuku uye bhuruu zvakare zvakashandiswa zvakanyanya.
Mwedzi
Izvi zvakagadzirirwa 1958, zvinomira pakati pemabasa aJoan Miró. Inoratidza shanduko yaive naMiró mukati mehunyanzvi hweveruzhinji. Aya ndiwo mamwe emabasa akaitwa mukati merudzi urwu rimwe rechiratidzo. Pamusoro peizvi, inogona kutariswa kuParis dzimbahwe reUNESCO.
Bhuruu
Mariri iwe unogona kuona zvinhu zvekubvisa. Pamberi pechinhanho ichi, aive akazvipira kune surrealism, asi sezvaakashanduka mune unyanzvi, akasvika pakutonga zvachose mutauro usinganzwisisiki. Apo mamwe matauriro akananga akatenderwa kudzikira.
Bhuruu inorongedzerwa se triptych uko void ndiyo inonyanya kukosha yebasa. Pamusoro peizvi, inoratidza kukosha kwekuti nzvimbo ine mukati mebasa.
ndarama yeazure
Iri basa rakakanganiswa muna 1967. Mubhuku iri raJoan Miró zvinogona kuonekwa kuti mutauro usinganzwisisi unoenderera sei kushanduka mukati mekukura kwake kwehunyanzvi. Zvakare, zvimwe zvinhu zvechiratidzo zvinogona kunongedzerwa.
Izvo zvakakoshawo kutaura kuti mune iyi canvas iyo yakanyanya yero ndiye protagonist, semune dzimwe nzvimbo dzepasi, bhuruu. Zvizhinji zvechiratidzo mukati mebasa iri zvinoreva vakadzi, varume uye zvakare nyeredzi dzinoitika mukati mehupenyu hwevanhu.
Vakaroorana vari murudo nemitambo yemarumondi
Yakagadzirirwa 1975, mubasa iri naJoan Miró anotaura nezvezvinhu zvechirume uye zvechikadzi. Zvakakosha kutaura kuti chimiro chakaumbwa nekukwirira kukuru ndicho chinomiririra murume.
Kune rumwe rutivi, kune chimiro chedenderedzwa chinotsvaka kufananidzira zuva. Zvichakadaro mukadzi anoratidza kuburikidza neblue mass ine crescent formation yakafanana nemwedzi.
Foundation Tapestry
Yakagadzirirwa 1979. Inomiririra maitiro ake anotsanangurwa asina kugadzikana, kuwedzera kune zvinyorwa zvinyorwa zvinowanzoita zvemhando yake yeunyanzvi. Kune rumwe rutivi, inopa zviyero zvakajairwa zvekupenda uye kukosha kwavo.
Pakati pezvinhu zvebasa iri raJoan Miró pane tapestry, apo zviratidzo zvemifananidzo zvinoratidzwa zvinomiririra zvakananga chimiro chinomiririra zvizere Miró.
mukadzi neshiri
Yakagadzirirwa 1983. Mukadzi wechirume anogona kuonekwa mukati maro, izvo zvinotibvumira kuona hukadzi hwake mumucheka unofananidzira mukadzi. Pamusoro peizvi, inopa ngowani ine shiri, nokudaro ichigadzira mativi anonyatsoratidza.
Nokudaro, basa rinotsvaka kuzvibata pacharo mukati mekusununguka, kushandisa ndege chaiyo. Chimiro chayo chakagadzirwa nekeramic mukongiri. Panguva imwecheteyo ndeye mutero kuCatalan Antonio Gaudí iyo inokurudzira zvinhu zvine mavara zvine hukama neguta reBarcelona.
Biography yaJoan Miro
Joan Miró anoonekwa seakakosha pakuva muvezi weceramic uye muvezi. Akazvarwa muBarcelona musi waApril 20, 1893. Kune rumwe rutivi, hupenyu hwake hunopera musi waDecember 25, 1983 muPalma de Mallorca. Yakagadzirwa muChikoro cheCommerce cheBarcelona, kuzozodzidziswa muChikoro chepamusoro cheIndustrial Arts uye Fine Arts.
Akavandudza mukati mebasa reakaunzi uye anoshanda kwenguva muchiitiko ichi. Akabata chiratidziro chake chekutanga mukati meBarcelona City Council. Mushure meizvozvo, akaenda kuMont roig del Camp, ndiko kwaakatanga shanduko yake semupendi.
Yakanga iri mushure meizvi kuti muna 1912 akatanga zvachose nemabasa ake akatsaurirwa kune unyanzvi hwepurasitiki. Ndicho chikonzero akasarudza kudzidzisa paFrancesc Galí School of Art, kwaakatanga kukura kwake muCourbet Group. Mamiriro ezvinhu aya anobvumira Joan Miró kuti atange kusangana nevakawanda vane mukurumbira kubva kunyika yehunyanzvi.
Development muParis
Pakazosvika 1920 anosarudza kuenda kuParis, kwaaigara achiita mabasa akafuridzirwa nekunaka kweguta uye dzimwe nzvimbo dzaakasarudza kushanyira, dzakadai seHolland neBelgium.
Muguta rino anowana kugovana nevazhinji vevanyori nevanyori vane kukosha kukuru, izvo zvakamubvumira kuti akudziridze nemazvo zvakanyanya zvinhu zvesurrealist zvakaitwa mukati memabasa ake.
Pamusoro pezvese, yaive muParis kuti akaroora Pilar Juncosa, waaive nemwanasikana ainzi María Dolores. Kana uchida unogona kuverenga chinyorwa Pepita Jimenez.
internationality
Mushure meHondo Yenyika Yechipiri, mabasa aJoan Miró akakwanisa kuve epasi rose nekuda kwemhando yepamusoro. Izvi zvinobvumira kuti ive yakatsaurirwa zvizere mukati menyika yehunyanzvi.
Ndimo mushure meizvi ndipo paanofunga kushanduka nekuita mapurojekiti akapararira pasirese ari ega. Izvi zvinowedzera kumuwanira zita remutambi ane simba wechizvarwa chake.
Nekune rimwe divi, akapihwa Guggenheim International Award ye1958, akapihwawo Carnegie International Grand Prize yekupenda muna 1967. Mabasa ake anoonekwa senhaka munyika yehunyanzvi, sezvo akagadzira art yemazuva ano nenzira yakasarudzika. nekushandisa zvinhu zvitsva zvako.