Chokwadi uri kushamisika kana leishmaniasis mumbwa inotapukira, asi kutanga unofanira kuziva rudzi rwechirwere chatiri kutaura nezvacho. Chirwere chinogona kukanganisa imbwa zvikuru, chinokonzerwa neparasite inonzi microscopic protozoan inonzi leishmania. Dzidza zvakawanda pazasi.
Ko leishmaniasis mumbwa inotapukira here?
Nezvekunetseka uku, isu tinofanirwa kukuzivisai kuti hapana zvidzidzo zvakapa humbowo hwakakwana mune izvi. Asi, nekufunga zvine musoro tinofanira kukuudza kuti kuva nechipfuwo mumba hachiwedzere njodzi yekutapukira, kunyangwe chipfuyo chichirwara. Chaunofanirwa kudzivirira kusava nechipfuwo, asi mosquito inotapurira ichitiruma uye, kana ukafunga nezvazvo, munzvimbo dzine leishmanias endemic, nhamba yejecha inobhururuka yakakura kwazvo, saka inogona kukuruma iwe chero kupi. , kunyange kana usina mhuka dzinovaraidza.
Zviratidzo zvinowanzoonekwa zvekliniki
Usati wanetseka pamusoro pekuziva kana leishmaniasis mumbwa inotapukira, unofanira kuziva zviratidzo zvayo. Zvichida chiratidzo chekiriniki chinonyanya kuoneka ndechekuti iwe uchaona kuti imbwa yako ichatanga sei kurasikirwa nemvere dzayo, kunyanya munzvimbo yakapoteredza maziso, nzeve uye mhino. Sezvo chirwere ichi chichifambira mberi, imbwa yako inotanga kuonda, kunyange zvazvo icharamba ichidya zvakafanana, saka, chaizvoizvo, iwe unogona kusanetseka, asi unofanira.
Iwe unozotanga kuona kuti imbwa yako icharatidza mamwe maronda eganda, kunyanya pamusoro uye paw nzvimbo, idzo nzvimbo dzeimbwa dzinowanzova padyo nepasi kana ichifamba, igere, kana kufamba. Kana nekuda kwerombo rakaipa kana kusava nehanya, chirwere chinova chisingaperi, chichave chakaoma nezvirwere zvemukati, uye zvinogona kutungamirira mukukundikana kwetsvo pane dzimwe nguva uye leishmaniasis mumbwa inotapukira apo mosquito inoruma uye ipapo inoruma kune imbwa ine utano.
Chatingataura ndechekuti leishmaniasis mumbwa inotapurirana chete kana imbwa dzakawanda dzikarumwa neumhutu hunotapurira chirwere ichi, asi hahufe hwakapararira kubva imbwa kuenda kune imbwa. Motokari yekutumira inodiwa, inova mosquito.
https://youtu.be/YwDqagGFEyk
Canine leishmaniasis munyika
Kana iwe uchida kutsvaga chirwere ichi munzvimbo, tichakuudza kuti inowanikwa munyika dzakawanda dzeLatin America uye munyika dzose dziri muMediterranean, kutanga neMorocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, Egypt, Israel, Turkey, Nyasha, Malta, Italy, France, Spain nePortugal.
Leishmaniasis muSpain
Kana tichida kutaura nezvekwairi kuSpain, tinokuzivisai kuti matunhu akanyanya kupararira uye mune leishmaniasis mumbwa inotapukira ndeye Castilla, León, Extremadura, Castilla-La Mancha, Andalucía, Murcia, Levante, Baleares. , Madrid, Catalonia neAragon, kunyange zvazvo iripowo kune dzimwe nzvimbo, kunyange zvazvo ine zvishoma zvishoma, zvisinei, yakapararira muSpain geography.
Riskiest nguva yegore
Leishmaniasis mumbwa inotapukira uye inotapurirwa kuburikidza nekurumwa kweumhutu uye izvi zvinoonekwa pane dzimwe nguva apo kupisa kunotanga, anenge kubva mumwedzi waMay uye kupera munaSeptember, kunyange zvazvo kupisa kwakareba kunogona kusvika kusvika munaOctober.
Ngatiyeukei kuti umhutu hunoramba huri muchikamu chechando munguva yechando yechando, saka zvakakosha kuita mabasa efumigation, pasinei nenguva yegore yatinozviita. Asi munzvimbo dzeSpain dzinodziya, leishmaniasis mumbwa inotapukira uye isu tichaona kuti kune kutapurira umhutu mukati megore, saka munzvimbo idzi, hutachiona kuburikidza nekurumwa hunogona kuitika gore rose.
Leishmaniasis sechikonzero chekufa
Zvinosuruvarisa, tinofanira kukuudza kuti hongu. Leishmaniasis chirwere chinowanzokonzera rufu kune nhamba huru yembwa dzinotapukirwa nayo kana tikasatora tarisiro yakakwana uye tisingavapi kurapwa kwakakwana uye kutarisirwa kwakakodzera mushure mekubatwa.
Ngozi dzekutapurirana
Kana imbwa yako isina chero dziviriro, leishmaniasis mumbwa inotapukira uye njodzi inogona kuva pakati pe3% ne18%. Ehe, mwero wengozi unowedzera kana imbwa yako ichigara kumaruwa kana pedyo nemaguta, pamwe chete kana ichigara munzvimbo dzinodziya dzenyika uye kana ikagara kunze kwemba husiku. Nezve kana leishmaniasis mumbwa inotapukira, takambotsanangura kuti haigone kutapurirwa kubva kumbwa kuenda kune imbwa, nekuti kurumwa kwemosquito inotakura leishmania inodiwa.
Mhando dze leishmania dziriko
Kune akati wandei emhando dzeleishmania dzakasiyana kubva kune imwe neimwe, muchiitiko ichi tiri kutaura nezve genera releishmania, ayo anoti leishmania tropica, leishmania mikuru uye leishmania infantum. Asi isu tinofanirawo kukuyambira kuti mukati meimwe neimwe yeiyi genera unogona kuwana akati wandei makirasi kana zymodemes, ane mashoma misiyano pakati pavo.
parasite life cycle
Mukati membwa, chirwere ichi chinogara mukirasi yakakosha ye macrophage leukocytes iripo muropa, muganda uye munhengo dzomukati, inogonawo kurarama mukati memwongo wemapfupa, mumajoini nemidziyo yeropa zvakasimbiswa. canine central nervous system. Kana mosquito, yatinoti sandfly, ikaruma imbwa ine utachiona, inowana utachiona (leishmania) kubva muropa riri paganda rayo. Zvadaro, mukati medumbu reumhutu, masero ane utachiona anoputika uye utachiona, huchasunungurwa, hunoshandura morphology yavo uye hurefu.
Maparasite matsva aya ane morphology yakareba anoyangarara mukati medumbu reumhutu uye anonamatira kumadziro eura. Kuberekwa kwaro kunoitwa nenzira yekuparadzanisa muzvikamu zviviri uye zvichingodaro, kusvikira munguva pfupi nzira yekudya ye mosquito yakazara nemaparasite aya.
Umhutu hukadzi pahunoruma imwe mhuka zvakare, utachiona hunowanikwa muchikamu chayo chokudya hunoendeswa muropa kuganda rembwa. Kana izvi zvikaitika, chironda chiduku chinogona kuonekwa paganda rembwa, iyo inonzi inoculation chancre, pedyo nenzvimbo iyo yakarumwa.
Chinhu chinowanzoitika ndechokuti imbwa inogamuchira kurumwa pamhino kana munzeve. Iri munzvimbo idzi apo utachiona hunokwanisa kutora macrophages eropa remhuka uye rinodzoka kuva nekuchinja kwechimiro chinoitora kune chimiro chayo chedenderedzwa chepakutanga. Nechiyero chimwechete icho chancre inoderera zvishoma nezvishoma, zvipembenene zvichange zvichipararira muropa uye munhengo dzomukati dzembwa yedu.
Nzira yekuparadzira leishmaniasis
Leishmaniasis chirwere chinotapuriranwa chete nekurumwa nemosquito yechikadzi yerudzi rwejecha, saka leishmaniasis mumbwa inotapuriranwa chete kana imbwa dzakawanda dzikarumwa neumhutu humwechete hunoparadzira.
Makirasi ejecha nhunzi dzinoparadzira leishmaniasis
Munharaunda yeSpanish, marudzi anopfuura gumi nembiri ejecha anogona kuwanikwa, asi pane ose, maviri chete anokwanisa kutapurira leishmaniasis, iyo P. perniciosus uye P. ariasi. Pamusoro pezvo, hadzi chete dzeumhutu idzi ndidzo dzinoparadzira chirwere ichi.
Mukadzi chete ndiye anotapurira leishmaniasis
Vese varume nevakadzi veumhutu uhu vanodya shuga inowanikwa mumuto wechirimwa kana muto weaphid, asi hadzi chete dzinodya ropa.
Chikonzero cheizvi ndechekuti mukadzi anoda ropa kuti akwanise kuburitsa mazai ayo nekubereka. Anenge mazuva manomwe mushure mekudya kweropa, hadzi imwe neimwe inokwanisa kukandira mazai anenge 100 muvhu rakanyorova rine zvinhu zvakawanda zvakasimwa.
Majecha matsva haazvarwe aine infestation
Tinofanira kukuudza kuti ndizvo. Panyaya yehutachiwana uhu, chiitiko chinoda kuziva zvikuru chinoitika uye ndechekuti nhunzi imwe neimwe inozvarwa isina leishmania mukati mayo, zvisinei nekuti amai vayo vane hutachiona uye chikonzero ndechekuti maparasite anongopinda mugastric system uye kwete kubereka, saka mazai akachengetedzeka kubva kune infestation.
Chii chinodiwa kuti infestation iitike
Maitirwo acho ndeaya, chokutanga nhunzi yejecha yechikadzi inofanira kuruma mhuka ine utachiona hweleishmaniasis, nekuti ndiyo nzira yaanowana nayo utachiona uhu, nguva pfupi inofanira kubvumidzwa kuti leishamania ichinje chimiro uye kuberekana. by binary division uyezve anofanira kuruma imbwa ine utano.
Pakarumwa hadzi kechipiri, utachiona hunenge hwaiswa paganda rembwa uye ndizvo zvinongodiwa kuti ibatane, kugaya kwayo kusati kwapindwa nechirwere ichi.
Sandflies ndiyo chete nzira yekufambisa
Kana iri imbwa, kurumwa nejecha rechikadzi ndiyo chete nzira inozivikanwa yekutapurirana kweleishmaniasis. Munyaya yevanhu, kutapurirana kunogonawo kuitika kuburikidza nekushandiswa kwetsono dzine utachiona hweropa rine leishmanias, kuitira kuti chimiro chekuendesa kubva kuropa kuenda kuropa.
Kuonekwa kwemosquito yejecha
Majecha umhutu hudiki, hune rudzi rwebvudzi nemapapiro maviri anogona kureba pakati pe2,5 ne3 millimeters, asi kusiyana nemamwe marudzi eumhutu, haaite ruzha kana ruzha paanenge achibhururuka.
Ruvara rweumhutu uhwu hunogona kusiyana kubva pamashanga akareruka kuenda kuruvara rwebrown. Panguva yadzinoruma, dzinoonekwa nekusvetuka mapapiro adzo akasimudza pamusoro pemuviri wemhuka. Nenzira imwe cheteyo dzinoruma vanhu. Munyaya yevanhu vane hanya kana kuti vane allergic zvakanyanya, kurumwa kweumhutu uku kunogona kukonzera kugadzikana kwakasimba, kunyange nekukwenya kuripo.
nzvimbo yejecha
Iri kirasi yeumhutu haiwanzoonekwa mukati mezuva, nokuti inogara yakavigwa mumitswe, maburi uye mikaha, ichitsvaga rima. Umhutu hunoparadzira leishmaniasis mumbwa haugari pamahombekombe. Nzvimbo yavo yekugara inzvimbo dzekumaruwa kana nzvimbo dzemuguta dzine miti yakawanda, semapaki kana magadheni, asi dzinofanirawo kunge dziri nzvimbo dzine mwando, kuitira kuti dzibereke.
sandfly life cycle
Makonye anochochonya kubva mumazai svondo rimwechete mushure mekukandira uye anofanira kupfuura nepakati pezvinhanho zvina pupa kana chrysalis isati yaita. Dzinosvika pakukura mazuva anenge gumi kubva pakuchechenya. Kutenderera kwese kubva pakukandira zai kusvika pakukura kunotora mwedzi miviri.
Ko mukadzi anoda kuruma kangani?
Jecha rechikadzi rinowanzoruma pakati pekatatu kusvika kane risati rafa, nekuti ndizvo zvarinoda kuti aenderere mberi nekuberekesa mazai ake, zvinova zvinovimbisa kuti nhunzi itsva dzazvarwa, saka kurumwa kunoenderana nekuti kangani dzingaridzwa. Saka munhukadzi ane utachiona anokwanisa kutapurira imbwa mbiri kusvika nhatu.
Nguva yezuva apo sandflies dzinoruma
Iri boka reumhutu rinotanga kushanda pakudoka uye rinoramba richifamba kusvika kwaedza. Umhutu wenharaunda yeMediterranean inonakidzwa neusiku nekudziya kwekushisa, kwete pasi pe 16º C. Nekuda kwehukuru hwavo hushoma, hazvibviri kuti vatize kana mhepo ine simba, uye kwavari yakasimba kana mhepo ichivhuvhuta. .vanofamba inopfuura mita pasekondi, asi kana mhepo yakadzikama, vanokwanisa kubhururuka madaro marefu, anosvika makiromita maviri usiku humwe.
Sandflies dzinogona kupinda mudzimba
Kazhinji, sandfly inoruma zvakanyanya munzvimbo dzekunze, kunyangwe ichiwanikwawo kazhinji mukati mezvivakwa. Matsvagiro avanoita ropa ari kuburikidza nehwema hwemhuka, iyo yavanokwanisa kuona kuburikidza nemhepo. Muchiitiko ichocho dzinobhururuka dzichirwisana nemhepo kuti dzikwanise kumhara pamhuka uye kuiruma.
Matanho ekutora kana imbwa yako ichirwara
Ehe, uchafanirwa kuenda naye kun'anga, uyo anozokwanisa kuita ongororo umo ropa rake rinozoongororwa kuti aone kana ane utachiona uhu. Saizvozvo, kana imbwa ikaratidza zvimwe zvezviratidzo, chiremba wemhuka anogonawo kutora sampu yemwongo wepfupa kana matishu kubva kune yakazvimba lymph node kuitira kuti iongororwe pasi pemaikorosikopu kuti ione.
Incubation nguva yechirwere
Iyo incubation nguva inogona kutora pakati pemwedzi mitatu ne3. Kunyanya, zvakasimbiswa kuti chirwere chinogona kuramba chakanyarara kwemakore akawanda. Zvakaitikawo kuti dzimwe imbwa hadzina kumira mushe uye kunyangwe dzikarumwa nenhunzi hadziratidzi zviratidzo zvehurwere.
Zvechokwadi, chero bedzi dziri imbwa dzakadyiswa zvakanaka, dzinogara munzvimbo ine rudo, yakadzikama uye isingatamburi nekunetseka. Kupokana uku kuchirwere kunogona kubva kune genetic predisposition.
Diagnostic nzira
Iwo anonyanya kushandiswa bvunzo ndeaya anovavarira kuona kuvepo kweparasite muimbwa, kunyangwe painewo miyedzo inodzidza mhinduro yekudzivirira yechirwere chechirwere ichipokana nacho, ndeye serological bvunzo dzinoedza kuona kana chipenyu chakazvidzivirira uye. against chii.
Kana zvichifungidzirwa kuti imbwa ine leishmania infestation, miedzo yakawanda inogona kushandiswa panguva imwe chete, kuitira kuti ive nechokwadi chekuongororwa, pakati peiyo biopsy yemapfupa emapfupa kana lymph node samples inogona kugadzwa. kuona tupukanana pasi pemaikorosikopu, serological bvunzo kuona chiyero chekupindura kweimbwa immune system uye bvunzo yeproteinogram.
Munzvimbo dzine canine leishmaniasis, imbwa dzinogara dzichiongororwa gore rega rega dzichishandisa kitsi dzekuongorora nekukurumidza, dzinoshandisa ropa rembwa kuona chero hutachiona hunogona kutanga.
Kukurumidza kuongororwa ndicho chinhu chikuru
Zvinokurudzirwa kuti utore imbwa yako kamwe pagore kuna vet kuti bvunzo dzinoenderana dziitwe. Nenzira iyi iwe unogara uine kuongororwa kwekutanga uye kurapwa kwakakodzera kunogona kuiswa, kuitira kudzora zviratidzo uye kuderedza mukana wekuti imbwa inogona kufa.
Kurapa kana kurwara
Kana iwe uchicherechedza kuti imbwa yako inoratidza zviratidzo zvekare zvechirwere ichi, unofanira kuitora kune veterinarian kuitira kuti vaite serological uye mamwe maedzo, kuti vaone kuti ine leishmaniasis. Mushonga wacho uchabudirira zvikuru kana ukatanga apo chirwere chacho chiri munhanho dzayo dzokutanga.
Asi isu tinofanira kukuudza kuti, zvinosuruvarisa, kurapwa hakuzorapi imbwa yako, inongobvisa zviratidzo uye haizodziviriri imbwa yako kubva kutambura kudzoka shure gare gare, saka zvakakosha kuti uicherechedze nekuitora zvishoma. kamwe chete pagore kune veterinary consultation, kuona kushanduka kwayo.
Kana iri nguva, nemishonga yakakodzera, kurapwa kunofanira kuitwa kwemavhiki akawanda, asi utachiona hucharamba huri mukati membwa. Ikoko ichagara kusvikira pakuguma kwehupenyu hwembwa yako, nokuda kwechikonzero ichocho, ichakwanisa kuratidza zviratidzo zvechirwere pane dzimwe nguva, mune imwe neimwe iyo kurapa kuchafanira kudzokororwa.
Mhando dzekurapa dziripo
Mishonga inonyanya kushandiswa ndeye antimonial compounds iyo inoshandiswa nejekiseni uye kurapwa kwakakwana kunofanira kupiwa kwemavhiki akawanda, kunyange nhasi kunewo mishonga inopiwa nemuromo, asi izvo zvinoenderana nehuwandu hwechirwere chembwa. ane.
imbwa inorwara inodzokerazve
Izvo chaizvo hazvina kugadzikana uye zvakaoma kufungisisa. Izvi zvinoenderana nezvakawanda zvakaita semararamiro embwa, kuti ichange yabatwazve here nedzimwe kurumwa nejecha, uyewo madyiro uye kudzora kwechiremba wezvipfuyo kwairi kutariswa.Kunyanya kutarisirwa, kunobva kwadzikira ngozi yekuti iite utano hwembwa hunodzikira.
Nekudaro, kana iwe wakanyatso chengeta chipfuyo chako uye uchichitora gore negore kuenda kunoona chiremba wemhuka, kuongororwa kunogona kuitwa nekukurumidza uye nekutanga chirwere chikaonekwa, zviri nani sarudzo dzekukwanisa kuzvidzora, nekusagadzikana kudiki. nokuda kwembwa.
Kana imbwa yako yairwara neleishmaniasis uye zviratidzo zvikaonekwa zvakare, chaunofanira kuita kukurumidza kuendesa imbwa kukiriniki yemhuka, kuitira kuti nyanzvi igoraira kurapwa kwakakodzera uye kutonga kwembwa yako.
Mushonga wekudzivirira leishmaniasis
Kune majekiseni anopesana neleishmaniasis pamusika, ane huwandu hwepamusoro hwekushanda, asi chimwe chinhu chisingakurudzirwi chete asi kuti iwe unofanirwa kugara uchifunga, nokuti gore negore rekudzivirira booster rinodiwa, kuitira kuti imbwa irambe isingadziviriri. pamusoro pechirwere ichi.
Zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvinogona kudzivirira imbwa
Pane zvigadzirwa pamusika zvinogona kuuya mukupfapfaidza mharidzo, mumapipette nemakora, ane basa rekudzivirira imbwa kurwisa kurumwa nejecha. Chikwata chezvigadzirwa ichi chinoshanda semushonga wekudzinga humhutu hunotapurira utachiona uhu. Nekuti mosquito isingarume, haifambisi leishmaniasis.
Pane 100% kudzivirira here?
Zvinosuruvarisa, hapana chigadzirwa chinogona kuvimbisa 100% kuchengetedzwa. Iyo yakawanda yakasvikwa ndeyekuwana 95% kuchengetedzwa, kuburikidza nekubatanidzwa kwese kunowanikwa matanho ekudzivirira.
Kuruma kwejecha
Yeuka kuti iyo chete inoparadzira leishmaniasis ndiyo mosquito yejecha, nekuda kwechikonzero ichocho, unogona kuva nechokwadi chokuti kana pasina jecha rinoruma imbwa yako, hazvibviri kuti irware. Iwe unofanirwa kuedza kuchengeta imbwa yako mukati memba kubva pakutanga kwemasikati kusvika mambakwedza pakati pemwedzi waMay naOctober. Kunze kwekunge uchigara munzvimbo inodziya gore rose, muchiitiko ichi unofanirwa kuichengeta yakachengeteka nguva dzese. Chimwe chiyero chaunofanira kushandisa kuisa mosquito net munzvimbo dzinorara imbwa yako.
Leishmaniasis muvanhu
Izvi zvakaoma chaizvo kutsikisa. Parizvino, zvinofungidzirwa kuti kune kuwedzera kwemamiriyoni maviri echirwere cheleishmaniasis muvanhu pasi rose gore rega rega. Panyaya yeSpain, fungidziro yemakore achangopfuura ndeyekuti yakatenderedza 150 kusvika ku200 vatsva vanonyoreswa gore rega.
Munhamba iyi, kumiririrwa kukuru kunowanikwa pakati pevanhu vanorwara nechirwere chinokanganisa immune system yavo, sevaya vanorwara neAIDS, varwere vane immunosuppressed uye varwere vakaitwa transplant uye vari kurapwa kuti vadzivise kurambwa kwenhengo yavo. akasimwa.
Kupararira kwevanhu
Kurumwa kwejecha chete kunoita kuti munhu abatwe nechirwere che<em>leishmaniasis, asi njodzi yemigumisiro yayo pamuviri wako inowedzera kana uri munhu ane masoja ekudzivirira zvirwere nezvimwe zvirwere.
Zvakaonekwa ndezvekuti mumakore achangopfuura kwave nekuwedzera kwechirwere ichi, kuwedzera kwenhamba yevanhu vanobatwa nechirwere ichi, kunyange pakati pevanhu vane hutano hwakakwana, zvichinzi chikonzero ichi ndechekuwedzera kwehuwandu hwetsuro netsuro mumapaki emumapaki. nharaunda dzakapoteredza maguta, vachikwanisa kubvumikisa kuti idzi mhuka duku dziri kushanda sematura ehosha.
Dambudziko repamusoro rehutachiona muvana
Kana ari mwana mudiki, ichokwadi kuti ari panjodzi huru yekutapukirwa, nekuti masoja emuviri wake wemumuviri wemuviri asati anyatsokura, saka vari nyore vanyajambwa vekubatwa nechirwere ichi.
Kungwarira kwakakosha kunofanirwa kutorwa kuti uzvidzivirire.
Chokwadi, zviri nyore kuti utore matanho akati wandei ekudzivirira kupararira kwechirwere ichi, kunyanya kana wajaira kuenda kumagadheni kana kumapaki uko kune tsuro, tsuro kana chero imwe mhuka inogona kuita sedura releishmania. , kunyanya kana ukazviita kana kwadoka kana kuti kwayedza, inova nguva yebasa gurusa rekuparadzira umhutu.
Nechikonzero ichi, tinokurudzira kuti utore matanho ekudzivirira ganda rako kubva pakurumwa, kupfeka hembe dzakakodzera uye kushandisa mafuta ekuzora umhutu kana makirimu, pamwe nekudzivirira vana vanofamba netsoka vane mesh inodzivirira tumbuyu. Rimwe rairo ratinokupai nderekuti mudzimba dziri munzvimbo dzine njodzi, mishonga yekudzinga umhutu nemambure emosquito inoshandiswa pamagonhi nepamahwindo kudzivirira kupinda kweshasha.
Kana iwe wakafarira kuverenga uku, zvinokwanisika kuti iwe uchafarirawo kuverenga:
Magnificent article. Zvakandijekesera zvinhu zvakawanda. Pandinongogona ndinotora imbwa yangu kuti iongororwe uye ibaiwe. Mhungu yakadini, mhungu!