Chii chinonzi Milky Way?
Gwara renzou ndiro gwara redu renzou, ndiko kuti, gwara renzou uko kune nyeredzi dzedu.
Asi isu hatisi toga mune iyi galactic kuumbwa, kutaura zvazviri, isu tingori imwe diki-decimal poindi mune yakasarudzika nyeredzi nyeredzi.
Kubva makarekare, vasingaverengeki vazivi venyeredzi nevacherechedzi vakaedza kujekesa chimiro chechokwadi uye milky way features, asi nekuda kwehukuru hwayo, zvave zvisiri nyore zvachose.
Makore mashoma apfuura zvave zvichikwanisika kutanga kuunganidza data rinogoneka pane akasiyana fungidziro ane chekuita nebumbiro rayo, zviyero, nhamba yenyeredzi, zera, maitiro ekuumbwa, kutamiswa, nezvimwe.
Muchinyorwa chino, tinoda kukuudza, nenzira inonakidza uye ine udzame, zvose zvatinoziva kusvika pari zvino pamusoro peGwara Renzou, nyaya inofadza zvechokwadi kune chero ani zvake anoda zvenyeredzi nedenga.
Yedu Galaxy yakakura zvekuti inosvika nepakati pemapoka enyeredzi matatu: Perseus, Cassiopeia uye Cepheus Unoziva here kuti zvii zvese Southern Constellations?
Ngatitangei neyokutanga: Unoziva here kuti nei ichinzi milky way galaxy?
Nhoroondo yeMilky Way
Iwe unoziva sei ichinzi nzira yemukaka galaxy yedu?
Kana tikaienzanisa nemazita edzimwe nyeredzi, magalaxi uye galactic formations, Iyo mukaka nzira Zvinoita sezita risinganzwisisike. Asi pane nyaya iri seri kwerubhabhatidzo rwakasiyana urwu, runogona kutsanangura zvese.
Zita reMilky Way, semamwe mazita akawanda ane hukama nezvinhu zvemuchadenga zvinozivikanwa nemunhu, rine mavambo muGreece yekare, uko kwaive nyaya yezvidzidzo zvakawanda uye nenhamba huru yefungidziro pamusoro pechimiro chayo chechokwadi (zvimwe zvinosekesa).
Zvisinei, dzidziso yakabudirira zvikuru yakataurwa nenyanzvi yemasvomhu uye muzivi Democritus in the XNUMXth century BC, anodokusvika makore 600 Ptolemy, nyanzvi yemitumbi yomudenga yakatanhamara zvikurusa yechiGiriki yakanyorwa, asati aberekwa.
Democritus akakurudzira kuti kuumbwa kwakareba, kwakacheneruka, uko kunoratidzika kunge kuyerera kwemukaka wakadururwa mudenga, kwaive kuumbwa kwenyeredzi dzakaungana pamwechete, asi kuti dzaive kure nepasi redu zvekuti vaisakwanisa kusiyanisa ne ziso rakashama.
Sezvaungafungidzira, kurudziro yaDemocritus yainzwika isingagoneki kunharaunda yesainzi panguva iyoyo, kunyanya sezvo mufananidzo weMilky Way waive nerevo yakakosha mungano yavo.
Yakanga isiri kutozosvikira muzana ramakore rechigumi namanomwe ipapo Galileo Galilei yakacherechedzwa kuburikidza neteresikopu yekutanga uye yakakwanisa kutsigira dzidziso dzaDemocritus nechokwadi, ichiona kuti kuchena kuchena mudenga isumbu renyeredzi uye imwe ijeti yemukaka.
Iyo Milky Way yevaGiriki: nyeredzi uye godo remwarikadzi
Sezvatakakuudza, kwakabva zita re Iyo mukaka nzira Yakanga iine hukama hwepedyo nengano dzinonakidza dzechiGiriki, dzine nyaya dzinogara dzizere neruchiva, kutsamwa, chishuvo uye zvimwe zvakawanda zvinoshuva zvehutsika hunokakavadzana.
Ngano yechiGiriki yakapoteredza kuberekwa kweGwara renzou inotanga nechishuvo chinosanozivikanwa chababa vaOlympus, Zeus, nokuda kwomunhu anofa akanaka: Alcmene.
Ngano inoti Zeus, mune imwe yemadambe ake anozivikanwa epabonde, akazvishandura semurume waAlcmene, Mutevedzeri akamunyengera kuti arare naye, waaizomupa pamuviri paizonzi Heracles (Hongu, iyo yakafanana super simba Hercules).
Achiona kuti, pasinei neizvi, mwana akaberekwa asina kukuvadzwa, Hera akatumira nyoka mbiri dzine uturu kuti dziuraye mwana, asi Heracles, semwari akanaka, akanga asina kudzivirirwa kune chepfu uye akapedzisira adzipa nyoka nemaoko ake asina chinhu.
Pashure penguva yakati, Hera akazobvuma hunyengeri uye akarega kuedza kwake kuuraya vacheche.
Nekufamba kwemakore, Heracles akakura asingagutsikane nechimiro chake sechimwari uye akatanga kuzvishingisa kuti nzira chete yekuwana humwari hwakazara yaive yekudyisa zvakananga kubva pachipfuva chemwarikadzi Hera pachake.
Saka, nhema inotaura kuti Heracles akakwira akavanzwa kuOlympus ndokudyisa pazamu raHera paakanga akarara. Achizviona, mwarikadzi anoerekana abva pamwana, uyo akanga achiyamwa nesimba guru.
VaGiriki vaidavira kuti jeti romukaka raibva pambama iyoyo rakanga rakakura zvokuti raiumba nzvimbo yakarebesa uye yakachena mudenga usiku uye vakatanga kuidana. Milky Way.
Kunyange zvazvo ngano yacho ichiita seinosekesa, yakanga yakakosha zvikuru munguva dzekare kuti zita racho rinoramba richishandiswa kureva boka redu renyeredzi, kunyange nhasi.
Milky Way yevaScandinavians
MaVikings eNorway, Sweden neDenmark haana kufuratira nzvimbo chena mudenga, iyo, chaizvoizvo, inogona kuoneka zvakajeka zvikuru kubva kuchamhembe kwehemisphere pasi pano pausiku hwakajeka, zvikurukuru pakati pemwedzi waApril naAugust.
VaNorse vaidavira kuti Gwara renzou rairatidza nzira yokuti mweya isvike Valhalla mushure mekufa kwavo, uko Odin aizovagamuchira nemabiko ekupemberera hondo dzavo.
Gwara renzou rinonzi Milky Way rudzii?
The Milky Way is a spiral galaxy, icho chikamu chikuru chayo ndechekudzika kweguruva renyeredzi nemagasi, pasina kuverenga mazana emabhiriyoni enyeredzi nemapuraneti anozviita mukuzara kwayo.
Chimiro chayo ndeche spiral, inotungamirirwa ne nucleus, kubva kune iyo miviri yakaita sehalo inoparadzaniswa, inoumbwa nehuwandu hwezvinhu zvayo (guruva remuchadenga, mapuraneti, nyeredzi uye mamwe matumbi emuchadenga); Pakupedzisira, madhisiki anowanikwa, akaumbwa nemaoko mana anopa galaxy yedu kutenderera kwayo: Shield Centaur, Perseus, Sagittarius uye Square.
Kuberekwa kweMilky Way: Sekuru vemapoka enyeredzi
The Milky Way imhando yakaoma, iyo inosanganisira zvimwe zvinhu zvakawanda, kuwedzera kune nyeredzi nemapuraneti anoumba akasiyana masisitimu ezuva.
Muchokwadi, zvinotendwa kuti chinhu chekare chatinoziva muGwara renzou tsinga dzemakore dzakapinda munyeredzi (chinhu chekutanga kubva pakabva nyeredzi), icho, zvakare, ndicho chinhu chinotibvumira kuita fungidziro pamusoro pekuti izvo zvakatanga rini. kuumbwa kweMilky Way.
Imwe shanduko inotibvumira kuyera zera rinofungidzirwa regwara redu renzou nekubudirira kumwe kusanganisirwa kwezvinhu zvemwaranzi zvakagara kwenguva refu munyeredzi dzekare dzinoonekwa, kuti tizvienzanise nefungidziro yemazinga ekusungwa panguva yekuzvarwa kwavo.
Zvichienderana nekuverenga kwakaitwa kutenderedza dzidziso iyi, nhasi zvinofungidzirwa kuti Milky Way ine ingangoita 13.500 mabhiriyoni emakore. Akura zvikuru kupfuura akawanda anocherechedzwa enyeredzi.
Ichi ichokwadi chinofadza kwazvo!
Kana dzidziso iyi iri yechokwadi, zvino zvinozoitika kuti gora redu richava rimwe remasumbu ekare ekare, chokwadi, chingave chimwe chezvinhu zvekare kare muUniverse inozivikanwa, ichigadzira inenge panguva yekuzvarwa kweChisiko pachacho. , sezvo kuchidavirwa kuti The Big Bang yakaitika makore mabhiriyoni 13.800 apfuura.
Iyo Milky Way yakakura sei?
Isu hatisati taziva chokwadi chakakwana nezve saizi yeMilky Way. Chatinonyatsoziva ndechekuti Gwara renzou iguru renzou.
Kusvika makore mashoma apfuura, yaifungidzirwa kuti ine dhayamita ye100.000 chiedza makore, asi zviyero zvazvino, zvakaitwa muna 2018 ne super telescope yeBeijing Astronomical Observatory, zvakaramba chiyero ichi.
Kutaura zvazviri, dhisiki reGwara Renzou rava kufungidzirwa kuti rakakura zvakapetwa kaviri sezvaimbofungwa, uye dhayamita raro idzva rinofungidzirwa kuti richangopfuura. 200.000 chiedza makore.
Kuwedzerwa kwayo mumakiromita kwakaenzana netiriyoni imwe nehafu (1.500.000.000.000.000.000 km). Kuenzanisa, kureba pakati pePasi neZuva 147.000.000 km.
Zvakadaro, kunyangwe data iri hariratidzike serinoperera uye zvakaburitswa zvichangobva kubuda zvakaratidza kuti panogona kunge paine nyeredzi dziri kunze kweyezvino miganho inofungidzirwa yedhisiki regirazi, saka inogona kunge yakatokura kupfuura yatinofunga.
Ine huremu hwakaenzana nemamiriyoni 700.000 ezuva.
Ongororo yakaitwa nenyanzvi yenyeredzi Gwendolyn Eadie inoratidza kuti boka redu renyeredzi rine zvinhu zvakawanda. Pamwe chete, zvinofungidzirwa kuti, kuwedzera nyeredzi, stardust nemapuraneti ose, Gwara renzou rinogona kuva nehukuru hunodarika mamiriyoni 700.000 XNUMX ezuva sezuva redu.
gora renyeredzi
Zvinozivikanwa kuti makwara enzou akawanda anosvika mativi akakura chaizvo muupenyu hwavo hwose, uye anozviita nenzira imwe chete: nokudyisa mamwe mapoka enyeredzi akaderera.
Gwara renzou rinotendwa serimwe rawo, gomba renzou, rine simba rinokwevera zvinhu pasi zvine simba zvekuti rinokwanisa kuyamwa mumaroti madiki anoita chikanganiso chekuswedera pedyo.
Dzidziso iyi inobva pakugara kwenguva refu kwegwara redu renzou, iro rakakurawo kudarika mamwe atinokwanisa kuona kubva kuNyika.
Chokwadi, zvinotendwa kuti richiri boka renyeredzi duku, makore mamiriyoni 10.000 XNUMX apfuura, Gwara Renzou rakabonderana neboka renyeredzi rezasi rinonzi. Gaia-Enceladus, kuumbwa kwegalactic kunoitwa kunyanya nenyeredzi dzebhuruu, kusiyana nedzedu, dzine nyeredzi dzekare dzine orenji (seZuva redu).
Iyo Milky Way uye Andromeda
Iyi ngano yese yemakwara enzou ine zvayakaipira kwatiri, kana zvirinani kune zvakasara zvePasi mune ramangwana riri kure: Gara rakavakidzana redu rinotendwa ku: Andromeda, achatidya mumakore anenge mamiriyoni 4.000 XNUMX.
Nguva dzose tarisa kudivi rakajeka!
Mashoko akanaka ndeokuti kubonderana kwemapoka makuru enyeredzi maviri ekare kwaizopa vazukuru vedu chiono chatisingaenzaniswi.
Ingani nyeredzi dziri muMilky Way?
Mumwe wemibvunzo inowanzo bvunzwa nevanhu vakatenderedza galaxy yedu ndeiyi: Milky Way ine nyeredzi ngani?
Kunyangwe uyu uchiri mubvunzo wekuti maturusi edu haatibvumidze kuti tipindure chaizvo, tinoziva kuti mhinduro yacho ihombe.
Chokwadi ndechekuti kune dzimwe nyeredzi dzakawanda mugwara redu renzou kupfuura zvaunofanira kunge uchifungidzira! Zvinongokwana kuti titarise hukuru hwayo kuti ushamisike nayo.
Kuverenga nhamba yenyeredzi muMilky Way harisi basa riri nyore. Parizvino zvinofungidzirwa kuti Milky Way ine nyeredzi dziri pakati pe300.000 400.000 neXNUMX XNUMX mamiriyoni, vazhinji vavo vane gadziriro dzavo dzezuva sedzedu.
The Milky Way: Murume mukuru ane moyo wakasviba
Zvisinei nereferensi yakashata, isu tinoda chaizvo kutaura kune nucleus yakatenderedza iyo Milky Way yese inoumbwa: gomba guru dema.
Sezvinoita mamwe makwara enzou akawanda anocherechedzwa, Gwara renzou rakaita chinhanho chechinhu chakatsikirira zvekuti gomba dema rakakura kwazvo rinonzi. Sagittarius a.
Sagittarius A yakakura chaizvo maererano nekuwanda: pakati pegwara redu renzou inofungidzirwa kuve ine 4 miriyoni kuenzana nehukuru hwezuva redu munzvimbo diki ingori mamiriyoni matanhatu emakiromita.
Muunganidzwa wezvinhu uyu wakamanikidzika zvikuru unogadzira chinhu chimwe chete: nzvimbo yegiravhiti ine simba zvekuti inokwanisa kumedza chero chidimbu chechinhu, chiedza negiravhiti mukati mechikamu chemakore akawanda echiedza.
Usanyanya kuzvidya moyo pamusoro pekudyiwa Sagittarius A! Zvakacherechedzwa kubva mugore ra2017 zvakaverengera kuti nyika yedu inoshamisa 26.000 light-years kubva pakati pegwara renyeredzi redu.
Kumucheto kwegomba
Makwara enzou haangoparadzwi zvisina tsarukano pamusoro pechisiko chapose pose, kutaura zvazviri, mapoka enyeredzi anoungana munzvimbo dzatinoti mapoka enyeredzi.
Masumbu eGalactic anofamba nemuchadenga mukuwirirana nekuda kwekudyidzana kwegiravhiti kwemapoka enyeredzi akasiyana ari mukati mawo. Asi zviri pachena kuti yedu parizvino iri muhurombo.
Kutenda kune zvakaonekwa neInstitute of Astronomy yeYunivhesiti yeHawaii, umo Brent Tully anosimudza zvitsva zvakawanikwa maererano nemepu yepasi rose, anoita kunge akawana chimwe chinhu chinoshamisa zvechokwadi.
Iyo Milky Way iri pamucheto penzvimbo hombe isina nzvimbo, iyo yavakasarudza kudaidza Local Void. Chikamu chemuchadenga chisina zvachose chinhu, chiedza kana simba rinokwevera zvinhu pasi, rine chiwedzerwa chakakura zvekuti hachina kukwanisa kuverenga.
Kunyangwe kuvepo kweThe Local Void kwakakwanisa kuita chibvumirano pakati pevasayendisiti vakasiyana, hazvina kukwanisa kuburitsa rumwe ruzivo nezvayo sezvo iri kune rimwe divi regirazi redu.
Kuti azvione, materesikopu edu aizokwanisa kuona kure nechepakati peboka redu renyeredzi, pane gomba guru dema.