Izvo zvakasiyana-siyana zviripo pakati huni kudya tumbuyu Yakareba kwazvo uye yakafara. Itsikidzi dziri dzemhuri yeArthropod uye dzinotsanangurwa nechimiro chadzo seine seti nhatu dzemakumbo uye maviri seti emapapiro. Iyo yakakura zvakanyanya iine miriyoni yemhando dzakasiyana dzevatsoropodzi.
Ndezvipi zvipembenene zvinodya huni?
Iboka guru rinongofarira kudya huni, vanozivikanwa sa tsikidzi, vane ngozi zvikuru, vanokonzera kukanganisa kwakawanda kwezvinhu zvakagadzirwa nematanda, chii chinonzi xylophagy chichataurwa uye pfupiso ye zvipembenene zvinodya huni.
Chii chinonzi xylophagy?
Zvisikwa zvinozviraramisa pahuni zvinozivikanwa seXylophages, hazvisi zvisikwa zvese zvinodya huni zvinoita chete nehuni, zvinotorawo zvidimbu zvakasiyana zvemiti.
Izvo zvinoshamisa zvinosvibisa matanda zvinotsoropodza zvinofanirwa kuve neimwe mhando yemicrobiota mudumbu ravo system inovakurudzira kuti vatore cellulose, sezvinoita zvisikwa zvakashanduka-shanduka.
Sei zvipembenene izvi zvichidya huni?
Kugadziriswa kwezvinhu zvezvirimwa kwakaoma zvakanyanya, nekuti kuputsa cellulose kunoda hukama hunobatsira nematumbu emukati uye zvipenyu zvekunze.
ari huni kudya tsikidzi Ivo vane yakasarudzika microbiota, iyo ine basa rekubvisa kabhoni kubva muhuni. Kugadzirwa kwehuni kunoburitsa huwandu hweacetic acid inokuvadza zvisikwa izvi.
Maererano netsvagiridzo yakaitwa, iyi acid bypass haiwanikwe mutsvina. Pane kudaro, inoshandurwa kuita carbon dioxide uye inobudiswa muhemolymph, kuti ibudiswe nekufema.
Mazita ezvipembenene zvinodya huni
Unoda here kuziva mazita e mhuka dzinobuda muhuni uye kuti vanochidyawo here? Tevedza nzira yekuongorora nekuverenga uye kuona kuti ndivanaani vanokonzeresa kukuvadza huni:
matanda mavu
ari matanda mavu vanobva kurudzi rwemhuka yeSiricidae, iboka rakakura kwazvo, rinoumbwa nemhando inofungidzirwa inosvika zana nemakumi mashanu emhando dzemavu, zvisinei, imwe neimwe ine chiziviso chakafanana: vana vavo ndeavo vanodya huni, vanofarira chaizvo fungus mumbwa izvo zvinokuvadza uye zvakashata.
Vakadzi vekirasi iyi vanokandira mazai avo mumakoronga maduku kana kuti maburi ematanda emiti. Mazai paanochochonywa, vana vanodya huni vachigadzira nzira dzokufamba nadzo.
Kuti kufananidzwa kuitike, vanoda hudyo hwechipenyu hwavanovaka nahwo hukama hunobatsira hwesymbiotic hunovabatsira mubasa ravo.
mujuru wehuni
Termites zvipembenene zvemhuri yeBlattodea. Kunyange zvazvo chitarisiko chazvo nemararamire, mumakomo omujuru, zvichitibatsira kuyeuka majuru, zvisikwa izvi zvinozivikanwa nezvipembenene.
Panyika, kune marudzi anopfuura 3.000 akasiyana emujuru. Mujuru unoonekwa sehumbwa hunotyisa kwazvo, inyoka yechokwadi. Zvichida kwete muchiedza chehukuru hwadzo, asi nekuda kwekuparadza kwadzo uye nekuti dzakawanda.
Kune marudzi akati wandei, anosiyaniswa nemhando yehuni yavanoenda nayo: kune drywood majuru, dampwood mujuru, uye subterranean termites. Maitiro uye nzira yavanorova nayo huni zvakasiyana.
Imwe nyaya huru inounzwa netsikidzi idzi ndedzekuti dzinosiyanisa kana dzaparadza huni. Dzinopukunyuka chiedza, zvichiita kuti dzive dzakaoma kuona uye hunhu hwadzo hunoonekwa kana huni hwaparara kana kushanduka kuita guruva.
Izvi zvisikwa zvinotya zvakanyanya nevanhu, nokuti zvinotora zvivako zvemapuranga zvakavakwa nemunhu, zvichinyatsozviputira kana kuronga kuparadzwa kwezvipembenene kusina kuitwa.
Zvipembenene zvehuni kana worm
Ndiwo vana vehuni vanodya huni zhinji. Zvinotanga kubva mukati, saka zvakaoma kutaurira kuparara kwehuni iyi yakaipa kubva pakutanga.
Mukuru anopedzisa gap uye pakupedzisira anobuda. Mhando dzakawanda dzisingagumi dzehuni muSpain ndidzo Lyctids, anobids uye cerambicides. Zvikamu zvasara zvinodonha zvinonzi kera.
Kune mamwe mapoka ezvipembenene kana zvipembenene zvinogona kubatsirwa nehuni, asi inonyanya kukosha ndeyehuni, ihwo hutachiona hunobva kumhuri yeAnobiidae.
Zvinozivikanwa muchiedza kuti madiki madiki maburi anoonekwa pane fenicha, mamwe manhamba. Aya maburi anogadzirwa negonye rehuni rakura kana rabuda.
Hadzi dzinokandira mazai mugomba, iro, pakuchochonya, dzinodya chikamu chemukati chehuni, dzichipedzisa shanduko dzadzo dzakasiyana-siyana uye dzichiguma dzasimuka seimwe tsikidzi yakakura.
huni moths
Aya moths anodya huni ndiwo mashavishavi anozivikanwa ehusiku, anobva kurudzi rwemhuka yeCossidae. Vakuru havabatsiri kubva kune chero chinhu, vane atrophied tube uye chinangwa chavo ndechekuwedzera.
Vana vadzo vakakura vanodya huni dzakanyorova, dzakasakara. Vanorarama vakafukidzwa pasi pemakwati emiti munguva yakazara yehuduku, iyo inogona nguva nenguva kupfuura makore matatu.
Mienzaniso yezvipembenene zvinodya huni
Mhando dzezvisikwa zvinodya huni zvino dzave kunzwisiswa, zvisinei, unogona kunakidzwa nekuwana mamwe marudzi. Nekuda kweizvozvo, iwe unopihwa anonyanya kufarirwa ane zita rako:
- Iyo ine simba Red Drill Butterfly kana Sewn Elderberry
- Huni hombe hunoshamisa
- Inotyisa Deathwatch Beetle
- African Savannah Destroyer Termite
- Dangerous Wood Wasp
- kambasi mujuru
- mujuru wehuni wakaoma
- mujuru wemuti
- canary mujuru
canary mujuru
Nzira yekuuraya Huni Bugs
Zvakaoma here kuvabvisa, zvisinei, maererano nenzira yekubvisa matanda ehuni? Mabikirwo ari nyore kunyorera nyanzvi dzekudzivirira zvipembenene.
Pasinei nokuti dziri pamabhawa, fenicha, kana chimwe chinhu chakagadzirwa nemapuranga, dzinogona kuva dzinoyevedza kune idzi marudzi ezvipembenene zvinotyisa, zvichiita kuti zvive zvakaoma kubvisa zvipembenene kubva mumatanda.
Sezvo zvinhu zvakasarudzika senge akakosha anti-worm mafomu anodiwa kuti azvibvise. Kunewo majuru, ayo anongoita mazaruro mumatanda akaoma.
Musiyano mukuru pakati pezviviri izvi ndewekuti majuru anokwana seviolin, akafanana nebhinzi yekofi, nepo mhunga ichiita senge sawdust.
