La galaxy centaurus A imhando yegwara renzou rine chinhambwe chinosvika mamiriyoni gumi nemana echiedza chemakore munzvimbo yeCentaurus. Mupfungwa iyi, ndiyo imwe yeredhiyo galaxi padyo ne Pasi, saka musimboti wayo wekudenga wakaedzwa zvinoshamisira nenyanzvi dzekuongorora..
Zvakare, gwara renzou centaurus A ndiro rechishanu rinopenya zvakanyanya mumatenga, nokudaro richiva tarisiro yakakwana kune astrophysics amateur, kunyangwe galaxy ichingoonekwa kubva kumaodzanyemba kwehemisphere uye yakaderera yekuchamhembe amplitudes.
Pamusoro pezviri pamusoro apa, nenzvero dzeredhiyo dzakaitwa kwenhambo yamakore gumi, vazivi vemitumbi yomudenga vakaratidzira kuti rutivi rwomukati rwejeti iri runobvongodzwa inenge hafu yokumhanya kwechiedza. X-rays inokonzerwa nekusangana kure kwejeti nemagasi ari pedyo, nekudaro kuumba huruva ine simba.
Morphology yeGaraxy Centaurus A
Iyo morphology ye girazi centaurus A inogona kuverengwa nenzira ine hunhu. Zvino ini ndichakupa mamwe typologies yeiyi nyeredzi huru.
1. Kuonekwa kwegwara renzou centaurus A
Sezvinogona kusiyaniswa kubva kuPasi, centaurus A inonyatsoda kufanana nerenticular kana elliptical galaxy kirasi ine yakashandiswa guruva nzira. Nenzira iyi, mavambo egora iri akazivikanwa muna 1847 naJohn Herschel, uye nyeredzi yakapinda muAtlas of. mapoka enyeredzi peculiar (yakabudiswa muna 1966) seimwe yemhando dzakanakisa dze "yakavhiringidzwa" galaxy ine impregnation yeguruva. Bumbiro renyeredzi renyeredzi Centaurus A rinoongororwa zvizere semhedzisiro yekuparara pakati pemapoka madiki maviri enyeredzi..
Saizvozvo, iyo galaxy centaurus A inonyanya kusanganiswa nyeredzi akaenderera mberi akatsvuka. Iyo ine guruva dhisiki, zvisinei, inzvimbo yeitsva stellar kusikwa; dzinenge zana dzemaumbirwo enyeredzi dzakafananidzwa padhisiki iri.
2. Supernova muboka renyeredzi centaurus A
Una supernova yakawanikwa mugalaxy centaurus A. Iyi supernova inotaridzwa seSN 1986G, iyo yakaratidzwa mukati menzira nhema yegwara renyeredzi iri naR. Evans muna 1986. Mukurongeka kwemazano aya, chimiro ichi chakawanikwa chakazosimbiswa gare gare seType IA Supernova. .
Rudzi urwu runogadzirwa kana huremu hwechitsvuku chena huchitsiva hukuru hwainogona kuzorora zvine simba, ndizvo zvinogona kuitika kana muchena mutsvuku mubinary star ensemble akakanda. utsi kune dzimwe nyeredzi dzegadziriro imwe cheteyo. SN 1986G yakaitwa monopol kuti iratidze kuti kupararira kwe supernovae yerudzi urwu hakuna kufanana uye kuti vanogona kusiyana nenzira iyo vanogona kushandura izvo kujeka kwaizova nguva imwe neimwe.
Iyo Galaxy Centaurus A iripi?
Zvinoenderana nekuferefeta kwakaitwa neEuropean Southern Observatory, zvave zvichikwanisika kuunganidza mufananidzo wakakura kwazvo weiyo galaxy Centaurus A. Saizvozvo, muobservatory yakataurwa vakakwanisa kuona izvozvo centaurus A, inobatwawo seNGC 5128, inoratidzika chaizvo elliptical galaxy ine supermassive black gole iri papakati payo.
Mupfungwa iyi, kuti tiwane gwara renzou inonzi Centaurus A, zvakatsanangurwa kuti ingangoita mamirioni gumi nemaviri echiedza makore kubva pakureba kwenzvimbo yedu. pasi, kunyanya muboka renyeredzi rekumaodzanyemba reCentaurus (the centaur) uye zvakare ine hukasha hwekuve girazi yedenga iro rakanyanya kuonekera maererano nemasaisai eredhiyo.
Nekune rimwe divi, nyanzvi dzenyeredzi dzinotenda kuti kupenya kwepakati, kuburitswa kwemasaisai eredhiyo, uye zviitiko zvejeti zvakagadzirwa necentaurus A zvinokonzerwa nepakati dema buri rine huwandu hunosvika 100 miriyoni iyo Sol. Nyaya yenzvimbo iyi inorema yegwara renzou inoburitsa simba rakawanda sezvainoenderera mberi neizvi gomba dema
Uyewo, mukupikisana nemakwara enzou akawanda elliptical, zviratidziro zvakapfava zveCentaurus A zvinovhiringwa nebhendi rakawanda risina kujairika rezvinhu zvine mimvuri, iro, rinobva rafukidza pakati peboka renyeredzi centaurus A. Iri bhendi rakasviba rinochengeta seti yakakura yehupfu, guruva-rakaumbwa zvimedu uye nyeredzi dziri kuumba nekuchengetedza hudiki.
Iyo Centaurus A Galaxy pasi peimwe nzira yekuongorora
Iyo inoshamisa galaxy centaurus A yakadhonzwa mumufananidzo mutsva, sezvakambotaurwa neEuropean Southern Observatory. Mupfungwa iyoyo, nemuenzaniso wakazara wenguva inodarika maawa makumi mashanu, uyu zvirokwazvo ndiwo mufananidzo wakadzama wati wambotangwa weichi hunhu uye chinhu chinobhomba. Yakawanikwa neWide Field Imager (WFI) chishandiso, chakaiswa mu teresikopu yeESO, paLa Silla Observatory, muChile.
Nenzira iyi, mufananidzo uyu wakawanikwa unotibvumira kuti tifungidzire mamiriro eiri elliptical galaxy, tichiratidza chimiro chakareba chezvimedu zvekunze zvisina kusimba. Kupenya kunozadza nzvimbo zhinji yemufananidzo kunobva kumazana emabhiriyoni ekare, kunzvimbo dzinotonhorera. Kusiyana nemakwara enzou akasiyana-siyana, kurerukirwa kwegwara renzou inonzi Centaurus A kunovhiringwa netambo yakakura isina kurongeka yezvakasvibira izvo zvinozodzima chikamu chepakati chegwara renzou iri.
Iri bhendi rakasviba rinochengeta huwandu hukuru hwehupfu, huruva, uye nyeredzi. Masumbu enyeredzi anopenya anogona kufungidzirwa mubhendi, kumusoro kurudyi nezasi kuruboshwe matipi, anoburitsa kupenya kutsvuku kwemakore ane nyeredzi ehydrogen, nepo mamwe makore eguruva akarara achitarisana neshure. nyeredzi.
Aya ma typologies, pamwe chete nekutaura kwakatanhamara muredhiyo, ichokwadi chakakwana chekuti Centaurus A mhedzisiro yekusangana pakati pemapoka maviri enyeredzi. Iyo huruva bhandi inogona kuve mhedzisiro ye girazi spiral apo ichiputika nepakati negiravhiti mhedzisiro yekutakura kubva kugigantic elliptical galaxy.
Iko kuunganidzwa kutsva kwemifananidzo inomiririra yeWFI ine masampuli mahombe ane mafirita matsvuku, egirinhi nebhuruu pamwe nemamwe mafirita anokweverwa kuparadzanisa mwenje unoburitswa nehydrogen neokisijeni. Iyi posterior inotibatsira kuti tiwane zviitiko zvakagara zvichigara zvichiitwa zvezvinyorwa zvakadzidzwa mukirasi yemaziso inotenderedza galaxy Centaurus A, iyo yaisanyatso onekwa mumufananidzo wapfuura wakawanikwa ne WiFi.
Kusimukira kubva mugwara renyeredzi kuenda kumucheto wekuruboshwe wemufananidzo, mapoka maviri ezvitsvuku zvitsvuku zvinogona kuonekwa, zvakada kuumbwa nemajeti anotyisa ayo anotsikirira kuratidzwa kwemifananidzo kunowanikwa muchikamu chemasaisai eredhiyo. Kumusoro, kuruboshwe rwebhendi rezvimedu, pane twuma filaments emukati-kati, ayo anowanikwa makore angangoita 30.000 XNUMX chiedza-makore kubva paaxis yePasi. girazi.
Chekupedzisira, gwara renzou centaurus A rakadzidzwa zvakanyanya pamusoro pemafaro ezvinhambwe kubva pamasaisai eredhiyo kuenda kumaranzi egamma. Kusarudzika, kuferefeta mumasaisai eredhiyo neX-rays kwave nesarudzo mukuita kudyidzana pakati pesimba rinoburitswa nepakati supermassive black hole nenzvimbo yaro. Zvidzidzo pa girazi centaurus A ine ALMA hapana chavakaita kunze kwekuita tsvakiridzo inoshamisa uye kunetseka.