Munyika yechisikigo, mhuka yega yega kana chirimwa ndecheimwe nzvimbo yekugara uye izvi ndizvo zvinobvumira kuchengetedzwa kwemarudzi munguva uye munzvimbo. Tevere, tsvaga mhando huru dzechienzi dzinopinda muArgentina dzakachinja kuenzana kwemaruva nemhuka munyika ino nekuda kwekupindira kwevanhu.
Mhuka dzechienzi dzinoparadza zvakanyanya muArgentina
Nevavariro dzakanaka kana kuti kwete, zvinosuruvarisa kuti munhu akatora rutivi zvakananga mukuunganidza marudzi mupasi rose.
Sezvineiwo, kuuya kwezvipenyu izvi kwakakonzera kusaenzana kukuru munharaunda yezvipenyu zvekuzvarwa, kushandura ecosystem yavo kusvika pakuisa hupenyu hwavo panjodzi.
Zvinoenderana nezvinyorwa zvakaburitswa neBazi Rezvakatipoteredza uye Sustainable Development yeArgentina, kuburikidza neNational Information System pamhando iyi yezvipenyu, kune mazana manomwe anogara munyika ino. Tevere, tinodudza 700 huru dzakawanwa uye dzakapararira mundima yose yeArgentina.
European hare (lepus europaeus)
Ichibva kuEurope, rudzi urwu rwemhuka dzinoyamwisa dzelagomorph dzinoberekana nekukurumidza, dzichizvara pakati pe3 kusvika 4 pagore kusvika pavana vana, izvo zvakaita kuti ikurumidze kupararira muSouth America yose.
Kuonekwa kwemhuka idzi muArgentina kwakatanga mukutanga kwezana remakore rechiXNUMX. Kuwedzera kukuru kwechiverengero chavagari vayo, pamwe chete nechishuvo chayo chisingaperi chouswa nemimwe mirivo, kwakaguma nokukuvadzwa kwakakomba kuchikamu chokurima uye kwakaderedza nomutoo woushamwari zvokudya zvemamwe marudzi emo.
nondo dzvuku (cervus elaphus)
Mhara tsvuku ndeimwe ye mhuka dzinoparadza muArgentina yakaunzwa kubva kuEurope apo XNUMXth century yakanga ichangotanga nechinangwa chekuwedzera huwandu hwekuvhimwa kwemhuka hombe uye kusimudzira kusiyana kwezvipenyu zvemuno.
Zvisinei, vapfuri vacho vakanga vasingakwanisi kudzora kuberekana kwezvipenyu uye zvakakwanisa kuwedzera munzvimbo yose yenyika, zvichikanganisa zvikuru nzanga dzomusango. Vatsvakurudzi vanovimbisa kuti pamhuka dzinoonekwa sevapambi, mhuka dzepanyika dzinomiririra isingasviki 3% asi boka retaxonomic rine kukanganisa kukuru imhembwe tsvuku ine 29%.
Kuvapo kwavo kunotadzisa kusimukira kwemiti yakawanda, kunogonesa kupinda kwemiti yekunze uye, mupfungwa iyi, inotyisa kuzvipfuwo nemhuka dzinodya mhuka kazhinji, dzinobva kunyika dzeArgentina.
nguruve dzemusango (sus scrofa)
Semhembwe dzvuku, gore ra1905, mhuka dzinoyamwisa dzakabva kuEurasia neNorth Africa, dzakatamisirwa kuArgentina Pampas kuitira kusimudza mwero wekuvhima kwemitambo.
Nekudaro, kukura kwavo kukuru kwakavashandura kuita denda, zvichikonzera kukanganisa kwakasiyana kwakasiyana pane zvakatipoteredza. Zvakadai se: kukwikwidzana kwezvipimo nemarudzi ekuzvarwa, kuparara kwevhu uye kuparadzwa kwembeu, kukurudzira kupinda kwemiti yekunze, kuparara kweshiri dzinofamba uye matendere adzo, pamwe nemombe duku.
Of the exotic mhando kubva kuArgentina, nguruve dzemusango chikamu chemhuka dzinoparadzira utachiona nezvirwere zvinogona kukuvadza vanhu nemamwe marudzi emusikirwo.
American mink (neovison mink)
Iyo mink yeAmerica ndeyemhuri yemustelids, ine hukama kune ferrets uye weasels, mhando iyi yakaunzwa kunyika dzeArgentina kutenderera kuma30 kubva kuUnited States of America.
Pakutanga yakaunganidzwa nekuda kwezvinangwa zveindasitiri mumusika wemvere (chiito chine hutsinye chinoshandisa ganda rayo kuindasitiri yemafashoni) asi mushure mekutadza kwechirongwa ichi, mink yakasiiwa pasina chero rudzi rwekutonga, zvichibvumira kubereka kwavo kwakanyanya uye kukonzeresa. kukanganisa kunotyisa kwezvakatipoteredza.
Zvikara izvi zvave dambudziko guru pakurarama kweshiri dzemumvura muvanhu vekumaodzanyemba, kunyanya mhando yerudzi rwePatagonia inonzi "Maca tobiano", inorwisa mazai, nhiyo neshiri dzakura.
muraraungu trout ( oncorhynchus mykiss)
Nechinangwa chekusimudzira kubata hove semutambo munzizi, nyanza nemadziva, muraraungu trout yakaunzwa munyika kuma40 seimwe nzira yevashanyi uye mukana wekukura kwemari mumatunhu akasiyana eArgentina Patagonia.
Nekuda kwechirongwa ichi, Argentina inozivikanwa pasi rose nekuda kwekuita uku, zvekuti kune mapoka ezvezvisikwa ari mushishi kununura huwandu hwemhando iyi. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekuti pakutanga kubata hove kwanga kwakanyanyisa, zvichikanganisa mabhenefiti enharaunda dzakati wandei sezvo zvichimiririra chikamu chikuru chekushanya kwevashanyi vemunyika nevekunze.
Mazuva ano, kubata hove kunobvumidzwa chete nekudzoka kwemarudzi ese aripo etrout muPatagonia, uye neimwe nzira izvi zvakadzora kuwedzera kwezvienzaniso izvi zvinoramba zvichikanganisa maruva nemhuka dzemuArgentina, sezvavanokwikwidzana nokuda kwezviwanikwa nemarudzi eko, vachitowana kutsakatika kwemamwe acho, somuenzaniso: the naked mojarra.
Canadian beaver (castor canadensis)
Muma40, Argentine Antarctica yakaona kusvika kweCanada beaver. Chaizvo mudunhu reTierra del Fuego, iyi rodent inoshamisa yakaunzwa munyika netarisiro yekusimudzira kukura kwenzvimbo kuburikidza nekushandiswa kwematehwe nemvere.
Idzi mhuka dzakanaka uye dzakasiyana dzinoyamwisa zvakare amphibians uye senzira yekudzivirira nekugara dzinowanzovaka madhamu madiki munzizi, madhamu kana madhamu ane hunde dzemiti dzine kukanganisa kwakashata pakuchengetedzwa kwemasango eTierra del Fuego, pamwe nekuvhara. yekutenderera kwemvura.
Saizvozvowo, mabhiya anomirira ngozi huru kumhuka dzomumvura dzomunyika, zvichiita kuti pave nokusagadzikana kukuru munzvimbo yadzinogara.
red bellied squirrel (callosciurus erythraeus)
Kubva kuAsia, rudzi urwu rwetsindi rwakaunzwa kuBuenos Aires kuma70 nekuda kwezvikonzero zvekushongedza. Kusvika iye zvino, hazvizivikanwi kuti ndiani ane mhosva, asi vakapararira munyika yose nenzira yakanyanyisa, vachigadzirisa kune zvakasiyana-siyana zvekugara (zvose zvakasikwa uye zvakabudirira).
Kukanganisa kwezvakatipoteredza kwesquirrels izvi hakungogumiri pakurwa nemhuka dzenzvimbo yekudya nenzvimbo, asi zvakakonzera kurasikirwa kwehupfumi nekuda kwekuparara kwemiti yemichero, kukuvadzwa kwemapombi ekudiridza, kupaza kwetambo dzebasa reveruzhinji (foni, magetsi. , terevhizheni, pakati pevamwe)
common starling (sturnus vulgaris)
Pakupera kwema80, nyeredzi yakajairika yakaonekwa kekutanga muArgentina uye yakakurumidza kupararira munharaunda yenyika. Shiri iyi inobva kuAsia neEurope, asi yakagadzirisa zvakakwana kune dzakasiyana-siyana microclimates yenyika.
Kukanganisa kweiyo ecosystem yeArgentina kwakabatana nekudya kwayo, kuunza kurasikirwa kukuru muchikamu chekurima, nekuda kwekuti mutengi mukuru wembeu nemichero.
Nekuda kwemakwikwi echikafu nenzvimbo neshiri dzekuzvarwa, yakakwanisa kubvisa mhuka dzakakosha sehorneros, inova shiri yenyika yeArgentina. Izvo zvinokanganisa manzwiro ekuda nyika kwevaArgentina uye zvinoratidza kutyisidzira kukuru kwekupona kwechiratidzo chenhoroondo yenyika.
Bullfrog (lithobates catesbeinaus)
Bullfrog yakaunzwa kuArgentina mumakore ekuma80, yakaberekerwa kuNorth America uye yakatamira kuSouth America nechinangwa chekushandisa gastronomic.
Zvakadaro, nyama yavo haina kuita mari yakawanda uye bazi rezveutano harina kukurudzira kuti vadyiwe nekuti vanotakura utachiona hunoita kuti ropa riderere muura. Chikonzero nei rudzi rwakasunungurwa.
Kupararira kwavo kwakakurumidza kutenda mukukwanisa kwavo kuchinjika kwenzvimbo yekugara, iwo emhando dzinoberekana nyore uye dzine kushivirira kukuru kune tembiricha iri pasi pe zero.
Vanoumba kukanganisa kunoparadza pakusiyana-siyana kwenharaunda yeArgentina, sezvo vachidya mhuka duku, zvinokambaira, shiri, zvipembenene uye kunyange matatya uye mamwe maamphibians, pasina zvikara zvepanyama zvinogona kudzora huwandu hwavo.
Slider-Ered-Ered Slider (Trachemys scripta elegans)
Tsvuku-nzeve dzinotsvedza dzinobva kuNorth America uye ndeimwe yema exotic mhuka inonyanya kufarirwa yakawanikwa sechipfuwo muAmerican continent. Kunyange zvazvo vasina chokwadi kuti vave kwenguva yakareba sei muArgentina, kukura kwavo kwechiverengero chavagari vapasi muma80 kwakanga kuri pachena.
Kutorwa zvisina basa kwerudzi urwu kwakonzera kuti irambwe munzvimbo dzakabvumira kuberekana kwakanyanya, zvichikanganisa kusiyana-siyana kwezvipenyu, sezvo vari mhuka dzinodya maruva nemhuka dzemumvura.
Giant African Snail (Achatina fulica)
Hazvizivikanwi kuti mhuka idzi dzakasvika sei uye rini chaizvoizvo paivhu reArgentina, zvisinei, dzinozivikanwa nemhaka yokuti dzakakonzera tapuro huru pakurima, dzichitapura varimi vaduku vanotsamira pazviri kuti vararame.
Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti muna 2016, idzi cetaceans dzakapinda munzvimbo dzeCorrientes neMisiones, dzichigadzira chenjedzo yehutano hweveruzhinji muArgentina, nekuti mazhinji acho anoparadzira parasite inonzi Strongyloides stercoralis, iyo yakabatana nekushanduka kwema pathologies akadai akadaro. se strongyloidiasis uye meningitis.
Ichowo chikamu chezvinyorwa zve mhuka dzinoparadza muMexico, ichirangarirwa sedenda rinosiririsa munharaunda yeCaribbean kuSouth America. Mhedzisiro inogadzirwa nemhando idzi kune ecosystem, pekugara uye kunyanya kune zvipenyu zvemuno yakakura.
Tamarisk (tamarix)
Kunyangwe chiri chirimwa, chimwe chemhando dzekunze muArgentina kubva kuGungwa reMedithera, chakonzera kukanganisa kwakawanda munzvimbo yeMendoza sezvo iri padyo nenzizi dzinotora mvura yakawanda kuti igadzirike, izvo zvinokonzera salinization. yevhu uye kutsausa kudiridza kubva muminda.
