Mushure meHondo Yenyika II, kufambira mberi kwesainzi uye tekinoroji kwakawedzera zvakanyanya, kuchinja nyika uye nzira yayo yekudyidzana nekusingaperi. izvi ndizvo zvakanakisisa EMIENZO YETEKNOLOGY muhupenyu hwemazuva ese izvo zvakashandura nyika, zvichiita kuti zvinhu zvive nyore uye nekukurumidza.
Chii chinonzi tekinoroji?
Tekinoroji chidzidzo chehunyanzvi, kuvandudzwa kwechimwe chidzidzo iko kusanganiswa kweruzivo rwakajairwa, zvishandiso zvinobvumira kuvandudzwa kana kuvandudzwa kwechimwe chigadzirwa kana sevhisi.
Kune dzakasiyana mhando dzetekinoroji kana mienzaniso yetekinoroji, uye kupatsanurwa kwavo kunosiyana zvichienderana nekushandiswa kwavo, maitiro avo, zvinoenderana nemazuva ano, pakati pevamwe.
Pashure peHondo Yenyika II kufambira mberi kwakawanda muruzivo rwokugadzira zvinhu kwakauya. Zvose izvi zvinonzi technologies itsva, apo hukuru hutsva, kugadzirwa kwechigadzirwa uye kufambira mberi kwesayenzi kwakabvumira mararamiro atinoziva nhasi akafukidzwa, uye kuti zvatove zvisingafungidziriki kurarama pasina ivo.
Pasinei nokuti uripi munyika, teknolojia ichagara iripo, kunyange iwe unogona kuona kuti mamwe emienzaniso yetekinoroji mune dzimwe nyika yakapfuura kupfuura mune dzimwe.
Tevere, tinokupa iwe wepamusoro makumi maviri neshanu ezvakanakisa mienzaniso ye tekinoroji muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva izvo zvachinja mararamiro evanhu zvachose.
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Simba rakachena
Kubva pamaserura, internet kusvika kune firiji yezvinhu zvinoparara, iyi ingori mimwe mienzaniso yetekinoroji inoshanda nemagetsi. Saka chizvarwa chayo chave chiri chikamu chakakura chose chekudzidza.
Kazhinji, kugadzirwa kwemagetsi kunogona kukuvadza zvakatipoteredza, saka matekinoroji akasiyana-siyana akaongororwa anobvumira kugadzirwa kwemagetsi pasina kukonzeresa zvakanyanya kune zvakatipoteredza. Pakati pehumwe tekinoroji iyi tinogona kutaura nezve solar panel, nuclear fission energy, uye simba remhepo.
Ese matekinoroji anoshandisa zviwanikwa zvechisikigo uye, kunyangwe achigona kuburitsa kumwe kusvibiswa kwezvakatipoteredza, hazvienzaniswi nekugadzirwa kwesimba nemahydrocarbon. Simba rose rinobva mumichina inochengetedza zvakatipoteredza inonzi yakachena simba.
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Nanotechnology
Tinogona kutaura kune ane mukurumbira wekunyepedzera Marvel hunhu se "Ironman". Iyo yazvino yekuvandudza sutu yake yaive nenanotechnology, iyo yaibvumira sutu yake kuti ivake zvakamukomberedza, sekunge mvura yaiiputira, uye yaive nehumwe hunhu.
Muhupenyu chaihwo, machira anokwanisa kuzvichenesa, kutonga tembiricha, uye shanduko yemavara ari kugadzirwa. Izvi zvinogoneka nekuda kwekushandisa nanochips, kureva, nanotechnology. Ndiwo mumwe muenzaniso wehunyanzvi.
Iyi tekinoroji inotsvaga kugadzira zvishandiso kana zvigadzirwa pamicroscale, pazvinogoneka kushandura zvinhu padanho reatomu.
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dzidzo yepa internet
Makore mashoma apfuura, dzidzo yaingove yakatarisana. Zvakadaro, nekuda kwekuuya kweinternet, dzidzo yakakwanisa kusvika kunzvimbo dzakanyanya kusagarika paPasi. Kune makambani akasiyana siyana uye masangano asingabatsiri anosimudzira dzidzo yemahara kubva paInternet.
Dzidzo yepaindaneti muenzaniso wemichina yakabvumira vanhu vanobva kune dzimwe nyika kuti vadzidziswe nemayunivhesiti ane mukurumbira akaita se "Harvard" pamusoro pemafaro marefu, zvichiita kuti dzidzo yepaindaneti ive imwe yemienzaniso inoshamisa yeruzivo rwemichina.
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mvura desalination
Kune nyika uko mvura yekunwa ishoma kana kuti isingashandi. Hazvina kunaka kuti zvinomera zvinokwanisa kutora munyu kubva mumvura yegungwa zvakashandiswa, kuitira kuti zvinwe kuvanhu.
Ichi chinodiwa chakamukawo nekuda kwekuwedzera kwehuwandu hwevanhu pasi rose, sezvo nhamba yevagari vepasi paNyika inowedzera, kune kudiwa kukuru kwemvura yekunwa. Nokudaro, kubviswa kwemunyu mumvura yegungwa kunodiwa, kuitira kuti tipe iyi mvura inokosha.
Nhasi kune zvirimwa zvekubvisa munyu, zvisinei izvi zvinoburitsa tsvina inosvibisa yemaruva nemhuka. Nekukurudzirwa neizvi, nhasi tsvakiridzo iri kuitwa nechinangwa chekugadzira tekinoroji inobvisa mvura mumunyu pasina kuwedzera kukanganisa kwezvakatipoteredza.
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Kusanganiswa kwemafoni nemakombiyuta
Kuwedzera smartphone yedu inova yakaoma uye yave chishandiso chinodiwa mubasa redu. Saka inyaya yenguva shoma kuti nharembozha yedu itsive makomputa edu.
Ehe, kuita izvi, ane simba microprocessors, yakakura ROM uye RAM ndangariro dzichadikanwa, asi sezvatakakwanisa kuona gore rapfuura, makambani akaita se iPhone, Samsung, Xiaomi nevamwe vari kunanga iyi super serura.
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quantum computing
Muchinyakare komputa, mabits ane chete uye zero anoshandiswa kutsanangura nyika. Panyaya ye quantum computing, iyo qubit inoshandiswa, kana inonziwo quantum bit. Iyo qubit inobvumira kuvepo kwematunhu ese ari maviri, ndiko kuti, inogona kuve imwe kana zero, kana zvakare imwe uye zero panguva imwe chete.
Uyu muenzaniso wehunyanzvi unomuka nekuda kwekuderedzwa kwehukuru hwemuviri wezvikamu zvemagetsi zvinowanikwa mumakomputa akajairwa.
Kunyange kana zvikero zvemakumi mashoma emananomita zvakasvikwa, panosvika nguva yekuti zvikamu izvi zvinomira kushanda zvakanaka kana zvikazoderedzwazve muhukuru. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti maerekitironi anokwanisa kupfuura nemuzvinhu zvakatetepa zvakanyanya, uye nekudaro haagone kuve mukati menzira dzaanofanirwa kutenderera.
Ndicho chikonzero quantum computing inokurudzirwa, iyo inobvumira kuongororwa kwezvikamu zviviri panguva imwe chete inonzwisisika, uye naizvozvo zvinokwanisika kuwana kukurumidza kukurumidza uye migumisiro. Semuyenzaniso, kana paine mabhiti matatu chete aripo, panogona kunge paine nyika sere, asi rejista inogona kungofunga imwe yematunhu masere aya, ayo angave:
0 0 0, 0 0 1, 0 1 0, 0 1 1, 1 0 0, 1 0 1, 1 1 0, 1 1 1.
Paunenge uchibata neyakajairwa komputa, rekodhi inogona kungofunga imwe yeaya masere ane musoro nyika, asi muhuwandu komputa idzi sere nyika dzinogona kukwidziridzwa kuti dziongororwe panguva imwe chete.
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The Cloud
Mazuva ano, ese maturusi akangwara akabatana neinternet. Uye ndezvekutenda nekusikwa kwe "The Cloud" kwavanogona kubatanidzwa kune mumwe nemumwe. Zvitsva zvitsva zvirikuitika senge smart TV, mafiriji akangwara, michina yekuwachisa yakangwara uye zvimwe zvakawanda zvishandiso zvinogona kubatana, asi pamusoro pezvose zvidzorerwe kubva kuGore.
Mukuwedzera, iyo Cloud inobvumira kuchengetedza uye kugadzirisa munguva chaiyo yeruzivo rwakakosha kumushandisi.
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Bata Lens Smartphones
Iwo magirazi akangwara anokwanisa kubatanidza uye kuratidza internet kubhurawuza pamalenzi avo, uye tekinoroji iyi yatowanikwa kuNorth America neEurope.
Imwe yemakambani makuru ari kuvandudza tekinoroji iyi iGoogle mupurojekiti yayo inonzi «Glass», yakamboita kumbomira zvishoma muna 2015, asi yakadzoserwa muna 2017.
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Dhata yekuchengetedza
Sezvo ruzivo uye ruzivo rwakaunganidzwa nemaindasitiri, mayunivhesiti nedzimwe nzvimbo dzinowedzera, zvinodikanwa kuve nenzvimbo yakakura uye yakakura yekuchengetera. Nekudaro, huwandu hwekuyeuka hwemakomputa aripo hushoma uye izvi zvakonzera kutsvaga kutsvaga nzvimbo dzekuchengetera data.
Semuenzaniso, chirongwa chakatangwa paHarvard University chekuchengetedza data muDNA, chirongwa ichi chakabudirira, kukwanisa kuchengetedza kusvika ku700 TB mugiramu rimwe reDNA. Imwe purojekiti yakafanana yakaitwa neIBM iyo yakakwanisa kuchengeta chikamu chimwe cheruzivo mumaatomu gumi nemaviri chete.
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Zvishandiso uye zvinhu mukati memunhu.
Kubva pakudhindwa kwenhengo dzekugadzira kusvika kumachipisi akaiswa mumuviri kubhadhara kutenga, aya ndiwo mamwe emapurojekiti ari kurongwa nekuvandudzwa nguva pfupi yadarika.
Aya marudzi ezvishandiso uye zvinhu zvinonyanya kutariswa panharaunda yehutano, senge matehwe ekugadzira anobatsira vanhu vakatambura nekupiswa, kana kunyange maprostheses ane. robotic tekinoroji iyo inotevedzera kushanda kwenhengo dzinogona kushanda sekudyara.
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artificial intelligent
Iyi mienzaniso yetekinoroji inoreva hungwaru hunoshandiswa nerobhoti tekinoroji kana nemidziyo yekugadzira yakaita seDeep Blue supercomputer kana IBM Watson. Artificial intelligence inoonekwa seimwe inokwanisa kunzwisisa nharaunda yayo, kudzidza nekuita maitiro akaomarara ekugadzirisa matambudziko kuzadzisa chinangwa chakatemwa. Hongu, sezvakangoita muzvisikwa, kune mazinga akasiyana ehungwaru hwekugadzira.
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synthetic biological
Kubva pakusimuka kwechidzidzo chemajini, kuwanikwa kwakaitwa uye zvigadzirwa zvakaita sechikafu chekugadzira uye nhengo dzekugadzira dzakagadzirwa kubva kumaseru.
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engineering yemamiriro ekunze
Nekuda kwekubuda kwakanyanya kwecarbon dioxide mumhepo, mapurojekiti akati wandei akanzi atore gasi iri. Sezvinozivikanwa, yakawandisa CO2 mumhepo yedu iri kukuvadza nharaunda. Naizvozvo, mainjiniya mazhinji kutenderera pasirese akagadzira michina inokwanisa kutora kabhoni dhaokisaidi mumhepo kuti icheneswe uye ishandiswe kune zvekutengesa, semuenzaniso wekugadzira mafuta.
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Brain Connectome
Yakaturikirwa muchiSpanish se connectome yeuropi. Genetic engineering mumakore achangopfuura yakatarisa zvidzidzo zvayo pakugadzira mepu yemuviri wemunhu. Tsvagiridzo idzi dzakatsvaga kuburitsa hukama pakati pemakemikari nemabatiro emagetsi eeuroni dzedu patinodzidza nekuziva nemusoro.
Ichi chirongwa chinotsvaga kugadzira tekinoroji yekugadzira inokwanisa kutevedzera maitiro ehuropi hwemunhu.
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chitubu chouduku
Pane chidzidzo chemichina inononotsa kuchembera kwetsinga dzeuropi, dzakadai sekushandiswa kwesimba remagetsi muuropi, nechinangwa chekutiita kuti tidzidze uye tiyeuke tisingakanganisike nekuchembera.
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Motokari dzemagetsi
Mumwe wemapiyona mukugadzirwa kwemotokari dzemagetsi ave ari kambani yaElon Musk Tesla Motors. Iine maitiro akafanana nemotokari yakajairika, kunze kwekuti iyo propulsion system inobva pamagetsi emagetsi.Sei mafuta ehydrocarbon achitsiviwa nemagetsi emagetsi. Kubatsira kwezvingoro izvi ndezvekuti ivo vane hushamwari hwezvakatipoteredza zvichienzaniswa nengoro dzakajairwa.
Saizvozvo, kambani iyi iri kudzidza nezve mukana wekugadzira imwe nzira yekufambisa inoshandisa magineti levitation senzira yekuunganidza.
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Genome yevanhu
Nhasi zvinogoneka kunyatsoona madzitateguru edu uye njodzi yechirwere kuburikidza neavhareji kutevedzana kweDNA yedu. Nekuda kwemhedzisiro yekudzidza kweHuman Genome Project zvinokwanisika kuve neruzivo urwu, sezvo vakakwanisa kubudirira kupedzisa kutevedzana kwakazara kweDNA yemunhu.
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Robotics
La robotic tekinoroji Inobva mukubatanidzwa kwesainzi dzakasiyana semakanika, zvemagetsi, computational kana masisitimu. Iyi tekinoroji inobatsira kupa mabasa akaomarara asingagone kuitwa nemurume mumwechete, ayo anofanirawo kupedzwa nekukurumidza uye nekukanganisa kushoma. Iye zvino mabasa aimboitwa nevarume zana uye akatora maawa kana mazuva kuti apedze anogona kupedzwa nerobhoti rimwe chete, achipedza mumaminitsi mashoma nekukanganisa kushoma.
Mukuwedzera, teknolojia yerobhoti yakaderedza kusagadzikana mumaindasitiri, sezvo vari "mushandi" asingagamuchiri muhoro, anoshanda nguva yakawandisa pasina kuneta kana kuzorora kana zororo, anotora makore mukambani pasina kusiya basa, anongotevera mirairo.
Chero ani zvake anogona kufunga kuti ingori nyaya yenguva kuti marobhoti atore zvachose vanhu, uye kunyange kutipfuura nekuzviisa pasi pedu uye kuva vashandi vavo. Zvisinei, izvi zviri kure nechokwadi, sezvo izvi zvichange zvichibvira chete kana robhoti inokwanisa kugadzira rimwe robhoti rakangwara, nezvimwe zvakadaro ad infinitum. Kubva panguva iyoyo munhu aibva atadza kuzvibata.
Robhoti tekinoroji yave nemupiro mukuru munzvimbo dzekuvaka zvipatara, zvikoro, mota. Zvichida, tekinoroji tekinoroji inobvumira mune ramangwana risiri kure zvakanyanya kuvepo kubva kumba kuenda kumaguta akangwara.
Muzhinji, tekinoroji yerobhoti inokwanisa kunzwisisa nharaunda yayo uye kuita zviito zvinoibvumira kuzadzisa chinangwa chayakagadzirirwa. Iko kufambira mberi kwekutanga mune tekinoroji tekinoroji yakashanda kuita otomatiki maindasitiri. Zvishandiso zvemarobhoti tekinoroji nhasi zvinotangira pakurima kusvika pakufamba muchadenga.
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mota dzisina munhu
Mutsara wekuti "autopilot" hauna kumbobvira wakwana zvirinani kune mota dziri kugadzirwa neTesla mota yakabatana neGoogle, imotokari yemagetsi isingade kuti mutyairi atyaire. Izvi hazvingosanganisire mota dzemunhu chete asiwo zvekutakura vanhu vakawanda senge subway kana metro.
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3D kudhinda
Iyi tekinoroji inobvumira matatu-dimensional dhizaini, yakadhindwa pazvinhu zvakasiyana, kubva kupurasitiki yakadzokororwa kusvika kuchokoreti.
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nzendo dzepachivande kunzvimbo
Kune makambani akaita seSpaceX uye Mhandara Galactic anofarira zvekutengesa nzendo kunzvimbo uko chero munhu anokwanisa rwendo urwu anogara ruzivo rwemuchadenga.
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Natural mushandisi interface
Iyi mienzaniso yetekinoroji inoda kushandisa masikirwo echisikigo emunhu semirairo mumidziyo yemagetsi yakaita semafoni emafoni kana mitambo yemavhidhiyo. Iyo Wii console ndiyo muenzaniso wakakwana unoshandisa maitiro emushandisi kupindirana mumutambo wevhidhiyo.
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Anopfeka Makomputa & HUD
Iyo inoreva kune ese anotakurika uye akangwara madivayiri, yakadai ndiyo nyaya yeimwe yakambotaurwa mienzaniso yetekinoroji seGoogle Girazi.
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Mienzaniso yeTekinoroji: Cybersecurity
Tichikurudzirwa nenyaya yekuti dzinenge ruzivo rwese parizvino rwakachengetwa uye kudzorwa nedhijitari, zvave zvakakosha kuti uwane nzira dzekuchengetedza dzinochengetedza nekuchengetedza kuvanzika kwayo.
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Hurumende 2.0
Mumwe wemienzaniso inopokana yetekinoroji muhupenyu hwemazuva ese ndeyekuitwa kweHurumende 2.9. Chinangwa chechirongwa ichi ndechekubatanidza zvematongerwo enyika nehurumende zvakanangana nevagari.
Kazhinji, kutaurirana kunoda kuitwa nehurumende kunoitwa kuburikidza nenhepfenyuro, uye dzimwe nguva nzvimbo dzenhau idzi dziripo, uye chinangwa chenhau chinogona kukanganiswa.
Iyi purojekiti inokurudzira kushandisa Indaneti senzira yekutaurirana pakati pevezvematongerwo enyika nevagari pamwe chete nemigumisiro yehutungamiri hwavo. Dambudziko reiyi nzira yekutaurirana nderekuti vagari ndivo vanosarudza ruzivo rwekuteerera kana kuverenga uye kwete.
Saizvozvo, sezvo internet iri yakavhurika uye yemahara svikiro, inobvumira mupi kuti aenzanise ruzivo rwakapihwa nehurumende nemamwe masosi. Naizvozvo, kutaura kwekutonga meseji kana ruzivo nevezvematongerwo enyika kwaisazogoneka kana nzira iyi ikashandiswa.
Humwe hunhu hwehurumende iyi 2.0 ndehwekuti sezvo paine nhepfenyuro dzakawanda dzenhau, danidziro dzezvematongerwo enyika dzinenge dziri dzegutsaruzhinji. Vagari vangave vane mutsa zvakakwana kuti vataure zvakananga nevezvematongerwo enyika avo uye zvakasiyana. pasina kushandisa chero murevereri semumiriri wehukama anogona kuvanza zviri nyore ruzivo rwaunoda kufambisa.
Zvakare, zvinorasa zvazvinoreva mumakwikwi esarudzo sezvo vagari vachigona kutumira pfungwa dzavo munguva chaiyo kuhurumende dzavo.
Masocial network ndiwo aizova chinhu chakasimba pakukunda kana kusakunda musarudzo. Wezvematongerwo enyika aizofanira kugadzira hukama hwechokwadi nehuwandu hwevanhu, sezvo aisazokwanisa kushandura kuburikidza nehunyanzvi nzira dzezvematongerwo enyika.
Saka Hurumende 2.0 ndeimwe yemienzaniso inopokana yetekinoroji yakatsanangurwa.