ari zvombo zvenyukireya muArgentina vari kutungamira kupa nyika iyoyo simba remagetsi rinodiwa kuti ive nemagetsi mudzimba nemaindasitiri ega ega emunyika, tibatane nesu kuti tidzidze. mangani emagetsi emagetsi aripo muArgentina.
Nuclear Power Plants muArgentina
Nhasi kune zvingangoita 3 zvidyarwa zvemagetsi enyukireya esimba guru riri munharaunda yeArgentina, aya ndiwo mafemu enyukireya anozivikanwa seAtucha I uye II uye Embalse chirimwa. Anenge makore 66 apfuura, indasitiri yenyukireya muArgentina yakasimbiswa nokudzikwa kweChirevo Nhamba 10.936 31, chakaitwa pana May 1950, XNUMX.
NezveAtucha I Nuclear Power Plant, inofanira kunge yakanyatsobatanidzwa kune chitubu chemagetsi chinopa simba rakakwana rekushanda, rakagadzirwa kubva 1974. Parizvino, ichi chigadzirwa chenyukireya chinokwanisa kugadzira kusvika ku362 MW. Inowanikwa mudunhu reArgentina rinozivikanwa seLima, ichi chiri chekutanga gwenya renyukireya rakavakwa muLatin America.
Kuti chigadzirwa chemagetsi enyukireya ichi chishande nemazvo, chinoda huni ine musanganiswa weuranium yakasikwa uye uranium yakakwenenzverwa. Iyo reactor inoshandiswa neAtucha I nuclear power plant inomanikidzwa nemvura inorema inozivikanwa se PHWR.
Kune rimwe divi, zvinozivikanwa kuti Atucha II Nuclear Power Plant, ine simba rekupa 745 MW yesimba kuArgentina, ndeyekuwedzera kweAtucha I Nuclear Power Plant, saka iri munzvimbo imwechete ne chekutanga. Kuvakwa kwechirimwa chechipiri chemagetsi enyukireya kwakatanga muna 1982, zvisinei basa rakamiswa kubva muna 1994 kusvika 2006, mushure mezvo kuvaka kwakazotangazve sechikamu cheArgentine Nuclear Plan.
Pasi peiyi kurongeka kwemazano, yechitatu uye yekupedzisira ndiyo Embalse Nuclear Power Plant, iri pamhenderekedzo yekumaodzanyemba kweRío Tercero Reservoir, yekuwedzera kwedunhu reCórdoba. Ichi chirimwa chinowanikwa makiromita zana negumi kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumadokero kweGuta reCórdoba. Iyo nuclear reactor iyo chirimwa ichi chinoshandisa kugadzira simba inozivikanwa seCANDU (Canadian Uranium Deuterium); ireactor inoshanda neuranium chaiyo uye inoshandisa mvura inorema kudzikamisa tembiricha.
Vangani variko muArgentina?
Vanenge vatatu vanozivikanwa nhasi. Nuclear Power Plants muArgentinaSaizvozvowo, kune 5 nzvimbo dzeatomu, idzo dzisiri kutungamira kugadzira simba asi ingave yakatsaurirwa kuita zvidzidzo uye tsvakiridzo yesainzi.
Iwo maviri makuru emagetsi emagetsi enyukireya muArgentina ndeayo Atucha Nuclear Complex, iyo inoganhurana neParaná de las Palmas River, iri makiromita angangoita zana kubva kuguta reBuenos Aires uye mudunhu reLima. Aya ndiwo maAtucha I uye II zvidyarwa zvemagetsi enyukireya.
Nezve Atucha I Nuclear Power Plant, pane ruzivo rwekuti yakatanga kushanda kwayo muNational Electric System kubva munaKurume 19, 1974 uye yekutengeserana yakatanga kuburitsa simba munaJune 24, 1974. muLatin America.
Igwenya remagetsi enyukireya iro parizvino riri kukwanisa kugadzira 362 megawatts emagetsi uye mafuta ayo makuru ari 0,85% yakakwenenzverwa uranium. Kushanda kwechirimwa ichi chine masisitimu edziviriro epamusoro uye akachengeteka maererano nezvinodiwa zvinounzwa nemasangano emuno neepasirese, zvichiita kuti ive imwe yemagetsi akavimbika uye anoshanda nesimba renyukireya.
Kana tichitaura nezveAtucha II Nuclear Power Plant, zvinofanirwa kuzivikanwa kuti yaive nekutanga kutsoropodza muna Chikumi 3, 2014 uye kubva munaChikumi 27, yakatanga kuwiriraniswa pamwe chete nejenareta renyika yemagetsi system.
Iyo Atucha II nuclear power plant yakaedzwa pasi pemhando yepamusoro-soro, kuti iite chikamu chekuwedzera kukuru kweAtucha I chirimwa. kupatsanurwa kune yega yega sisitimu yekuchengetedza uye yepamberi yekutarisa sevhisi.
Kugadziridzwa zviri pamutemo kune zvinodiwa munharaunda nekunze, iyo Atucha nuclear complex ine Operating License yakapihwa neNuclear Regulatory Authority. Tataura zvese izvi, zvakafanira kuziva izvozvo Nucleoelectrica Argentina S.A. ndiro zita rekambani inoshanda pazvidyarwa izvi uye Central Nuclear Embalse, chirimwa chiri kumahombekombe ekumaodzanyemba kweRío Tercero reservoir, kunyanya mudunhu reCórdoba.
Atucha II Nuclear Power Plant
Nhoroondo yechigadzirwa chemagetsi enyukireya chechipiri chinotanga muna 1973 apo hurumende yenyika yeArgentina yakapa kondirakiti kumubatanidzwa weItaly neCanada kuti utore basa rekuvaka chaizove chechipiri gwenya remagetsi enyukireya. Basa rekuvaka raizotanga muna 1974, asi zvakatora makore gumi kuti kutengeserana kwegetsi kugetsi yenyika kuitwe.
Pamusoro peizvi, iyo National Atomic Energy Commission neacronym yayo cnea aida kutora kutonga kwakazara kwekugadzirwa kwemagetsi uye kuzvimiririra mubasa rake, saka vakatanga kushanda pakugadzira, kuvaka, chimiro uye kunyange mafuta emagetsi eatomu aizoumba chikamu chenyika yeArgentina.
Mugore ra1977, CNEA yakakwanisa kuona kuti panosvika zana remakore rechiXNUMX zvirimwa zvemagetsi zvemvura zvemunyika zvinenge zvave kushanda zvizere mukugadzirwa kwesimba, asi chimwe chinhu chavanopesana nacho ndechokuti mafuta efossil akanga achipera uye kushandiswa kwaizowedzera kuoma. iyo, chimwe chinhu chakaita kuti vatongi vagadzire network yekugadzira magetsi inogona kugadzirisa dambudziko iri nekukurumidza sezvinobvira.
Nechikonzero ichi, Mutungamiri Jorge Rafael Videla vaizobvumidza iyo Argentine Nuclear Plan muna 1979, iyo inoshandura mukuvakwa kwezvivakwa zvina zvitsva zvemagetsi enyukireya, izvo zvaida kushanda kubva 1987, 1991, 1994 uye 1997 zvakateerana. Saizvozvo, chirongwa ichi chaifanira kubatanidza chirimwa cheindasitiri chinokwanisa kugadzira mvura inorema, pamwe chete nezvimwe zvimiro zvinogona kutungamira kutenderera kwemafuta enyukireya.
Iyi purojekiti yakava imwe yezvinoshamisira muLatin America uye kunyangwe pasirese, sezvo gwenya renyukireya raive nemudziyo mukuru wekumanikidza ungave nechero chombo chenyukireya pasi rose. Chirongwa ichi chakatanga kutenderwa mari yakatarwa pamadhora bhiriyoni imwe nemazana matanhatu. Nekuzvimiririra kwayo mukugadzirwa kweakakosha makomisheni ekugadzira simba senge inorema mvura uye mamwe mafuta emafuta, anogadzirwa muArgentina.
Muna 1998, kuiswa kweicho chingave chikepe chekumanikidza kwakapedzwa, ingave mudziyo wesimbi umo mafission euranium mumafuta anosimudza tembiricha yemvura inorema kuitira kuti chiutsi chinodiwa kune turbine chibudiswe. .
Reservoir Nuclear Power Plant
Iyi ndiyo yechipiri nyukireya chirimwa chakavakwa muArgentina, kunyangwe ichikwanisa kugadzira 683 MW, yakawanda kupfuura izvo Atucha I uye II zvinogona kugadzira. Iri pamhenderekedzo yekumaodzanyemba kweRío Tercero reservoir, rwizi rwuri mudunhu reCórdoba. Chimiro chinotanga kuvakwa muna Chivabvu 7, 1974; asi yakanga isati yasvika muna Ndira 20, 1984 payakatanga kushanda mune zvekutengesa, ichipedzisa kutenderera kwekutanga kwekushanda muna Zvita 31, 2015.
Kana chikamu chekutanga chepurojekiti chapera Hupenyu Kuwedzerwa, inotanga chikamu chinotevera chakavakirwa pakutangwa kwechikamu chechipiri chekushanda chaizogara makore makumi matatu. Iyo reactor inoshandiswa neiyo nuclear power plant ndeyemhando yeCANDU (Canadian Deuterium Uranium) uye chimwe chikamu cheinjiniya yakavakirwa pamachubhu anomanikidza anoshandisa uranium chaiyo sehuni inoyerwa nemvura inorema uye inotonhodzwa nemvura yakasikwa. .
Iyo Embalse Nuclear Power Plant uye nharaunda
Ichi hydroelectric chirimwa chinozivikanwa nekugadzira mutemo wezvemamiriro ekunze wekugadzira manejimendi Kuziva kwezvakatipoteredza, iyo inovhara nhevedzano yemirau nemasangano ane hunyanzvi, kuitira kuti vashandi vekambani vashande pasi peiyo logistics framework inobvumira kuchengetedza ecological kwenzvimbo.
Pakati pezvirongwa zvekuchengetedza zvakafukidzwa negwenya remagetsi enyukireya, hurongwa hwekutaurirana hunotangwa maererano nemitemo yezvakatipoteredza, kuongorora njodzi yezvakatipoteredza uye kushanda kuderedza kukanganisa kwezvakatipoteredza mukuita kwemabasa emagetsi emvura. Matanho ekambani ekugadzira simba renyukireya anotevedzera kutevedzera Kyoto Protocol, sezvo vachiva nechokwadi chekugadzira CO2 shoma sezvinobvira.
Izvo zvinodikanwa kutaura kuti nzira iyi yekugadzira simba haiburitse magasi kana zvidimbu zvinoburitsa greenhouse effect, chikonzero chikuru nei kudziya kwepasi kuripo nhasi. Munzvimbo dziri pedyo ne Reservoir Nuclear Power Plant, kune chikamu chenyika chinosvika mahekita matanhatu, chinosanganisira kakova kanoyerera mudhamu diki, munzvimbo iyi Nuclear Power Plant, yakapihwa basa rekuchengetedza. Mhuka dzemusango uye kuvapa dziviriro inodiwa.