Rafael Chirbes aive akawanda kupfuura munyori weanopemberera Pamahombekombe. Makore mashoma asati atanga dambudziko rake repamusoro, muValencian aiziva kufanoona dambudziko rehupfumi rainge ratotinyangira pasina mumwe munhu. Kupisa zvitunha mufananidzo wakapinza uye unotyisa wechokwadi chenyika. Uye nevagari vayo.
Ongororo yeCrematorio, yezvemweya sequel kune PaShore
Manovhero evaraidzo nemanovhero ekuzivikanwa
Muchinyorwa mukupindura kukakavara mashoko na Eduardo Mendoza muchengeti wemufananidzo yakaitwa muna 1998 umo akapokana kuti rudzi rwenovhero rwakafa, Javier Marias akaona zvakakodzera kuti asiyanise hunyanzvi hwakadaro muzvikamu zviviri: novel ya evaraidzo uye izvo zve kuonekwa. Ino haisi nguva uye nzvimbo yekupinda kuti uone kuti basa rekutanga ringave riini, sezvo iyo label pachayo yatopa ruzivo rwakakwana nezvehunhu hwayo, uye haisi chirongwa chekuisa magirovhosi uye, senge sevha yehuku. tanga kuparadzanisa kune Shakespeares uye Dostoevskys yeZafones neFalcones, neruremekedzo rwose rwunofanirwa nerwokupedzisira (zvakanyanya).
Ehe, isu tinoda kugara pane tsananguro iyo Marías inopa yechikamu chechipiri. Nezve "kugona kwake kumiririra", Marías anoti zvinotevera:
"Kuburikidza nebhuku iri tinoziva kuti taiziva zvataisaziva isu takaziva kusvika tazviverenga zvakarongwa, zvinomiririrwa kana kuudzwa."
Kana sezvaakataura gore rakapfuura mune imwe chinyorwa mune zvishoma marianesque:
"Rinovhero haritauri izvo zvinozivikanwa, asi izvo zvinongozivikanwa uye panguva imwe chete zvisingatauriki".
Con Kupisa zvitunha (Anagram), Rafael Chirbes yakaburitswa muna 2007 bhuku rinoratidza nguva uye hukuru hwaro huri mukukwanisa uku kuziva, kubvuma kaviri kana tichigona. Kupfuuridza nguva, Kupisa zvitunha Yakawana nzvimbo munhoroondo yerondedzero yeSpanish yekuziva matorerwo akanyatsoita zvinhu zviviri izvo zvinopfuura kunzwika nezvazvo: kusangana, chidhinha chakadhakwa chakapinza Spain munhamo kubva izvo nhasi anodada kuti akabuda (uye umo isu tichakurumidza kuzviwana isu tabatwa zvakare), uye imwe nguva dzose: kuoma kwehunhu hwevanhu.
Kupisa zvitunha yave ichizivikanwa nemoyo wese (Vatsoropodzi Mubairo) nekuda kwemhando yekunyora uye ye rucidity iyo yaakafanoona nayo mupata uko hupfumi hweSpain hwaienda ("Isu tinofanana, pamusoro pezvose, avo veViennese pakuti isu tiri pamucheto wegomba rakadzika-dzika," inoverenga nguva pfupi mushure mekutanga).
Crematorium: mukutsvaga mufaro uine real estate backdrop
Kunyange zvazvo mamiriro ekunze akatenderedza sango rekongiri rinoputika rakapinda mumaguta edu ari pamhenderekedzo yegungwa, dingindira guru rebhuku iri harizi rimwe kunze kweriye remunhu uye hukama hwake hwedutu nevamwe vamwe vake mukati mekuongorora kusingaperi, kutsvaga kusingaperi, kwegwara rinoera reRufaro. Chimwe chinhu chakafanana chingataurwa nezvacho Pamahombekombe.
Rondedzero yacho inotanga uye inopera pazuva rimwe chete: mariro aMatías, mukoma waRubén Bertomeu, a. muvaki webudiriro uyo, saMichael Corleone, anoedza kuzvidzikinura, yekusiya mushure menguva yakasviba uye yematsotsi kuti vaenderere mberi nebhizinesi ravo zvakachena, vasina kusvibisa maoko avo (“Nguva yezvinhu zvine tsvina yapera, zvino ndiyo nguva yezvinhu zvakachena,[...] chinhu chakarurama, hapana chakapoteredza pano. , hapana pano").
Hapasisina nhubu, hapasisina kutengeswa kwecocaine mumatumbu emabhiza anotorwa kunze kwenyika kubva kuMexico.
Rubén Bertomeu, asingakanganwike hunhu
Kunge zvese zvakanaka zvakaipa, mitemo yake yetsika haipfuuriri zvikuru kupfuura iyo yemutemo wesango, weiyo yemunhu akazvigadzira azere nezvikonzero zvaanogona kurara nazvo nehana ine rugare:
“Munongodavira musingasaruri kuti chinhu chiri chose chiri muimwe nhambo, kunyange rima gurusa, chakakodzera kuremekedzwa uye hachifaniri kubatwa; Pamusoro pekusava nemusoro, zvaunofunga hazvigone kuve zvakanaka, kana kuti zvine hutano: kusashuvira kuenda nhanho imwe kupfuura vamwe vaenda. Kwete kuita: ndiko kunyarara, kuvhara ”.
Tichifunga nezvekuoma kwazvakaita kuti firimu uye maindasitiri ezvinyorwa agadzirise iyo mafia chinhu (kuve iyo yazvino exponent, weIrish, zvimwe zvakafanana zvachose), Kupisa zvitunha akaunza hutsva kurudzi rwemafia akabirwa, kutenda, kunyanya, kurudo rwaRubén Bertomeu: “Ndiri muvaki. Ini ndinoda iyo jargon ye slabs, mapurani, formwork, props, tsvimbo, mesh, pasi uye tochanas. Ndagara ndichitenda kuti ndine chipo chebasa iri. Mumwe nemumwe ane kugona kuita chimwe chinhu […] kukwikwidza chete mune zvauri kuzohwina”.
Pasinei nekurarama hupenyu hwekubatikana a paredhi yenguva dzose pasina nzvimbo (anogara achityaira uye anongozvisiya kuti atsike pazvivakwa zviri kuvakwa, maresitorendi nedzimba dzepfambi) uye kwete vanhu (anongonzwa rudo kuna amai vake nevana vake), pasinei nokuti ndiye akanyanya kushata, ndiye anonyanya kufara pane vanhu vose. Uye mufananidzo wacho wakatendeka, uye rwiyo rwekusuwa rwakanyungudutswa nevamwe vakajaira, zvekuti runotyisa.
Rubén Bertomeu: murume, ane chiuru kududzira
Rufu rwemukoma ndicho chikonzero chatinobvumirwa kupinda nacho mupfungwa dzenhengo dzemhuri yeBertomeu, kuburikidza nemavari. tinowana chiratidzo icho chimwe nechimwe chazvo pamusoro paRubén, tsika dzayo nezviito zvayo; nezve zvakaitwa nechaunga chayo chekongiri kumamiriro ekunze kweguta rengano reLevantine reMisent.
Kuburikidza ne monodialogues uye kutsauka pamisoro yakaita semari, tsika, zvematongerwo enyika kana zvinyorwa, muverengi anoumba zvidimbu zvepikicha kubva kune data rinobuda iro rinobatsira kunzwisisa mamiriro emunhu ega ega evanhu vasina kunaka vanosangana pano. Hwisisa drama ravo uye kuti vakasvika sei pano.
Kuti aite izvi, Chirbes akakwenenzvera izvo rondedzero inoenderera, isina nhaurirano nemapoinzi nemaside kuti aitodzidzira mumabhuku apfuura uye izvo zvinoyeuchidza nezve kudzokororwa kwepakati uye kweupofu kwe Jose Saramago. Nekudaro, inoshandisa yakanatswa uye yakaoma chimiro (yakakura polyphony) kupfuura iyo yechiPutukezi, pamwe nepfungwa isina mhosva yetsika nemaitiro: mu Kupisa zvitunha Hazvina kujeka uye kujeka kuti ndiani gamba uye kuti ndiani ane utsinye nekuti musiyano wakadaro hauna musoro, zvichienderana nekuti ndedzipi nyaya, hazvina musoro uye hazvina maturo.
Zvakare, hongu, tinogona kuenzanisa nzira yaChirbes neye fullner asi, nekuzvipira kwatinako pano fullner, zviri nani kwete. (RIP José Luis Cuerda).
Kuwanda kwevatauri vengano Kupisa zvitunha
Vatauri vakasiyana-siyanaimwe pachitsauko) titungamirire kuburikidza nekusingaperi kudzokororwa, preterites (zvinowanzoitika), digressions uye ndangariro.
Hapana chinhu chinoitika (zvechokwadi zvishoma pane zvaunoona mu Canal+ series, zvemhando yepamusoro) Kunyangwe paine zvirevo zvisingadzivisike kuHondo yeVanhu, Historical pedagogy inotarisa padanho rehurumende dzekutanga dzesocialist:
"Collado, takaita zvataifanira kuita, zvidzidzo zvehupfumi zvakadana kuti kuunganidza kwekare kwemari, nyika ino yaida kuumba kirasi, uye yakanga isina chokuita nazvo; ikozvino kirasi inovhara miganhu, iyo quota yakazaruka, yave nguva yekuona kuti hapana zvese izvo zvekufambiswa kwevanhu, kufamba ikoko, iyo permeability pakati pemakirasi ".
Hunhu hwaCollado hahukanganwike. Munhu anosuwa uye ane rombo rakanaka anomiririra zviri nani pane chero zvinorehwa nekukundikana. Ndemumwe wevatambi vanogona kunzwa kufarira kukuru muverengi. yevashoma mavara zvakajairika. Collado ndiye musana wechiito chidiki cheinovhero. Tinoda kutaura zvakafanana nezvevamwe vese vatambi. Asi kwete.
Details: kana yakawandisa?
Kutsoropodza kukuru kunogona kuitwa Kupisa zvitunha ndiko kuti, dzimwe nguva, zvinonyanya kukosha. Zvakawanda zvakawandisa nezvemavara akawandisa. Basa rekwaya rakapendirwa isu, canvas ine mavara mazhinji uye mimvuri, hongu, asi pane kashoma kupindirana pakati pavo, kungova parade yendangariro. Rampages umo mumwe nemumwe anopa shanduro yake yechokwadi uye yehupenyu. Iri bhuku rinonakidza, asi, sebhuku rakanaka, rinoda muverengi. Chenjerera.
Hatina kutanga nekutaura Marías pasina chikonzero. Murume anobva kuMadrid, akajaira kutiyeuchidza muEPS pose apo mukana unomuka (tinofungidzira iye achisunungura mabheji kune vatyairi vetekisi) kuti akabudisa bhuku rake rekutanga pazera remakore 19, ave achitamba mutambo mumwechete kwemakumi emakore, ndiko kuti. , zvakapesana ne pfungwa, pfungwa uye maitiro, zvese zvinobatanidzwa mukusingaperi bhiza rekutsauka.
Hurukuro dzakasiyana dzehuropi dzinouya pamwechete mukati Kupisa zvitunha padzimwe nguva anogona kuremerwa, kunyange zvazvo achifadza zvikuru kupfuura ayo anogona kuraviwa mukati Mangwana muhondo ufunge nezvangu kana in Iwo anopwanya (kunyangwe izvi, zvamazvirokwazvo, zvatove zvakasarudzika zvemunhu zvinosiyana zvichienderana nezvinoda muverengi). Musiyano uri mukusiyana kwakasiyana kwemadingindira uye maonero. On Kupisa zvitunha, sezvo kuine vanyori vakawanda, muverengi anomanikidzwa kuita mutongo, azvimise, aratidze. Sarudza waunotenga kutaura kubva kwaari. kuzivana