Mumukana uno tichange tichitaura nezve spectacled bear features, ziva nesu hunhu hwayo husingadaviriki, hugaro, hunhu, kudyisa, uye nezvimwe zvakawanda, gara pano uye udzidze nezve iyi inonakidza mhuka inowanikwa kuSouth America.
bere rinoona
Bere rinoona rinomiririra mhuka inoyamwisa kubva kune dzimwe nyika dziri kuSouth America. Chokwadi, wakashamisika, chikonzero chezita rayo, chiri nyore kwazvo, iyi dhinominesheni yakanyorwa nekuda kweiyo morphological maitiro, tichifunga kuti ine madenderedzwa machena pane chimwe chikamu chechipfuva chayo.
Kazhinji, hunhu uhwu ndihwo hunowanzo nyanya kushamisa morphology yayo, bere iri riri munyika dzakasiyana siyana, dzinoti:
- Venezuela
- Korombiya
- Peru
- Ekwadho
- Borivhiya
Munyika zhinji idzi zvingava zvakadaro, mhuka yacho inogona kuzivikanwa nemazita akasiyana-siyana, sezvakaita muVenezuela, uko inozivikanwa sebere rinoona. Bere iri rine zvikwanisiro zvakasiyana-siyana zvinoribvumira kushanda zvakanaka munzvimbo yaro.
Kutosvika pakufamba nenzira dzakanyanyisa sezvo dzimwe nguva ichikwanisa kukwira dzimwe nzvimbo dzine makomo, kunyangwe dzine matombo. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti izvi zvinowanzoita zvakanyanya kushanda mukati mezuva, sezvo usiku zvinoramba zvakanyarara.
Kazhinji, izvi Mabheya Vane kudya kwakaringana, kwakapfuma mumiriwo nemichero, ndokusaka vachinzi omnivores, havadyi nyama kubva kune dzimwe mhuka uye, kazhinji, vanowanzodya zvirimwa zvakakura, izvo zvinovapa chikafu chinodiwa chekudya. muviri wavo.. Izvo zvakakosha kuratidza kuti bere rinotaridzika parizvino rine zvimwe zvinotyisidzira izvo zvinotyisidzira kurarama kwayo kwechisikigo. Izvi nekuda kwezvimwe zviito zvekuvhima izvo munhu anoita nguva nenguva achirwisa mhuka iyi.
Evolution
evolution uye spectacled bear features zvakaratidza kuti yakashanduka zvishoma nezvishoma, izvi zvinozivikanwa nekuda kweruzivo rwakatemerwa nezvinyorwa zvezvisaririra. Mushure mekutsvakurudza kwakawanda kubva pakuvapo kwebheya munguva dzeprehistoric.
Maererano nezvidzidzo uye tsvakurudzo, bere iri rakakwanisa kusvika kuAmerican continent mushure mekuita kunonzi paleozoogeographic, chiitiko umo marudzi akawanda emhuka dzepanyika dzakatama kubva kuchamhembe kusvika kumaodzanyemba kweAmerica, imwe yadzo yaiva bheya rinoona.
Zvishoma nezvishoma, mhuka idzi dzakachinjika kumamiriro ekurarama akapihwa neAmerican continent, mavakakwanisa kushanduka nenzira yekongiri, maererano ne spectacled bear features, izvi zvakakwanisa kuwana chimiro uye mavara anozviratidzira nhasi, achipfuudza mavara ayo kuzvizvarwa zvinotevera.
Zvokudya
Kudyiswa kwemapere ane ziso mune imwe pfungwa chinhu chakakosha, muchikamu chino, zviri kwatiri kuti titsanangure hwaro hwekudyiswa kwemhuka idzi, ipapo unozoziva zvadzinodya, uye ndedzipi chikafu chadzinowana. kuburikidza nezvokudya zvakasiyana-siyana zvaunodya.
Mhuka iyi yakabatwa ichidya nyama pazviitiko zvishomanana zvikuru, kunyange zvazvo inogona kudya inenge 3 muzana yayo. Zvisinei, inoda mamwe marudzi ezvokudya. Zvakanaka, kudya kwemapere anoonekwa kunobva zvakanyanya pakudyiwa kwezvirimwa zvemuriwo nemichero. Izvi zvinoreva kuti kune zvakasiyana-siyana zvenzungu zvinodyiwa nyore nemhuka. Pakati pemiti tinogona kutaura kana kusimbisa mamwe maruva akadai se bamboo.
Iyo bromeliad ndeimwe yeanofarira bere, inotsvakwa zvakanyanya nekuda kwekunaka kwayo, kazhinji haiwanzo kuidya yese, chikamu chayo chemukati chete. Kune rumwe rutivi, hatigoni kukundikana kududza zvibereko, sezvo izvi zvinozvipa zvokudya zvakakwana kuti zvikudziridze chitsama chakanaka kwazvo chesimba, izvo zvinovabvumira kutora makabhohaidhiretsi uyezve mavhitamini.
Makwati emuti chikafu chinoyevedza chinoramba chichidyiwa zvishoma nezvishoma, sezvatakataura, bere hariwanzokudziridza pfungwa yaro yekudya, zvisinei, rinogona kuvhima dzimwe mhuka, dzakadai se:
- Makonzo
- Tsuro
- Kudanwa
- dzimwe shiri
- Ganado
Idzi ndidzo dzimwe dzemhuka dzinosanganisirwa mukudya kwenyama yadzinodya, izvi zvanyanya, kureva kuti hadzina mukana wekuwana zvirimwa, miti yekushongedza, kana kunyange michero.
Zvisinei, izvi zvinokura sezvatakambotaura mumamiriro ezvinhu ekushayikwa kukuru kwezvokudya zvambotaurwa, zvakadai semichero, kana zvisina kudaro bere rinogara richitsvaka kudya pamiti inonyanya kukwezva kwairi uye kuti, chokwadi, inokwanisa kugutsa zvinodikanwa izvo mumwe nomumwe anazvo. Zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa nemuviri wako.
Hunhu hwebere reziso rinoona
Bere rinotaridzika rine zvimwe zvinhu chaizvo, izvo zvinoita kuti ive yakakosha uye yakasarudzika kubva kune mamwe marudzi emapere, ndosaka iri nharaunda inogona kuzivikanwa zviri nyore, pazasi tinopa humwe hunhu hwebheya rinoonekwa :
Extremities
Kana iri nhengo dzayo, idzi dzine hukuru hukuru, kureva kuti, dzine upamhi uye hurefu hwakanaka, zvisinei, sezvinotarisirwa, makumbo epamberi ane saizi yakakura kwazvo kupfuura yekumashure, anobatsira kuti amire. ease.
Makumbo ane hafu-yakatenderera uye yakatsetseka chimiro, iyo ine saizi ingangoita 22 centimita. Makumbo aya anomubvumira kuwana chimiro chikuru, pamwe nekumubvumira kuvhima nerunyararo rwakakwana rwepfungwa uye panguva imwechete chengetedzo sezvo kusimba kunobva kwavari kunoita kuti anzwe akachengeteka paanotarisana neangangobatwa.
Makumbo ayo anonyatso kuperekedzwa nenzara dzakatsetseka uye dzakarebesa izvo mhuka imwe chete inorodza zvishoma nezvishoma uye nguva dzose, nekuda kwemaitiro aya ebheya rinoona, kana ichifamba rinowanzosiya mucherechedzo pasi unonzi paw print. Kune chikamu chayo, makuhwa mamwe chete aya anopawo mamwe mabhenefiti kana zvasvika pakuvhima mhuka dzakasiyana dzaanokwanisa kuwana, kunyangwe nadzo dzinogona kukwira dzimwe nzvimbo.
kugadzirwa kwepfupa
Kana ari maumbirwo aro ebhonzo, izvi zvinokatyamadza uye zvinoshamisa, humwe hwehunhu hwebere reAndean kuve kuvandudzwa kwechimiro chebhonzo chakanyatso kuomarara uye chakanyatsorongeka. Inoumbwa nepeya gumi nenhatu dzembabvu. Rudzi urwu kunyanya rwakasiyana zvakanyanya sezvo zvidzidzo zvakaratidza kuti mamwe marudzi emapere ane mapaya akawanda embabvu.
Zvimwe zve spectacled bear features, ndicho chinhu chikuru pamusoro pechimiro chayo chetsandanyama, kunyanya mamhasuru ayo anayo kumucheto wepamusoro, ndiko kuti, mudehenya, tichifunga kuti inoumbwa nezvikamu zvitatu zvinotsanangura chiyero chebhonzo rayo, izvo, chimiro che makomba anoramba ari pabendekete remhuka.
Mutumbi
Kana uri muviri webheya rinotaridzika, rakasimba zvakanyanya, tichifunga kuti uremu hwayo hukuru hukuru, saka, muviri waro, sezvaunotarisirwa, wakakura. Muchikamu chepasi chemhuka, ine rudzi rwemuswe unogona kunge ungangoita masendimita masere maererano nechiyero chezviyero zvemabheya akawanda anoonekwa.
Nguva zhinji haugone kuona kana kuona muswe wavanawo, izvi zvinokonzerwa nehukuru hwemvere dzine mhuka panguva ino, nekuti kazhinji vhudzi rinowanzovanza muswe, zvisinei mune dzimwe nguva. mboro inomira kunze zvisinei nekureba kwemvere dzayo.
Size
Chimwe chei spectacled bear features Ihwo hukuru hwavanopa, huri humwe hwemhando dzemabheya, dzine zvishoma zvishoma, izvi mukuenzanisa kune rimwe boka remabheya, kureva, kune mamwe marudzi. Panyaya yevakadzi, zvinoshamisa, ivo vanowanzove vadiki pane varume pachavo.
Huremu hwemhuka idzi hune hukama, izvi zvinoenderana nehuremu hwemhando imwe chete, sezvo kazhinji varume, vane saizi yakakura, vanowanzo kurema kupfuura vakadzi, saka huremu hwadzo hunosvika 180 anenge kilos, izvi zvinoenderana madyiro anoita bere rinoona.
Kana zviri zviyero zvavo, izvi zvinogona kusvika masendimita zana nemakumi matanhatu, zvichiperekedzwa neanenge 160 metres, kune chikamu chavo, vakadzi verudzi urwu rwemapere vane huremu hunosvika makumi manomwe kilos, zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti ivo vanowanzove vadiki pane varume zvishoma nemusiyano wakakura. Iri bheya rinonyanya kuwanda munyika dzakasiyana dzatataura muzvikamu zvakapfuura, nechikonzero ichi rave richionekwa semhuka isingagariki ine kukosha kukuru kune dzakawanda zvisikwa zvipenyu.
Fur
Mhando yemvere dzine bere iri hadzina kupfava zvachose. Zvakatopesana, iyi yakaoma mativi ese, uye yakakora kwazvo, a spectacled bear feature, ndechokuti mvere dzinoita kukura zvishoma nezvishoma uye kureba. Huzhinji hwemvere dzayo hunoita kunge hutema hwakanyanya, kunyangwe mune mimwe mienzaniso yanga iri nyaya yekuvapo kweanodhura zvakanyanya, semhando yebrown-kofi.
Zvinogona kuverengerwa kuti mune zvimwe zviitiko, zvienzaniso zvinozvarwa zvine mavara akasiyana, izvo zvinovatendera kuziva uye kuzivana. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti ganda remhuka idzi rinova rakapfava nekuda kwemamiriro ekunze anoitika munzvimbo dzinogara mabheya.
Cara
Kana ari chiso chake, aya ndiwo maitiro chaiwo, nekuda kwezvimwe zvinhu zviripo pairi. Nekurutivi rwayo, shaya yavanayo inoshingirira uye yakati rebei, iyo ine mamwe mahombe akafara muchimiro chayo, ayo anobatsira zvakanyanya pakutsenga chikafu chaanodya. Chiso chake chakati denderedzwa, kunyangwe panguva imwechete yakarebesa, semhuno yake, iyi inoita kunge idiki, chimiro chemutsipa wake chakakora kwazvo, nzeve dzake idiki, dzinogara dzakasimba uye dzakatenderera panguva imwe chete. Meso ake madiki muhukuru. Kana iri pfungwa yake yekunhuwa, iyi ine simba zvakanyanya.
Ngozi yekutsakatika
Kufanana nemhuka zhinji dzepáramo, bheya rinoona nderimwe reavo vari panjodzi zvachose, idi rinokurumidza kuriisa munjodzi yekutsakatika, nekuda kwenhamo yarinogara richitarisana naro. Neizvi, zvishoma nezvishoma zvienzaniso zvakasiyana-siyana zvemarudzi zvakanyangarika nemukurumbira mukuru.
Zvinokonzera
Pane zvikonzero zvakasiyana izvo zvaisa mhuka dzemabheya dzinoonekwa munjodzi yekutsakatika munzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana dzaari kupedza husiku. Hezvino zvimwe zvezvikonzero zvinowanzoitika:
Kuchinjwa kwekugara kwavo kwechisikigo
Mabasa akasiyana ekurima anoitwa nemunhu ane mukurumbira wakashata munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dzinowanzogara bere iri. Kutenda kune zvimwe zvidzidzo zvakaitwa, zvakasimbiswa kuti zvipenyu zvakawanda pamwero wakakwana hazvina nharaunda yakakwana yekugara kwemhuka idzi, sezvo kazhinji, nekusawana zviwanikwa zvinodiwa munzvimbo yadzinogara zviri pachena. Mamiriro ezvinhu haasi akanyanya kunaka kune hutano uye kukura kwayo kwakazara.
Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti nguva zhinji ecosystem yakakanganiswa nekuda kwekuvakwa kwemaguta, kusanganisira kuvhurwa kwenzira nyowani dzakasvibira dzave migwagwa mikuru, dzakavakwa dzakatenderedza nzvimbo dzakasvibira dzinogara mabheya anoonekwa. Nekuda kweizvozvo, kumwe kushomeka kwezvinomera kunokura, chinhu chakakosha kumhuka idzi sezvo kudya kwadzo kunoenderana nezvinomera.
Kuvhima zvisina tsarukano
Bere rinoona rinowanzovhimwa nevanhu nguva dzose uye nguva dzose. Izvi nechinangwa chega chekuwana nyama yavo yekuitengesa. Kushandiswa kwedzimwe nhengo dzayo, senge gallbladder, imhando yenhengo inoshandiswa pakurapa. Mune iyi kurongeka kwemazano, munguva dzekare yaive yakakurumbira kwazvo kubata mapere aya, kuratidzwa, izvi zvakaitwa munyika dzeSouth America.
Kutenda kune mimwe mhedzisiro inoburitswa nekutadza kwenzvimbo inogara mhuka idzi, zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti kazhinji mapere anomanikidzwa kugadzirisa chikafu nekudya nyama yemombe, saka varidzi vemhuka idzi vanowanzoparadza mapere ane hushingi hwekudya nyama yemombe.
Zviito zvekuchengetedza
Tichifunga nezvezvinhu zvatakambotaura, zvakakosha kuratidza kuti padanho repasi rose, mamwe mapurojekiti akatsanangurwa anobvumidza kuvandudzwa kwekuchengetedzwa kwemhando idzi dzemapere anoona. Zvimwe zvezviito izvi zvakagadziridzwa sezvinotevera:
Kuwedzera kwenzvimbo
Kuvandudzwa kweichi chirongwa kwakakosha zvakanyanya uye kwakakosha, kunoda kukwirisa nzvimbo dzakasvibira, kureva, mazhinji ecosystems umo bheya rinoona riripo, nechinangwa chekuti mapere anogona kushanda neyakajairwa uye akati nzvimbo, achikwanisa kuwana kubva kwavari bhenefiti huru inobvira yekupona kwavo kuzere.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OnXRTB5EF_8
masimba
Kudzora kune dzimwe nzvimbo kwakakosha zvakanyanya, nekuti kunofanirwa kutariswa nguva nenguva kana mirau ichiteedzerwa, izvi zvinoreva kuti neiyi nhanho yekuvhima inofanirwa kudzorwa, ndiko kuti, ivo vanofanirwa kuderera zvakanyanya.
Uyezve, kutonga uku kunoreva kugara uchicherechedza kutyisidzira kwakasiyana-siyana kunooneka nguva dzose munzvimbo yebere, kuitira kuti nenzira iyi zvinokwanisika kudzora kutyisidzira kwakasiyana kunowanikwa munharaunda yezvisikwa zvemabheya.
Zvirongwa zvekuita
Mazhinji enharaunda dzepasirese akabatana kuti awane dziviriro kwete chete yezvakasiyana-siyana zvipenyu zvinowanikwa mumasango eAmerica, kuitira kwete kudzivirira mapere chete, asiwo mamwe marudzi anowanikwa ari munjodzi yekutsakatika.
Pakati pezvirongwa zvakatariswa, uye zvakatoiswa muzviito, kuziva kwehuwandu hwevanhu, nekuita hurukuro dzekuchengetedza kuchengetedzwa kwemaruva nemhuka dziripo munzvimbo idzi.
Nekuda kwavo, nyika dzakaita seVenezuela neColombia, hadziregi nzira dzadzo dzekubatsira padambudziko iri, nyika idzi dzakadzokorora kuchinjana zvirongwa zvakasiyana-siyana uye nzira dzakabatsira zvakanyanya mukuchengetedza nharaunda idzi.
Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti Colombia, iri nyika yakakura-yakasiyana-siyana, yakaita mipiro yakawanda yakabatsira mukudzoreredzwa kwenzvimbo dzayo dzezviratidzo, kuitira kuti irambe ichichengetedza marudzi ayo anogara aripo.
Ecuador nePeru hadzisi kure kumashure, nyika mbiri idzi dzakashandukawo maererano nemitemo yekuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza, zvakare kukwanisa kutarisa nzvimbo dzakasvibirira, uko mabheya aya anoonekwa anowanikwa, kuwana kuderedzwa kwemasango akasiyana-siyana. Zvinotozivikanwa kuti vakadzinga nzvimbo dzekumaruwa umo vanhu vakaedza kutora nzvimbo dzemhuka.
Parizvino kune kufambira mberi kwakawanda nemigumisiro yakawanikwa nekuda kwemitemo yekudzivirira iyi, zvisinei, zvibvumirano zvitsva zvakaitwa pakati penyika dzinobvumira kuti kutarisirwa uku kuwedzere, kusvika kune zvimwe zvibvumirano zvinoenda kure nekuchengetedza nzvimbo dzakapoteredza.
Vanotsvakawo kuchengetedza kuwedzera kwese kwezvinomera zvinobatana neBolivia nePeru. Nekudaro, huwandu hwevhu hwakaita zvekuti kunyangwe mazuva ano kuchine matura enzvimbo kana zvikamu zvisina kuchengetedzwa kwakakodzera kwekuchengetedza kunotsvakwa, zvisinei kuedza hakuregi.
Ndeipi inogara bere rinoona?
Hugaro hwebheya rinoonekera inoumbwa nenhevedzano yehunhu hwakasiyana-siyana, tichifunga kuti chimwe chezvimiro zvebheya rinoona kurarama munzvimbo dzinopisa kwazvo dzinopisa, dzinoumbwa nenzvimbo huru dzenyika. Idzi nyika dzinowanzopa mamiriro anodiwa emarudzi ose ayo inochengeta. Mukuwedzera, tinofanira kusimbisa kuti mamiriro ekunze akanaka zvachose, kwete kumhuka chete, asiwo kune zvinomera.
Zvinonyanya kukosha kutaura kuti spectacled bear features Ndezvokuti dzimwe nguva vanovanda kana kuti vanovanda mune mamwe marudzi emakwenzi, kwavanonzwa vakasununguka zvachose. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti boka iri remapere hariwanzo kunakidza munzvimbo dzisina masango, nekuti mazhinji acho anogara pasi pe Mamiriro ekunze eTropical uye nguva dzose pamamours.
Kana iri yePeru, iyi inyika ine marudzi akasiyana-siyana, saka mabheya anoyevedza anowanzowanikwa zviri nyore, zvisinei, kune nzvimbo uko zvinomera zvaanoda kudya zvinokura nyore.
Ndokusaka, kana nzvimbo isingavatenderi kudya zvakakwana, bere rinotsvaga kutama zvine simba kuenda kunzvimbo dzinoribatsira kudya nguva nenguva. Kune chikamu chayo, hunyoro ndechimwe chezvinhu zvinofanirwa kunge zviripo munzvimbo yebere inotaridzika, nekuda kwechikonzero ichi, sarudzo yaro ichagara iri yekuiisa musango rakanyorova.
Tasvika kumagumo enzvimbo yedu, takagadzira zvinogutsa ruzivo rwakakosha nezvese hunhu nehunhu zvine bere hombe iri. Tinovimba kuti ruzivo rwakapihwa rwave nerubatsiro rwakakwana kwauri iwe muverengi anodiwa.