Mabhegi epurasitiki ane kugona kushandiswa muzviitiko zvakasiyana senzira yekutakura zvinhu zvidiki, kuchengetedza chikafu, kuchengetedza zvinhu, pakati pemamwe mabasa mazhinji; Nekufamba kwemakore, kugadzirwa kwechigadzirwa ichi kwakawedzera uye pamwe nacho chimwe chezvikonzero zvikuru zvekusvibisa nharaunda.Chinyorwa chino chichatsanangura kuti chinyorwa ichi chii uye kuti chinokanganisa sei zvisikwa zvepasi.
Mabhegi epurasitiki
Hunhu hukuru hwemabhegi epurasitiki zvinhu zvawo nekuti anogadzirwa nelinear polyethylene, zvakare ine yakaderera-density polyethylene, haisi rudzi rwechigadzirwa chinoramba chakabatana asi chine kugona kutsvedza uye kuve nyore kuumbwa.Nekuda kwekuti Iwo haana evaporation poindi, zvichipa kune yavo elastic kuumbwa, nekuda kwezvimiro zvavo vanogona kutora akasiyana mafomu. Kune marudzi akasiyana emabhegi epurasitiki, ane basa chairo kana kuti akasikirwa imwe nyaya.
Izvo zvakare zvakagadzirirwa ne polypropylene, iyi iri mutsauko wekuumbwa kwayo mune zvimiro zve organic components, mabhegi akakamurwa zvichienderana nenyaya yaachazoshandiswa. Mukuwedzera pakuva nemabhegi epurasitiki ekutakura zvinhu zviduku, uyewo kana zvinhu zvakakura zvinofanira kuchengetwa. Mamwe marudzi ezvishandiso anogona kutoshandiswa kugadzira bhegi, izvi zvinoenderana nekuumbwa kwazvinazvo, pakati pepamusoro pekugadzira organic komisheni inogona kuve nekuwedzera elastic hunhu uye nekupokana kukuru. Nekuda kweizvi vanogona kuverengerwa zvichienderana nehuremu hwavanokwanisa kutsigira, nenzira iyi vanhu vanowana mabhegi epurasitiki avanoda.
Oiri ndiyo imwe yenzvimbo huru yezvigadzirwa zvekugadzirwa kwezvakasiyana siyana zvezvigadzirwa zvinodiwa kumunhu, zvichiiswa pasi pe pyrolytic process inokonzera kuwanikwa kwezvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana zvinogadziriswa kudzamara vawana zviwanikwa zvakakosha zvekusimudzira zuva nezuva. hupenyu, kusimbisa munyaya iyi mabhegi epurasitiki. Kuumbwa kwechigadzirwa ichi kunobva kune petroleum derivatives, ndosaka ichionekwa seyakanyanya kusvibisa, kugadzirwa kwayo kunosanganisira extrusion yeresin, iyo inogona kushandiswa nenzira dzakasiyana, izvi zvinoenderana neindasitiri inotarisira magadzirirwo ayo, ndiani. Iyo ine basa rekusarudza iyo organic components inogona kuve nehupamhi hwepamusoro kana hushoma density.
Nekuda kwezvivakwa izvi uye chimiro, mabhegi epurasitiki anotora nguva yekuora, ndiko kuti, zvinofanirwa kutora makore mazhinji kuti chinhu ichi chiparadzanise muzvikamu zvaro, chichidzokera kune zvidimbu zvidiki. Zvinogona kutora makore anosvika mazana mashanu kuti hurongwa hwese hwekudzikisirwa hupere, ndokusaka huchionekwa sechimwe chezvinhu zvinosvibisa zvakanyanya pasi. Iyo inoonekwa seimwe yezvakakura zvakasara papasi, zvichiratidza chokwadi chekuti kuraswa kwayo kwakaringana hakuna kuteedzerwa, munhu akaita zvisina basa nechigadzirwa ichi, kubva tsika yakaipa yekurasa mabhegi epurasitiki chero kupi, pasina kutora mukati. verenga zvese zvinokonzeresa izvo chiito ichi chinoburitsa paNyika.
Nekuda kweizvi ndiyo imwe yekusvibisa kukuru kwemigwagwa, zvakare yemakungwa nemasikirwo enzvimbo; izvi zvinokanganisa kuenzana kwezvakatipoteredza. Kuratidzira mune iyi nyaya zvitsuwa zvinoyangarara zvemarara zvinowanikwa mumakungwa uye zvinonyanya kuumbwa nemabhegi epurasitiki ayo nzanga akarasa uye akaraswa pamahombekombe, zvichiunza kunetseka kukuru nekuda kwekukanganisa kwakanyanya kwazvinokonzeresa. Pamusoro pezvo, kuomesera kwayo kuri kunonoka, sezvakatsanangurwa pamusoro, saka masangano akati wandei akatsvaga mhinduro dzinogona kushandiswa kuderedza huwandu hwepurasitiki mumarara enyika.
Zvemamiriro ekunze
Purasitiki chinhu chine chimiro chemusanganiswa wezvakagadzirwa zvinogoneka kuumbika, kureva kuti, inogona kutora chimiro chakananga sezvinodiwa; nenzira iyi pane zvakanakira kushandisa chinhu ichi muzviitiko zvakawanda. Kune huwandu hukuru hwezvinhu zvinogadzirwa neyakagadzirwa organic makomisheni kuitira kuti vakwanise kushandura chimiro chavo kana kutsvedza pasina kutyora cheni dzakabatanidzwa dzeorganic compounds.
Parizvino pane huwandu hukuru hwezvinhu zvakagadzirwa nemhando iyi yezvinhu, zvichiratidza pakati pavo mabhegi epurasitiki, imhando yechigadzirwa chinoshandiswa kuchengetedza nekufambisa zvinhu, kutakura zvinhu, kuchengetedza chikafu, kuchengetedza zvinhu, kurasa marara, pakati pezvimwe. mabasa.
Kukanganisa kwemabhegi epurasitiki pane zvakatipoteredza kunokonzerwa nekuti vanhu vanoakanda pasina hanya kana vachiashandisa, kusvibisa nharaunda uye kukanganisa nzvimbo dzinogara mhuka dzakasiyana. Iyi tsika yekurasa marara pasi kana mumvura inosvibisawo ma biomes, kushandura maitiro avo echisikigo. Kuzivikanwa kwemabhegi epurasitiki kwakatanga kubva pakatangwa mu70s, anowanzo kushandiswa muzvitoro, masupamaketi nemabhizinesi, kwaanounzwa mahara, saka kutora kwavo kuri nyore. Nekuda kweizvi, nzanga yakakwanisa kuzvizadza nemabhegi epurasitiki achiashandisa muzviitiko zvakasiyana, dambudziko rinotanga pakuti chinhu ichi chinogona kuraswa sei.
Rimwe remabasa ayo makuru nderekurasa marara emumba, nekuda kwechikonzero ichi zvakajairika kuve nemabhegi aya epurasitiki mudzimba. Kudiwa kwechinhu ichi kwakanga kusingadzoreki, munhu wose aiva nomumwe, asi chikanganiso chaiva chokuti mabhegi akasvika mumigwagwa, makungwa, uyewo munzizi, makungwa, kunyange mumarara. Nzvimbo dzechisikigo, zvipenyu uye zvipenyu zvakakanganiswa nemabhegi epurasitiki, zvinosvibisa makungwa, zvinopinda munzvimbo dzinogara mhuka, nekuda kwavo mhuka dzinogona kunyura, kunyangwe dzikadzidya, dzinodzipisa, dzichibvisa mhando dzeimwe ecosystem.
Nenzira imwecheteyo, inokanganisa zvipenyu zvemumvura, zvichikanganisa zvipenyu zvese zvinowanikwa mumakungwa nemumakungwa.Mazuvano zvakajairika kuwana kamba, hove nezvimwe zvinoyamwisa zvakapinzwa mumapurasitiki uye kunyangwe zviripo zvinokanganisa nekuda kwekuvapo kwechinhu ichi mumiviri yayo. natural habitat; kuparara kwayo kunononoka zvikuru saka inogona kukanganisa zvisikwa zvakasiyana mukufamba kwayo kuburikidza nematunhu akasiyana; Zvinogona kutora makore akawanda kuora uye izvi nechimwe nechimwe chezvinhu zvinogadzirwa nepurasitiki.
Zvikonzero zvisingafaniri kushandiswa
Chikonzero chikuru chekusashandisa mabhegi epurasitiki ndechekuti iwo chinhu chinosvibisa zvakanyanya, asi zvimwe zvikonzero zvinogona zvakare kujekeswa kuderedza kushandiswa kwavo, kunyangwe zvese zvine chekuita nekukanganisa kwavo nharaunda. Parizvino, anopfuura miriyoni mabhegi epurasitiki akashandiswa asi haana kudzokororwa anenge akazara, iyi yakawanda yekushandiswa kwechinhu ichi inokanganisa zvakatipoteredza, kune huwandu hukuru hwechigadzirwa ichi mumakomo emarara uye kamwe chete kuraswa. haina chero rudzi rwekushandisa.
Zvakatarwa kuti China ndiyo imwe yenyika dzinoshandisa chiwanikwa ichi zvakanyanya, ichishandisa mabhegi epurasitiki anoda kusvika mabhiriyoni matatu zuva rega rega; nepo US inoshandisa 100000 bhiriyoni pagore. Izvi zvinoda mabhegi epurasitiki zvakanyanya, uye zviri kungofunga nezvenyika mbiri chete, asi nenzira iyi zvinokonzeresa kuparara kwemhoteredzo.
Maitiro ekudzokorodza emabhegi epurasitiki anodhura zvakanyanya, izvi zvinokonzerwa nekuumbwa kwayo kwakaomarara kweorganic compounds, izvo zvinoda hurongwa hwepamberi nehunyanzvi hwemhando yepamusoro, nechikonzero ichi mabhegi haadzokororwe, nekuti ingave mari yakakura kwazvo nyika, ndosaka vachitsvaga kutora tsika yekudzikisa kushandiswa kwavo, kana kuishandisa zvakare kana vaine mukana.
Pakusikwa kwechinhu ichi, madhiramu emafuta anodiwa, achishandisa zvigadzirwa zvayo kuti atsanangure, dambudziko nderekuti makomisheni aya anotora nguva yakareba kuti adzikise (anenge zviuru zvemakore) anokanganisa nyika. Uyewo pamabhegi vanowanzova nechinyorwa, asi ingi inoshandiswa inotyisa, ichipa chimwe chikonzero chekusashandisa chinhu ichi kana kuti kuderedza kushandiswa kwayo. Kucherechedza kuti zvinhu zvose zvinoshandiswa pakugadzirisa zvinokuvadza kune hutano uye zvakatipoteredza.
Inosvibisa zvipenyu zvemumvura, inokonzera kufa kwemarudzi akawanda anowanikwa mumakungwa, kunyanya kamba, sezvo dzichidzisanganisa nejellyfish dzodzipedza, zvichiita kuti dzive nehupfu uye nekunyurawo. Chimwe chikonzero chekuderedza kushandiswa kwemabhegi ndechokuti anosvibisa mhepo uye kuvhara pombi, izvo zvinogona kukonzera mafashamo.
Recycling Process
Maitiro ekudzokorodza mabhegi epurasitiki anosanganisira kutora marara epurasitiki kuitira kuti zvikamu izvi zvigone kushandiswa pakugadzira zvinhu zvitsva nekushandiswa kuri nani, nekudaro kutora mukana wezviwanikwa izvi zvisingadzikisire nyore. Ichi chigadzirwa chitsva chinodaidzwa kuti bhegi rakadzokororwa, kwazvinoburitswa kuti rakapfuura nemuviri-kemikari maitiro kuti ritore zvimiro zvayo uye nekuzvishandura kune rimwe basa.
Kuti uite chirongwa ichi zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti zvimwe zvikamu zvinofanirwa kuzadzikiswa, yekutanga ine "Kupatsanura" apo zvikamu uye zviwanikwa zvinoshandiswa zvinopatsanurwa, chikamu chechipiri ndeche "Material quality control" iyo inosanganisira kutsungirira chimwe nechimwe chezvinyorwa. zvakasara zvakawanikwa mukuparadzana kuitira kuti zvigone kushandiswa zvakare mukutsanangurwa kwechigadzirwa chitsva. Chikamu chechitatu ndeche "Kukanda kwepurasitiki" panofanirwa kunyunguduka yechinhu ichi kuti ipinde muchikamu chechina chinonzi "Pushing through an extruder" apo midziyo inoshandiswa kutamisa zvakasara zvichinyunguduka kuburikidza neextruder. Kana kutama kwakazara kuchiitwa, chikamu chechishanu "Zviduku zvepurasitiki zvimedu" zvinotanga, apo mabhora echinhu ichi achawanikwa kuti ashandiswe sechigadzirwa mune chigadzirwa chitsva.
Nezvimedu zvidiki zvepurasitiki izvi, chikamu chechitanhatu chinotanga, icho chine "Kugadzirwa kwechigadzirwa chitsva", apo pfungwa huru ndeyekushandisa zvese zvakadzoserwa zvikamu mumaitiro anoshandiswa mukutsanangurwa kwechinhu chitsva kana icho chinotora chikamu. mukuita dhizaini chaiyo yechigadzirwa, nenzira iyi zvimiro zvechinhu ichi zvinogona kushandiswa kanopfuura chiitiko chimwe.
Zvinogoneka mhinduro
Mabhegi epurasitiki akakanganisa nharaunda, kushandisa kwavo kusave nehanya ndiko kwakaunza matambudziko akasiyana-siyana mumagariro epasi, nekuda kweizvi zvidzidzo zvakasiyana-siyana zviri kuitwa pamusoro pekuti mamiriro ezvinhu aya angagadziriswe sei, sezvo sosi iyi iri yekushandiswa kwezuva nezuva kuvanhu. Imwe yemazano makuru ndeyekudzikisa mashandisirwo ayo, zvakare kuti inogona kudzokororwa kutora mukana wezvivakwa zvayo; Izvi zvinoda shanduko yetsika munharaunda umo mabhegi epurasitiki asina kuraswa zvisina hanya.
Imwe yemhinduro huru inogona kushandiswa mumhando iyi yemamiriro ezvinhu ndeyekurasa mabhegi epurasitiki munzvimbo dzekudzokorodza, ayo ane basa rekuita maitiro emakemikari emuviri kushandisa zvakare chiwanikwa ichi.
Inogona zvakare kushandiswa zvakare nenzira yemumba, ingave yetsvina yemhuka, semudziyo wemarara mudzimba, kuchengetedza zvinhu zvakasiyana uye zvinhu. Zvinokurudzirwa kuunganidza zvimwe zviduku muhomwe huru, kuitira kuti zvigone kuchengetwa kumatambudziko emangwana ayo anogona kushandiswa. Imwe mhinduro inogona kushandiswa ndeyekushandisa mabhegi anogadzirwa nezvinhu zvinoora, kuitira kuderedza kusvibiswa mumakungwa, mhepo uye ivhu. Nenzira imwecheteyo, kune mukana wekushandisa mabhegi e-biosoluble, ane maitiro chaiwo ekufambisa kuparara kwavo pasina kukanganisa zvisikwa.
Izvo zvinodikanwa kuti, sevanhu, chimwe nechimwe chetsika dzakatarwa kuchengetedza nharaunda zvitevedzwe, tichifunga nezvekuipa kunoenderera mberi uko zviwanikwa zvinoburitswa uye kukanganisa kukuru kwezvakatipoteredza kwazvinoburitsa; iyi ndiyo mhinduro inofanirwa kushandiswa chero nguva, pakati pavo haisi kurasa marara kunze kwemidziyo, kana kukanda mabhegi mumigwagwa, sezvo nekuda kwezvivakwa zvavo uye chimiro chinobva mumafuta hachidzikisire nyore.
Saizvozvo, imwe mhinduro ndeyekudzikisa mafossil mafuta anokanganisa nharaunda, nekuda kweichi chirongwa chekudzorera chinofanirwa kuitwa uko mabhegi anoshandiswa zvakare zvichienderana nekugona kwavo mumamiriro akasiyana, kuitira kuti chimiro chavo chishandiswe zvakanyanya uye chinobvumira kuchengetedza. hupenyu hwehupenyu husina kukanganisa mabasa ezuva nezuva. Kunyange mamwe masangano akaita chiito chekusashandisa mabhegi epurasitiki asi kupa zvinhu zvinoora, kuitira kuti abatsire kubatsiro rezvakatipoteredza rakatangwa pasi rose. Nenzira imwecheteyo, mabhegi anozivikanwa eecological anoshandiswa, ayo ari rudzi rwechigadzirwa chine zvinangwa zvehupenyu, izvi zvinogona kuitwa nekudzokorora mabhegi akajairika.
Mhinduro idzi dzinobatsira mukuchengetedza ecosystems uye biomes izvo nyika inopa, pfungwa huru ndeyekuderedza kushandiswa kwepolyethylene, sezvo sosi iyi nekufamba kwenguva yakasvibisa nyika, kushandura mamiriro ekunze, Pamusoro pekuve chigadzirwa chinosvibisa. zvishoma nezvishoma, kushingirira kwayo mune ecosystems kunoshamisa zvakanyanya nekufamba kwenguva. Nekuda kweizvi, kukosha kwezviito zvedu kunogona kujekeswa, izvo zvinobata chipenyu chose chiri panyika.
Tinovimba kuti chinyorwa ichi chabatsira, tinokusiira vamwe vanozonyatsokufarira:
Zvakanakira uye Zvakaipa zveTransgenic Chikafu