Dzidza zvese nezveBiotechnology, tekinoroji application inoshandisa biology masisitimu uye zvipenyu kugadzira kana kugadzirisa zvigadzirwa. Saizvozvo, isu tinokuratidza ruzivo rwekutanga ruchakubatsira iwe kuziva mashandiro anoita Biotechnology uye mashandisiro ane rudzi urwu rwehunyanzvi muhupenyu hwevanhu.
Chii chinonzi Biotechnology?
Vazhinji vachashamisikachii chinonzi biotechnologyZvakanaka, zviri nyore zvikuru sezvo iri rudzi rworuzivo rwokugadzira zvinhu rwakavakirwa pamitoo yakaoma yamakemikari ine zvinhu zvakasikwa, kubatanidza nheyo dzesainzi yevanhu, iyo inobatsira mhuka iyi muupenyu hwayo hwezuva nezuva. Nenzira imwecheteyo, izvi zvine hukuru hukuru hwekukosha munzvimbo dzakawanda, iri iyo huru yekushandisa kugadzirwa kwemishonga, pamwe nekugadzirwa kwechikafu, chakakodzera kudyiwa uye izvo zvakati zvigadzirwa hazvikonzere kukanganisa kwakanyanya utano.
Saizvozvowo, izwi iri rine chimiro chakasiyana muzita raro, sezvo izwi rekuti "Biotechnology" rinobva mumitsara mitatu yekare yechiGiriki, ichisimbisa mukubatanidzwa kwayo pfungwa yechipiri nezvesainzi huru iyi inoponesa hupenyu zuva nezuva, zvakare Inochengeta nharaunda yakachengeteka uye marudzi evanhu ane hupenyu hwakanakisisa hunobvira. Pfungwa iyi inotsanangura Biotechnology sesainzi yakasarudzika mukudzidza kwehunyanzvi hwesainzi hwechisikigo, uye mhedzisiro inova naidzo pavanhu kuti vararame.
Sainzi yakati inogona kushandiswa kuvandudza kana kushandura genetics yezvipenyu zvakawanda, mhuka nezvirimwa zviri kunyanya kukanganiswa munzvimbo iyi, sezvo zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvinoedzwa pamhuka nezvirimwa, nekuti maererano nenharaunda uye hutano, kuyedzwa kwemakemikari kana biochemicals pamunhu inorambidzwa zvachose. Nekune rimwe divi, zviito izvi zvine zvimwe zvinorambidzwa sezvo mimwe mitemo yekudzivirira mhuka ichishora chero munhu, kuburikidza nekuongorora makemikari, anokuvadza mhuka.
Zvakakosha kuziva kuti izwi iri rakavambwa muna 1919 mubhuku rinonzi "Biotechnology in Meat and Dairy Production", iro rakanyorwa nemukuru wezvekurima wekuHungary anonzi "Károly Ereki", achisimbisa mukunyora misimboti yekutanga yesainzi iyi. , kuitira kuvandudza maitiro anobatanidzwa mukugadzirwa kwezvigadzirwa zvenyama, zvakadai sekuwana mukaka uye zvigadzirwa zvayo. Aya misimboti achiri kushandiswa nhasi, mukuwedzera pakuve nekuchinja kwakawanda mukufarira zvakasikwa.
Muna 1992, nyika dzakawanda dzepasi rose dzakaungana pasi pechibvumirano chekuumba chibvumirano chakakosha, icho chinonzi "Convention on Biological Diversity", chiri kuitwa nekukasira, kuchengetedza marudzi ese anoumba nharaunda dzepasi redu. Pamusoro pezvo, chibvumirano ichi chaive hwaro hukuru hwekusikwa kwemitemo yekuchengetedzwa kwemhuka, uye kumisa kushungurudzwa kwemaindasitiri, aishandisa mhuka dzemhuka nenzira dzinokuvadza kuedza zvigadzirwa zvavo zvese.
Nekune rimwe divi, chibvumirano chinodzikamisa zviito zvakawanda zvinosanganisira kushandurwa kweiyo inozivikanwa "Deoxyribonucleic Acid", inozivikanwawo se "DNA" maererano nekusanganiswa kwemarudzi emhuka nemakemikari nzira, cloning yemhuka kana chero genetic shanduko. , izvo zvinoreva kusanganiswa sekubviswa kwechimwe chikamu mukugadzirwa kweDNA. Saizvozvowo, kushandiswa kwemaasidhi echisikigo senge fusion, aya anorongedzerwa uye anotariswa nechibvumirano, kuitira kuti maitiro aya asakuvadze zvakatipoteredza.
Parizvino, kushandiswa kwebazi iri resainzi kwakajairika, sezvo nekufambira mberi kwetekinoroji zvave zvichigoneka kuona zviitiko zvekuumbwa kwemhuka, izvo zvisina kukuvadzwa kwakachinja kutendeseka kwavo kwemuviri, pfungwa kana genetic, pamwe nekugadzirwa kwemhuka. mishonga, iyo ndiyo mhinduro huru kune zvirwere zvinogona kubata munhu, zvichivadzosera kune hutano hwakakwana. Chekupedzisira, sainzi iyi yakashanda kune mipiro mikuru mukufarira zvisikwa, kuve iyo inonyanya kuzivikanwa inozivikanwa se "Recycling".
Applications
Zvinonyatsozivikanwa munharaunda yesainzi kuti Biotechnology inonyanya kutarisisa kugadzira ecological process nenzira dzekugadzirwa kwemaindasitiri, uye nekudaro inokwanisa kubvisa zvishoma nezvishoma kusvibiswa kwakanganisa zvakanyanya nharaunda yese, pamwe nechikamu. zvekurima, vanobatsirwa nenzira dzakanakisa dzine bazi iri resainzi pakuita magadzirirwo aro. Naizvozvo, kushandiswa kweaya ecological sainzi maitiro anoshanda kuvandudza biorhythm yezvakatipoteredza uye nekudaro kukwanisa kuicheka.
Kune rumwe rutivi, kushandiswa kweBiotechnology kwakashanda kuderedza zvisaririra zvemakemikari munharaunda, izvo zvakaderedza zvakanyanya kukanganisa kwekusvibiswa, nokudaro zvichibatsira kudzoreredza ma biomes akanaka anoumba pasi redu, ayo akakuvadzwa zvakanyanya kubva mukushandiswa. yemakemikari anogadzira kusvibiswa uye kuparadza ozone layer. Muenzaniso wakajeka wekushandiswa kweBiotechnology kushandiswa kwayo mukugadzirwa kwemafuta emhando yemiriwo, iyo yatinoshandisa mukugadzirira kwezvokudya zvakasiyana-siyana.
Biotechnology zvakare ine maapplication ekugadzira simba risingaperi uye pasina kana kukanganisa biorhythm, senge mune genetic mamiriro ezvakatipoteredza, chikuru chiri kushandiswa kwemafotoelectric maseru anozivikanwawo se "Solar Panels", ayo anoburitsa simba risingaperi rinobva mukushandurwa. simba rezuva rinowanikwa nechiedza chezuva musimba remagetsi. Kushandiswa kwerudzi urwu rwemudziyo uri munzvimbo yemaguta nemaindasitiri, ichive chimwe chezvinhu zvikuru uye zvinozivikanwa zvigadzirwa zvakagadzirwa nekushandisa mabhesi eBiotechnology.
Kumwe kushandiswa kwebiotechnology kuri munzvimbo yekurima, yave ichishandiswa kubva kare nemadzitateguru edu, aya ari mvura nemhepo, akatangira emhepo yemhepo, ayo parizvino anozivikanwa sechinyakare kugadzirwa kwebiotechnology, ari kushandiswa kugadzira simba mumataundi maduku, pamwe chete nekubudisa zvokudya zvakaita seupfu. Yakatangira yakavandudza hunhu hwayo, asi basa rayo guru kugadzirwa kwesimba rinogara uye rezvisikwa.
Pamusoro pezvo, Biotechnology yakabatsira pakuonekwa kwezvirwere nekukasira, pamwe nekudzivirira kana kudzikisira kukanganisa kwadzo, uko kune zvimwe zvirwere pane zvipenyu zvevanhu vazhinji pasirese, uku kuve kushandiswa kwebazi iri remakemikari sainzi, seimwe yakakosha kune chokwadi chekubatsira kusimudzira hutano hwakanaka muvanhu. Nekudaro, kushandiswa kwezvigadzirwa zvakagadzirwa neBiotechnology zvine zvikonzero zvemishonga, zvinotariswa sezvo kushandisa kwavo zvakanyanya kuchigona kuunza zvinodhaka zvinokuvadza.
Mhando dzeBiotechnology
Iyi sainzi yakakura yakasanganiswa ine nhevedzano yezvikamu zvinotangwa zvinoenderana nekushandiswa, izvo zvainazvo mukati menzvimbo dzakasiyana dzemusika muzhinji, mukuwedzera kujekesa zvakanyanya maitiro akasiyana-siyana aanoita munharaunda, sekuchengeta zvakafanana. pasi peakakosha canons akatariswa, akadai seakajairwa kana akajairwa hupenyu hwehupenyu. Chikamu ichi chine mapoka makuru matatu, kubva kuhunyanzvi hwebhayoloji hwakanangana nemaitiro ekurapa, kune akasiyana maitiro eecology anoitwa mumaindasitiri ega ega.
Yekutanga yemapoka aya inozivikanwa se "Red Biotechnology", inozivikanwa zvakare pasi pezita re "Medical Biotechnology", idzi bioscientific nzira, matekiniki uye maitiro akanyanya kunangana nekuvandudza maitiro ekugadzira ezvigadzirwa zveindasitiri yemishonga, pamwe nekuvandudza maindasitiri emishonga. maitiro anoitwa muhurongwa hwehutano hweveruzhinji hwematunhu mazhinji epasi. Kuitwa kwayo kwave kuri kumwe kweakanakisa, kuve nemazana emakore akawanda ekushandiswa, uye kuiswa mune izwi rekuti "Biotechnology" mugore ra1918.
Chiito chayo chikuru mumasevhisi ehutano chave chiri chekubatsira kukuru mukuona kwezvirwere zvakawanda kana doping, izvo zvinokanganisa hupenyu hwevanhu vazhinji kana kukonzera kufa kwavo, chimwe chezviitiko zvinoratidzira zverudzi urwu rwetekinoroji, iko kushandiswa uye. kusikwa kweanozivikanwa "Intravenous Contrasts", ane chinangwa chekuona gomarara kuburikidza neropa uye kuwedzera kwechirwere ichi. Uku kuwanikwa kukuru kwebiotechnology kwave kwekubatsira kukuru kwekukurumidza kuonekwa kwechirwere ichi chine hutsinye.
Saizvozvo, nemhando iyi yesainzi yechisikigo zvinokwanisika kugadzira mishonga, senge "Antibiotics", "Antiallergics" uye kunyangwe kugadzira mishonga inozivikanwa se "Retrovirals", iyo inoshandiswa zuva nezuva nevanhu vane chirwere chakakomba che immunodeficiency, zvakadai seAIDS kana HIV. Pamusoro pezvo, kupatsanurwa kweBiotechnology uku kwakabatsira, kwete kuponesa hupenyu hwevanhu chete, asiwo kuchengetedza hupenyu hwemhuka, idzo dzakabatwa nechirwere chinoshungurudza hupenyu hweavo vataurwa pamusoro apa.
Zvizhinji zvezvikuru zvakawanikwa zvekurapa biotechnology yanga iri hwaro hwekutanga mukugadzirwa kweiyo organic immunity vaccine, iyo inogadzirwa kuburikidza nekuchinja kwemajini ehutachiona kana bhakitiriya, iyo inoburitsa chirwere chakati, zvichikwanisika kuve nenguva yakati. mukana mukuru wekusabatwa nechirwere chatakabaiwa. Zvisinei, kushandiswa kwayo hakugoni kuitwa pakarepo, sezvo, maererano nemitemo yehutano yenyika, inofanira kutanga yadzidzwa kuti ishandiswe.
Kuve nedanho rakakura rekuita kupfuura zvambotaurwa, kune inozivikanwa "White Biotechnology" kana "Industrial Biotechnology«, uye sekureva kunoita zita rayo, chinangwa chayo ndechekugadzira mitsva yakakwana yebiological science canons kugadzirwa kweimwe mhando yechigadzirwa, chero maitiro anoitwa asingakuvadzi kuvimbika kwevashandi vemuindasitiri, senge kunaka kwechigadzirwa. zvigadzirwa. Inosimudzira kutengeserana kwechipiri, kuchengetedza kusvibiswa kubva kune mamwe maindasitiri pasi rese kure.
Muenzaniso werudzi urwu rwebiology tekinoroji kugadzirira kwezvinwiwa zvakawanda zvekugadzirwa kwezvinobvamo, izvo zvinofambidzana ne biotechnology kufambira mberi mukurapa, sekugadzirwa kwechikafu chechisikigo chinobva pazviyo, sekugadzirwa kwedoro, zvinwiwa zvine mumera uye mamwe marudzi echikafu chinoda doro pakugadzira. Nenzira imwecheteyo, maitiro aya anodiwa pakugadzira zvigadzirwa zvekuchenesa, izvo zvinoshandiswa kuuraya hutachiona.
Chero nzira iri pasi pekushandiswa kweaya mabiological tekinoroji, yakadzikisa kusvibiswa kwemakambani eindasitiri, pamwe nekushandiswa kwekusvibisa zvigadzirwa zvemakemikari zvinokuvadza kwete nharaunda chete, asiwo hutano hweumwe neumwe wevashandi vezvivakwa zvakati. industrial. Pamusoro pezvo, maindasitiri aya ndiwo anogadzira zvigadzirwa zvakasiyana-siyana zvekuwana simba rakagadzikana, risingakuvadzi zvakatipoteredza mukuriwana, pamwe nekuvandudza kugadzirwa kwezvigadzirwa zvemaindasitiri.
Saizvozvo, mumwe wevamiriri vakuru veBiotechnology yakatarisana neindasitiri yeindasitiri, zvinokwanisika kuiona mukugadzirwa kwezvigadzirwa zvemachira zvechisikigo, izvo, kana zvakasanganiswa nezvinhu zvekugadzira, zvinokwanisika kugadzira machira, shangu kana chero mhando. zvipfeko, zvepamusoro-soro nekupikisa kwepamusoro uye unhu hunovimbisa vashandi vayo vekupedzisira chigadzirwa chakasiyana, chinoshamisira munzira dzose. Kune rimwe divi, rudzi urwu rweBiotechnology nderimwe revavengi vakuru vezvinosvibisa, nekuti rinovaparadza zvakafanana.
Iyo inozivikanwa kwazvo "Plant Biotechnology" inorumbidzwa nenharaunda yesainzi pasirese, sezvo ichibvumira kusikwa kwezvakasiyana zvigadzirwa zvekudya, uchishandisa nzira dzechisikigo dzekuyambuka kwezvirimwa zvinogadzira mhando nyowani dzemiti yakasarudzika, inogona kutove yakakura. kubatsira kupedza nzara munyika. Izvi zvinomera zvinozivikanwa se "Transgenic Plants", zvinova zvinomera zvine hupenyu uye genetic chikamu chakashandurwa nenzira yekuti zviite kuti kugadzirwa kwechirimwa chakasiyana cherudzi rwacho.
Saizvozvo, izvi zvinoshandiswa mukugadzira zvigadzirwa zvekurima, kuvandudza kuwanikwa kwemukaka kubva kumhuka zhinji, vanonyanya kukwikwidza tekinoroji idzi dziri mhuka dzinodya semombe, hwai, nyati, pamwe nekushandisa hunyanzvi uhu mukugadzira. yezvinobva kune yakataurwa mukaka, iyo yakakosha zvakanyanya mukudya kwevanhu. Kune rumwe rutivi, kushandiswa kwayo mukugadzirwa kwezvigadzirwa zvekuputira zvirimwa, uchishandisa zvinhu zvepanyama, zvinobvumira zvigadzirwa zvakawanda kuti zvive zvisina chepfu.
Pamusoro pezvo, nzira idzi dzinobatsirawo kusimbisa marudzi ezvirimwa, ane chipenyu chisina kusimba, achiisa zvirimwa izvi panjodzi kupesana nedzimwe shanduko yemamiriro ekunze kana zvigadzirwa zvechisikigo, izvo zvinogona kukanganisa hupenyu hunobatsira hwechipenyu chakataurwa, sekungouraya kune chirimwa, ichigadzira marwadzo anononoka, ayo anogona kuburitsa zvinosvibisa mumhepo. Muenzaniso wakajeka weizvi ndiko kushandiswa kwefungi uye mosses iyo, nekuda kwezvikamu zvavo zvemakemikari, zvinokwanisika kuchinja genetics yemiti nenzira yakanaka.
Nekune rumwe rutivi, iyo inonzi "Marine Biotechnology" iyo inozivikanwawo se "Blue Biotechnology", inokurudzirwa nekuchengetwa kwemvura yepasi, uye inobvumira kuedza kwesayenzi kuti kuitwe munzvimbo dzakataurwa pasina kuchinja mararamiro avo. , vashandisi vayo vakuru masayendisiti emugungwa uye idzo dzese nyanzvi dzehupenyu hwechisikigo hwenzvimbo dzemvura dzepasi. Nekudaro, zvakakosha kujekesa kuti iyi modhi yeBiotechnology iri mukutanga kusimudzira maitiro nekuda kwekuwanikwa kwayo kwazvino.
Pamusoro pezvo, iyo inonyanya kutariswa yemhando iyi yetekinoroji inofemerwawo nenyaya yekuti nharaunda dzemugungwa, senge chero rudzi rwechitubu chemvura, dzinoramba dziri muhutano hwakakwana uye dzinodzivirira dzakati nharaunda, kuitira kubvumidza kudzidza kwenzvimbo iyi, iyo ichine nzvimbo dzisina kuwanikwa nevanhu, nharaunda idzi dziri nzvimbo dzisinganzwisisike dzine hunhu hwakawanda hwesainzi uye hwechisikigo. Iyi Biotechnology yakanyorwa nemasayendisiti senzira yakasarudzika ine ramangwana rakajeka revanhu vese.
Iyi inotevera Biotechnology hainyatso zivikanwi munyika, asi inoshandiswa zvakanyanya nemasayendisiti makuru anochengetedza nharaunda mumamiriro ayo epakutanga, ichinzi "Grey Biotechnology", iyo inonyanya kutariswa ndeyekufanoona kuti zvisikwa zvakasiyana-siyana zvepasi redu zvinochengetedzwa. , mukuwedzera kukubvumira nzira dzakasiyana dzokudzivisa kutsakatika kwemarudzi akawanda emhuka. Saizvozvowo, inoshandiswa kuchengetedza mhuka idzi muhutano hwakanaka, kubvisa imwe neimwe yezvinosvibisa zvingangove zvine chepfu munyika.
Iyi Biotechnology inofambidzana ne bioremediation, inova ndiyo nzira chete inoshandiswa muhunyanzvi hwebiotechnological, kusimudzira hutano hwemarudzi ari panjodzi kune zvinosvibisa, izvo kune dzimwe mhuka zvinokuvadza zvakanyanya munzira dzakawanda, kunyangwe kwavari zvigadzirwa izvi hazvisi zvisikwa, a chepfu inouraya iyo inogona kugumisa hupenyu hweizvi zvipenyu zvechisikigo munguva yemasekonzi. Kuve iri bazi reBiotechnology, imwe yeakanyanya kukosha kumunhu, pamwe nechena biotechnology uye yezvekurima biotechnology.
Chekupedzisira asi chisiri chidiki, kune Biotechnology yakatarisana nenzvimbo dzedzidzo, inodaidzwa kuti "Orange Biotechnology", imwe yemhando dzeBiotechnology dzakanyanya kukosha kusimudzira bazi iri resainzi muhuduku, nekudaro kugadzira chizvarwa chinotsiva chinoremekedza nharaunda uye inogadzira kufambira mberi kwekurapa, tekinoroji uye kunyangwe simba, pasina kuunza kukanganisa kwezvakatipoteredza. Iine maitiro akawanda ekuranga, ayo anoshanda nemazvo kupa iyi chigaro chakanakisa chedzidzo.
Chimiro chayo chinoitwa zvichibva pakurongeka kwezviitiko zvakasiyana-siyana zvinosanganisirwa mune mamwe marudzi eBiotechnology, uye kusimudzira izvi nenzira inoshanda kukurudzira pfungwa dzechidiki, nokudaro zvichigadzira vanhu vakasiyana-siyana zvichibva mukuremekedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza, sekusimudzira kugara kwavo nekusingaperi. munyika nenzira ine hutano uye izvo hazvipesani netsika netsika. Pamusoro pezvo, ine hurongwa hwemazano mukusimudzira hutano hwevanhu, uye kukosha kwezvirimwa kune vanhu vese.
Bioremediation
Bioremediation ndeimwe yemaitirwo ebiotechnological yakakosha zvikuru, kushandiswa kwayo kuri kunyanya kushandiswa mugrey biotechnology, nekuda kwekubatsira kwayo kune zvakatipoteredza, pamwe nenzira dzekuchengetedza mhuka nezvinomera zvipenyu zvepasi redu. Inosanganisira kucheneswa kwenzvimbo ipi neipi, nokudaro kubvisa chero rudzi rwekusvibisa, uchishandisa chero rudzi rwechisikigo che catalyst element, iyo inobvisa kusvibiswa kwakadai sechepfu, iyo inoita kuti nharaunda isagarike.
Aya masikirwo anokonzeresa anowanzo fungi, mosses kana chero chisikwa chisingaoneki chine hunhu hwekunatsa, senge akasarudzika catabolic kushatisa zvishoma nezvishoma mashandiro ezvehupfu, kudzamara izvi zvakashata zvinokanganisa nharaunda zvabviswa zvachose. Saizvozvo, iyi biotechnological process inoshanda pamwe chete nematanho akasarudzika, ayo anotangwa mukati memicrobiology uye kuita kwayo kuri nyore kwazvo, uye mhedzisiro yaro iri nyore kuona munguva pfupi.
Muenzaniso une mukurumbira wakashata weiyi biotechnological tekiniki kushandiswa kwekabhoni mukucheneswa kwemvura, ichi chiri chinhu chakawanikwa chinowanikwa, chimwe chezvakanakisa biological catalysts kune chero rudzi rwetsvina inowanikwa mumvura, nokudaro ichibvumira kudyiwa kweiyo chete pasina kubata chero hutachiona kana. mabhakitiriya anokuvadza emaruva emudumbu. Mukuwedzera, chero imwe nyika yekunze mumvura yakaenzana kana kuti duku kudarika tsanga yejecha inotorwa nekabhoni, iyo inokurumidza kubvisa zvose zvakasvibiswa zvakasvibiswa.
Bioengineering
Bioengineering ndiyo inofanotungamira yeBiotechnology, sezvo iyi nzira ichangoburwa ichibva kuinjiniya yechinyakare, inoshandisa biological process seyakakosha makemikari maitiro, kuve mai sachigaro weinjiniya yemakemikari, biochemical engineering uye inozivikanwa biomedical engineering, vari inyanzvi dzeiyi sachigaro vanhu. anokwanisa mukushandisa zvinobudirira kweBiotechnology. Iine mavambo akakosha, inotarisa pane zvakakosha mabhesi ekutanga biological sainzi, senge ruzivo mune yekutanga chemistry.
Kushandiswa kwemhando iyi yeinjiniya kwakakosha mumakambani akadai sezvirimwa, sezvo nyanzvi mune iyi hunyanzvi inogona kuona zviri nyore kana nzira dzebiotechnological dziri kuitwa dzichisangana nehunhu hunodiwa kuchengetedza iyo institution pavanenge vachishandira yakamira. . Kushandiswa kwaro kuri kuramba kuchikwira, nekuvapo kwebioengineer kuri kusungirwa, chimwe chinhu chakakosha uye chinosungirwa mukati meindasitiri yekugadzira chikafu, kuve nechokwadi chekuti rairo yakataurwa haiite zvakaipa zvinosvibisa nharaunda.
Nenzira yakafanana, ruzivo pamusoro pebioengineering runobatsira zvikuru, nenzira yokuti hunoita mabasa anokosha mukupedza hosha dzakawanda, sezvo ivava, pamwe chete nenyanzvi munzvimbo dzarabhoretari yezvokurapa, somumativi ose ezvokurapa, vachigona kuwana mishonga yehosha dzakawanda. dzinonzi dzakaoma kurapa kana dzisingarapike, zvichiratidza kukosha kwazvo munzanga. Uye pakupedzisira, nyanzvi idzi dzinogona kupedza kudzidza kubva kumhando mbiri dzakakosha senge biochemistry uye bioinformatics engineering.
Mienzaniso yeBiotechnology
Kune mienzaniso mizhinji, iyo inosimbisa nzira yeBiotechnology yekusimudzira mamiriro akanaka enzvimbo dzechisikigo, sekudzichengeta munzvimbo yakanaka kuti igarwe, pamwe nekuita tsvakiridzo yesainzi, isingakuvadze zvakatipoteredza munyoro, yakakomba uye kunyange isingachinjiki nzira. Mienzaniso iri pachena iri kuwana simba kuburikidza nemvura, mhepo uye kushandiswa kwebiomass yepasi redu, nemhepo, solar uye hydrological simba zviri izvo zvinonyanya kupa simba pasi rose.
Saizvozvowo, kugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvinobvumira maitiro ezuva nezuva munzvimbo yebasa kuti aitwe nekukurumidza uye nemazvo pasina kushandisa chero mudziyo une zvinosvibisa, zvinobatsira Biotechnology uye pasirese. Kugadzirwa kwedoro uye zvinobva pairi, sewaini yekunwa kwevanhu uye kucheneswa kwemakemikari akakosha, ekuchenesa muviri wemunhu, mienzaniso isingachinjiki iyo Biotechnology ine vanhu, ichivabatsira nenzira inobatsira pasina kushandura zviito zvezuva nezuva zvehupenyu hwako. zuva nezuva.
Ukuwo, unyanzvi uhwu hunoshandiswa kubatsira zvirimwa zvakawanda kubereka michero yakawanda, pamwe chete nekuita kuti zvirarame zviri nani, zvisingarwisani nemabhakitiriya kana zvirwere zvinokonzerwa nezvirimwa chete, izvo zvinogona kusiya zvirimwa zvisingakwanisi kubereka kana kubereka. kugadzirwa kwemichero yakaita semaruva, sekungoomesa chirimwa kusvika pakufa. Naizvozvo, indasitiri yezvekurima inogara ichishandisa idzi nzira dzakakosha uye hunyanzvi, nekudaro kudzivirira kurasikirwa kwemari mukuzadzazve zvirimwa uye kucheneswa kwemahekita akadyarwa.
Kubatsirwa
Biotechnology ine akawanda mabhenefiti, kuve rimwe remapazi akanyanya kukosha emakemikari nesainzi yechinyakare nhasi, zvichipihwa kuti pasina iyo, chero indasitiri, yekudyara kana kambani yekugadzira yemhando ipi neipi yekugadzira inogona kukonzera kukuvadza kwakakomba kune nharaunda. Mukana wekutanga weBiotechnology rubatsiro rune sainzi iyi mune zvekurima, zvichibvumira kugadzirwa kwechikafu kuve kwakanyanya uye nekukurumidza, zvichikonzera kushomeka kwezvakatipoteredza, pamwe nekubvumira hutano huri nani mumhando dzese dzechikafu chezvakasikwa.
Chechipiri chakanakira kubviswa kwezvinhu zvinosvibisa zvakatipoteredza zvakaita semagaba emafuta ari mugungwa, ayo anobviswa nekushandiswa kwemamosi uye tupukanana tunobatsira nharaunda dzemugungwa, dzine munyu wakawanda. bvumira kukurumidza kukura kwemamosi anoburitsa makemikari ekuchenesa. Nekune rumwe rutivi, imwe bhenefiti ndeyekushandiswa kwehunyanzvi uhu kugadzira zvigadzirwa zvakakosha, zvinova zvitsva zvinoshandura hupenyu hwemunhu.
payakaipira
Kusaitwa zvakanaka kweBiotechnology kunokuvadza zvakanyanya sezvo masayendisiti mazhinji nhasi asina kunyatsoona nezvebazi iri resainzi yebhayoloji, sezvo nzira dzakawanda dzebiotechnology. biotechnology yemazuva ano vane kupesana kunotyisa, izvo zvinogona kuva njodzi kuvanhu, pamwe chete nemhuka nezvinomera. Saizvozvo, hazvina kunaka kune vamwe vashandi, nekuti kuita kwayo kukuru kunotungamira mukuderedzwa kwevashandi, zvichisiya vanhu vazhinji vasina basa rakanaka.
Chinhu chakanyanya kuipa cheBiotechnology, mutengo wakakura wainawo pakuitwa kwayo, sezvo nzvimbo dzakakura dzichifanira kuwanikwa dzine zvitubu zvemvura zvidiki, pamwe nenharaunda, vakati ivhu rine mahekita anodiwa eprojekiti. , inogara ichienderana neBiotechnology zviyero. Kune rumwe rutivi, pasinei nekuwedzera kugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvakasiyana munguva, kuchengetedza kwemaitiro aya kunosanganisira zvinhu zvakawanda zvinodhura zvakanyanya uye zvakaoma kuwana.
Kuwedzera nenzira iyi, mari yemukati yekambani uye kana ikasabatwa nenguva, kubhuroka kwekambani kunogona kukonzerwa, nekuti, kana vasina simba remari rakakwana, senge capital inogara ichiyerera yehupfumi mari. . Kushata uku kwakaunza matambudziko makuru kune anotangira eBiotechnology, zvichikonzera mhedzisiro yezviedzo zvakati wandei zvekuvandudza hupenyu hwevanhu vese, kunonotsa kufambira mberi kwehunyanzvi kunodiwa kuponesa hupenyu munyika.
Ngozi
Kufanana nechero bazi resainzi, Biotechnology inoisa njodzi kune zvakatipoteredza uye kuhutano, zvichipihwa izvozvo kushandiswa kwebiotechnology zvakanyanyisa, zvinokonzeresa matambudziko mumaitiro ezvirimwa zvakajairika, sekutenderera kwavo kubereka kuburikidza nekukume uye kusikwa kwembeu, iyo inoneteswa nekukumedza kunobudirira, kunetesa zvirimwa, kudzamara zvapera simba kurwisa chero chepfu. Mukuwedzera, inogona kukuvadza hupenyu hwemhuka, maererano nezvipembenene, kuwedzera huwandu hwavo kana kukonzera kufa kwavo.
Nekune rimwe divi, kana Biotechnology ikasaitwa zvine mutsindo, inogona kuunza kuwanda kwemhando dzezvirimwa nekuda kwekuwedzeredza kwezvirimwa, sekugadzira ivhu iro chirongwa chekurima chinosarudzwa kuti chishaye mbereko zvachose. Panyaya yehutano hwevanhu, ine dzakasiyana siyana dzevakadzi vane huwandu hwehutano, hwakadzika kwazvo pasina kukanganisa kwehutano, asi vamiriri vepamoyo vekuPotency zvakanyanya kukuvadza hutano kana zvinhu zvisina kufanira. Zvinodiwa uye zvinoda kudzivirirwa .
Saizvozvowo, zvinogoneka kuti mabhakitiriya uye muchetura zvinotapuriranwa nekusangana zvakananga zvinogadzirwa, izvo kunyangwe zvine chinangwa chazvo chikuru chekufambisa mberi mune zvekurapa, kana dzikasarapwa nemazvo, dzinogona kuve hosha dzakakura, dzakadai sedenda. hupenyu hwevanhu pasi rese. Zvakakosha kujekesa kuti chete nyanzvi dzinoziva kushandisa iyo biotechnology engineering nemazvo, ndivo chete vanokwanisa kuita sainzi iyi nemazvo.
Kufarira kuziva nezve matekinoroji makuru anounzwa neRobotics Technology, kana zvirizvo, ndauya panzvimbo chaipo, tinokukoka noushamwari kuti umire uverenge chinyorwa chedu: robotic tekinoroji.
