Iyo inozivikanwawo se biotic nzvimbo kana bioclimatic landscape, iyo Biomes Iwo iboka rezvipenyu zvinogovana flora, fauna uye mamiriro ekunze, aya ari muchikamu chikuru chepasi. Discover chii chinonzi biomes! Ipapa chete.
Chii chinonzi Biome?
Inodanwa Biome kunharaunda yepasi repasi iro rine kuenzana mukuwedzera kwayo ivhu uye zvakare nemamiriro ekunze ayo, zvinomera zvaro uye hupenyu hwemhuka hunogara munzvimbo idzi; Zvose izvi zvezvipenyu zvinoumba nzvimbo yekuzivikanwa nyore, kuitira kuti unzwisise marudzi ose ehupenyu anogona kuwanikwa munzvimbo idzi.
Tinogona kuona kuti yakananga Biome inogona kupihwa zita nenzira dzakasiyana munzvimbo yairi, zvisinei ichagara yakafanana zvichienderana neiyo biogeographical hunhu, iine zvisingaperi zvipenyu. Zvinofanira kusimbiswa kuti izwi iri harifanire kuvhiringwa nemamwe akafanana neapo senzvimbo, ecoregions kana ecozones.
Kureva kuti, maererano nehunhu hwakakosha hweimwe neimwe bioclimatic landscape, senge hasha, rudzi rwesedimentation, kureba, latitude nemwaka yainopa, imwe neimwe yezvipenyu zviripo papuraneti pasi inogona kutsanangurwa, chete. nekucherechedza kutaurirana kuri pakati pevhu, zvinomera nemhuka, kuzoziva gare gare chimwe nechimwe chazvo.
Iri ibasa rinofanirwa kunyanya kukosha kune nyanzvi mundima iyi dzakadai sevanochengetedza, ecologists uye biologist. Huwandu hwenzvimbo dziripo dzebioclimatic papasi pano hushoma, kusvika parizvino kuvepo kwemabiomes manomwe emvura yemunyu, gumi nemana evhu uye gumi nemana emvura yakachena biomes anozivikanwa.
Mhando dzeBiomes
Kune marudzi akati wandei emabiomes uye imwe neimwe ine boka rehunhu hwakasiyana hunoasiyanisa kubva kune mamwe, kunyangwe iwo ese achipindirana nehumwe hunhu hwawo, senge; miganhu yenzvimbo, shanduko yemamiriro ekunze, zvirimwa nemhuka zvinoenderana nemamiriro ekunze mazviri.
Mhando dzacho ndeidzi:
- Marine Biomes: Ndidzo dzinowanikwa mumvura dzine munyu, mu Makungwa nemakungwa uye pamhenderekedzo dzemakondinendi.
- Freshwater Biomes: Ndidzo dziri munzizi, madziva nedzimwe nzvimbo dzine mvura yakachena.
- Nzvimbo dzepasi: Ndidzo dziri munzvimbo huru, angave makomo, mapani kana nzvimbo dzerenje chero rudzi.
Mienzaniso yeBiomes
Mimwe mienzaniso uye maitiro emabiomes:
Nhanho
Iyo inzvimbo yebiotic ine mvura shoma inonaya, nharaunda yayo yakati sandara nezvinomera zvemiti nemakwenzi, izvi zviri kure negungwa. Vane sediments yakapfuma mumamineral uye nekusiyana kwekutonhora nekupisa, izvi zvine zvinhu zvishoma zveorganic saka hazvibereki.
Ivo vanoonekwa serenje uko kunotonhora zvakanyanya uye vane nhamba huru yematombo, mamwe ari muPatagonia yeArgentina, nhanho dzeAsia, North America uye nzvimbo yakakwirira yePunta Andina muChile.
Magwenga
Iyo yakaoma zvachose, ine mvura shoma shoma uye mhuka dzayo ndeye xerophytic, mune isingawanzo kuitika kuti iripo. Mamwe anodziya, seanowanwa kuNorth Africa, ndiko kuti, gwenga reSahara, uye mamwe ane chando kana kuti polar, kufanana nechakaitika chebani reAntarctica chakaoma nechando, chinotonhora zvikuru zvokuti hakuna mvura inoyerera.
Iyo sediment mune idzi ine matombo, jecha uye ine chando, chikamu chimwe muzvitatu chepasi chine mhando iyi. biomes, zvinoreva kuti nzvimbo inosvika mamiriyoni makumi mashanu emakiromita uye inenge 50% inodziya uye imwe yose inotonhora.
Tundra
Rudzi urwu rwe biomes vane mamiriro ekunze anotonhora uye nechando sediments, iyo flora yakaderera, hunhu hwenzvimbo dzepolar, inotora chikamu cheshanu chepasi. Mhuka dzakatekeshera munzvimbo idzi inda nemosses, madhamu ane machakwi uye ane mabhomba akawanda.
Izvi zvinogona kuwanikwa muCanada, Alaska, Siberia neGreenland, pamwe chete nechokumaodzanyemba kweArgentina neChile, nyika dzine tembiricha dzinotonhora dzisingapfuuri madhigirii gumi uye mwaka wezhizha ipfupi, dzimwe nguva pasi panooma .
Sango rinonaya mvura
Vanowanikwa munharaunda yeEcuador, musango reAmazon kuSouth America, muCongo Jungle muAfrica, muAsia neOceania. Ndiwo akanyanya kuwanda pasi pano, maruva ayo akareba, ane matanda uye ane mashizha, zvinoreva kuti sediment yaro yakanyorova uye yakaorera, ine Kunaya kwemvura umo mvura inonaya yakawanda zvikuru mukati megore uye tembiricha inodziya zvikuru, vanoshaya mwaka wechando.
Idzo inzvimbo huru yekusiyana-siyana kwezvinhu zvipenyu pasi pano, sezvo vaine 40% yemarudzi ese anozivikanwa mumutsara usingasviki 7% yepasi.
Meadow
Iyi bioclimatic landscape ine mvura shoma inonaya, ingangoita 300 kusvika 1500 mm pagore, ine zvinomera zvakakura zvemakwenzi uye nechando uswa umo musina sango, zvisinei, iwo haasi magwenga.
Sediment yaro yakaorera zvikuru uye ine zvidimbu zvakawanda, izvo zvinoita kuti maruva ave nehupenyu hupfupi, akakodzera kukura zvirimwa zvekudya nezhizha rinopisa uye kutonhora kwechando, izvo zvinofananidzira pampas yeArgentina nedzimwe nyika dzeNorth America.
Taiga
Iyi inonziwo boreal sango, iyi bioclimatic landscape ndiyo yakakura sango rekuchengetedza pasirese yepasi, ine chete marefu maconiferi uye mashizha awo anogara akasvibira, semapaini, firs, maple, fauna yayo inodya uye yakawanda kwazvo. Idzi dziri munzvimbo dzekuchamhembe chete: European Russia, Siberia, Canada neAlaska, chete munyika idzi tinogona kuvawana.