Dzidza kuburikidza nechinyorwa ichi chinonakidza zvese nezve Biography yaMario Benedetti, munyori, mudetembi, uye munyori wemitambo, pamwe chete nebasa reunyanzvi.
Biography yaMario Benedetti
Mario Orlando Hardy Hamlet Brenno Benedetti Farrugia, munyori, mudetembi, munyori wemitambo uye mutori wenhau. MuBiography yaMario Bendetti anotsanangura kuti munyori akazvarwa muUruguayan Capital City yedhipatimendi risingazivikanwe reTacuarembó, munaGunyana 14, 1920.
Ndiye mwanakomana wedangwe waBrenno Benedetti naMatilde Farrugia, avo, vakanamatira kutsika dzavo dzeItaly, vakamubhabhatidza nemazita mashanu emhuri.
Uduku
Muna 1928, Benedetti akatanga zvidzidzo zvake zvekutanga paColegio Alemán uye paLiceo Miranda, zvidzidzo zvake zvechipiri zvakakanganiswa nekuda kwezvinetso zvehupfumi.
Ava nemakore gumi nemana, akatanga kushanda paWill Smith, SA Automobile Parts Company, kwaaishanda munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzakadai se: mutengesi, cashier, stenographer, accountant. Muna 14 aive munyori kumukuru wechikoro cheRaumsolica, nokudaro achigadzira chikamu chikuru chemhuri yake. Akabva atamira kuBuenos Aires, Argentina kwaakaendawo munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dzebasa, asi pamusoro pezvose akawana chido chake chikuru chenhetembo.
Trajectory
Muna 1941 akadzokera kuMontevideo uye achangowana nzvimbo muGeneral Accounting Office yeNyika kubva 1945 kusvika 1974. Akanga ari chikamu chemusangano weMarcha semupepeti, umo akaita hurukuro inofadza yekufungisisa uye kuongorora kukuru mutsika. River Plate, kuburikidza nekusimudzira zvizvarwa zvitatu zvevanhu vane ruzivo rwemhando iyi yekunyora, uko Benedetti aizotora nhungamiro semutungamiriri muna 1954.
Benedetti aive nhengo yeGeneration ye45, pamwe neIdea Vilariño naJuan Carlos Onetti pakati pevamwe.
Musi waKurume 23, 1946, akaroora mudiwa wehupenyu hwake, Luz López Alegre waaiziva kubva paudiki, muchiito chimwechete chaakaburitsa yake yekutanga. Bhuku reNhetembo The Idelible Eve .
Zvinyorwa zvaro zvekunyora zvakaunganidza mabhuku anopfuura makumi masere, mazhinji acho akashandurirwa mumitauro inopfuura makumi maviri. Mune zviri mukati mekuda kwake, akagadzira Nheyo yaizotakura zita rake "Mario Benedetti" kuchengetedza zvisikwa zvake uye kupa rutsigiro kumhando yezvinyorwa uye kurevererwa kwekodzero dzevanhu.
Basa rake
Akabatana nechikwata chekunyora chemusangano wekufamba muna 1945, umo wakagara kusvika 1974, gore iro rakavharwa nemutemo waJuan María Bordaberry, aive gavhuna. Muna 1954 akagadzwa kuva mutungamiriri wemabhuku akati vhiki nevhiki.
Kudhindisa kwake kwekutanga kwebhuku renhetembo, The Indelible Eve, akatsigirwa nemari nezvinhu zvake pachake, kusanganisira kupepeta uye kudhinda, uye makopi 500 chete akadhindwa muna 1945.
Chinyorwa chekutanga
Paakadzokera kuMontevideo, muna 1948 akatora hutungamiri hwemagazini yezvinyorwa marginalia uye chinyorwa chake chokutanga chinoberekwa adventure uye novel (1948), uye akapedza bhuku rake rokutanga rengano pfupi rine musoro unoti Mangwanani ano (1949), iyo yaakapihwa Mubairo weBazi reMirayiridzo Yeruzhinji. Zvakakosha kuratidza kuti Mario Benedetti akadzokororwa achizivikanwa nemubairo wambotaurwa.
Iye zvakare anotenderwa senhengo yeEditorial Board yemagazini Nhamba mugore ra1950; iri riri rimwe remagazini anokosha epanguva iyoyo. Akanyatsobatana nesangano rekurwisa Chibvumirano Chemauto muUnited States uye kutungamira kwake mukati mesangano kwaive kufambisa nhetembo dze (1950), dzakadhindwa neimwe yemagazini ainyanya kukosha panguva iyoyo.
Ruzivo rwake rwekutanga
Novel rake rekutanga rakanzi ndiani wedu uye inoonekwa muna 1953, kunyangwe izvi zvakagamuchirwa nevatsoropodzi, hazvina kubudirira zvakatarisirwa sezvo zvisina kucherechedzwa pakati pevanhu uye zvakafanira kumirira nyaya yehuwandu hwengano. Montevideons (1959), umo Benedetti anosuma zvinhu zvitsva zverondedzero.
Nemaitiro matsva aya kana dhizaini rinotevera riine musoro unoti «Chokwadi" (1960). Raiva iri basa rekupedzisira, iro rakamutsvenesa zvechokwadi uye raive kutanga kweratidziro yake yenyika. Iri bhuku raive neanopfuura zana editions, rakashandurirwa mumitauro gumi nepfumbamwe uye rakaitwa mumabhaisikopo, theatre, redhiyo uye terevhizheni, izvo zvinofambirana nekuzivikanwa kuri kukura kwaBenedetti semudetembi, chimwe chebudiriro yake inonyanyozivikanwa kuve yake. nhetembo dzehofisi (1956).
Mario Benedetti haana kungozivikanwa nekushanda panhetembo, nyaya kana zvinyorwa. Muna 1964 akashanda semutsoropodzi wetheater uye co-director wevhiki nevhiki rekunyora peji rebepanhau. Mangwanani.
Munyori aive mubatsiri wehumorist mumagazini yePeloduro, uye aizivikanwa nezita remadunhurirwa rekuti "Damocles". Panguva ino, basa raBenedetti raizivikanwa zvakanyanya nekuda kwekuve nepfungwa dzakakomba kune cinema mukati The People's Tribune, anoenda kuCuba kumusangano wetsika weHavana nemharidzo "Ukama pakati pemurume wekuita uye ane njere", iyi mharidzo yakamupa musuwo weBhodi reVakuru veCasa de las Américas, muna 1968.
Anogadzira uye anotungamira nzvimbo yekutsvagisa yeCasa de las Américas, kwaakashanda kusvika 1971. Akabva aenda kuMexico kunotora chikamu mu II Latin American Congress of Writers.
Mune biography yaMario Bendetti, kubatanidzwa kwake muCultural Congress yeHavana kunomira pachena nemharidzo "Pahukama pakati pemurume wekuita uye akangwara" uye akazova nhengo yeBhodi reVakuru veCasa de las Américas. Muna 1968, akatanga uye akatungamirira Research Center mabhuku edzimba dzeCasa de las Américas, chinzvimbo chaaizobata kusvika 1971.
Zvematongerwo enyika Data
Mario Benedetti muna 1971, pamwe neboka revagari vepedyo neNational sununguko bato - Tupamaro, akatanga Movement of Independents munaKurume 26, boka rekuruboshwe reBroad Front, uko munyori aive chikamu che Executive Board, kusvika. gore ra1973; zvisinei, kwegore iroro sangano iri rakadzongonyedza mabasa aro nemhaka yekupandukira hurumende kwakavamba udzvanyiriri hwemauto munyika.
Semugumisiro we coup d'état yaJune 27, 1973, akasarudza kusiya chinzvimbo chake payunivhesiti uye nekuda kwekusawirirana kwezvematongerwo enyika aifanira kubva kuUruguay, izvo zvakaita kuti agare muArgentina, Peru, Cuba neSpain.
Mumwedzi mishanu yose yaakagara muUnited States uye maererano nemafungiro ake ezvematongerwo enyika, ayo aipesana nekunyanya kuda pfuma, rusaruraganda, kusaenzana uye rusarura rwemagariro evanhu, akapinda muboka revanhu vane njere dzine chokuita neCuban Revolution.
Nekuda kwezvose izvi anonyora chinyorwa chake chekutanga chinonzi Nyika yemuswe weshanga (1960). Kubva ipapo ave achishingaira mune zvematongerwo enyika.
Chimwe chinhu chakakosha munhandare yezvematongerwo enyika ndechekuti anotungamira Movement of the Independents yaKurume 26, iyo inozobatanidza Broad Front seimwe nzira kumapato echinyakare: Blanco neColorado.
Kubva pamaonero emagariro evanhu, nhoroondo yehupenyu hwaMario Benedetti inoratidza kutora chikamu kwemunyori muII Latin American Congress yeVanyori, kwaaive nhengo yeBoard of Directors yeCasa de las Américas muHavana. Ikoko akasika uye akatungamirira Center for Literary Research kusvikira 1971, paakaratidza mabhuku akadai «Thanks for the fire, 1965», «Juan Ángel's birthday, 1971», «Emergency letters, 1973», «La house and brick, 1977, "Zuva nezuva, 1979".
Pashure peaya makore marefu aaigara ndokunyora ari muutapwa nomudzimai wake, uyo aifanira kugara muUruguay kuti atarisire vanamai vavo. Benedetti akadzokera kunyika yake muna March 1983, achibatana nemagazini itsva yeBrecha seNhengo yeEditorial Board, achikwanisa kupa kuenderera mberi kune yakavhiringidzwa Marcha chirongwa.
Anoenderera mberi nekunyora nekuwedzera basa renhetembo refu nemabasa anotevera: Ndangariro Dzakakanganwa, 1988, Mhepo Yekudzingwa, 1981 Chitubu chine Broken Corner, 1982, The Solitudes of Babel, 1991, Random Questions (1986), The World I Breathe ( 2001), Insomnia uye dozes (2002), Remangwana rekare rangu (2003), Kwaziwai uye kugamuchirwa (2005), Zvipupurire pachako (2008).
Zvisinei, mumakore achangopfuura hutano hwemunyori uyu hwakakanganiswa uye akaiswa muchipatara kakawanda. Musi waChivabvu 17, 2009, akafira kumba kwake kuMontevideo, aine makore makumi masere nemasere.
Sechikamu chenhaka yekunyora, nhetembo uye rondedzero yaMario Benedetti, icho chaive chinhu chekucherechedzwa kwakakosha uye mibairo, iro basa guru rekunyora rakanzi La tregua rinomira pachena. Mundima yenhetembo, mabasa akadai se: Tactics uye zano, Inventory, Chapupu chako pachako kana Mhepo yekudzingwa inomira pachena, pakati pezvimwe.
Kana iwe uri anoda kuverenga uye kunyura muiyo biography yevanyori vemabasa makuru akadai seKuverenga kweMonte Cristo uye Vatatu Musketeers, tinokukoka iwe kuti uverenge Nhoroondo yeAlexander Dumas Biography
Tevere tichatora mune ino inonakidza chinyorwa kubva kubiography yemutori wenhau, munyori, munyori wemitambo uye munyori Mario Benedetti pfungwa yakakosha uye pfupi:
¨ Usakanda mapfumo pasi, ndapota usakanda mapfumo pasi, kunyangwe chando chikapisa, kunyangwe zuva rikahwanda, mhepo ikanyarara, moto uripo mumweya wako, kune hupenyu huri muhope dzako.
Mario Benedetti akamira kunze munhetembo. Pazasi tinopa zvinotevera zvinonzwika zvinoonekwa zvinobata dzimwe nhetembo nemunyori, mudetembi, munyori, munyori werondedzero uye munyori wenganonyorwa.
Kugumisa iyi inonakidza biography yemutori wenhau, munyori wemitambo, munyori, uye munyori Mario Benedetti, tinokusiya iwe kuti utende mune yaro rimwe remabasa akanyanya kudarika airatidza hupenyu hwekunyora hwemunhu uyu, seChokwadi….
Ongororo Yechokwadi
La Truce inyaya yaMartín Santomé, murume akafirwa ane makore makumi mashanu okukura anoshuvira zvakanyanya kuenda pamudyandigere uye fungidziro, nekumwe kusazvibata, nguva ichauya nguva yekuzorora, kurarama pasina kunetseka nezvebasa, uye. zvinoreva kuti, nguva isingakundike yaJehovha uye magumo enguva akasimba uye akasimba pamuviri wake.
Zvinonzi murume akafirwa, asi ane vana vatatu, vaasina hukama hwakanaka naye kunze kwaBlanca, mwanasikana wake. hupenyu hwake hunoumbwa nemuitiro unooneka, wekusangana, wekufungisisa, umo zvinogona kutaurwa kuti chitarisiko chake chinosuruvarisa uye chakazvipira kumuitiro.
Hupenyu hwake hunozununguswa nemadiki emagetsi anoratidzika sechiratidzo cherudo muna Laura Avellaneda, mukadzi wechidiki achangosvika pakambani yaanoshanda uye ndiye sahwira wake. Vanotanga nyaya yerudo, mupfungwa yakadzama yeshoko racho, uye umo vanoratidza mufaro uripo.
Zvataurwa pamusoro apa itsanangudzo pfupi yezviri mubhuku apo munyori anobata misoro yakaita senguva, hukama nezvakaitika kare, hukama nerufu, nemabhindauko uye zvakaipa zvakaitika murudo nemagariro.
Zvinhu zvakakwevera ngwariro kuuchokwadi hwevatambi, zvikurukuru Martín, uyo anozviratidzira amene somunhu akatendeseka, anozvininipisa, akatendeseka, akazadzwa nokusuwa kunopesana norudo rwomukadzi muduku akaisvonaka.