Unoziva here hunhu hwemhuka dzinoyemurika zvakanyanya panyika? Mumukana uno tinokupa zvese zvine chekuita nehunhu hwe shiri Raptors, tinokukoka iwe kuti uverenge chinyorwa ichi kuitira kuti iwe uone kuti shiri idzi dzakasarudzika sei. Dzidza nezvemhando dzavo uye nezvimwe pano.
Chii chinonzi shiri?
Tisati tatanga kuputsa musoro wedu wepakati maererano neshiri dzemhuka, tinofanira kuve neruzivo rweimwe data inotibatsira kuti tizviwane mundege yemabviro evana veboka remhuka rinonzi shiri.
Shiri, kudivi radzo, dzinobva pazvinokambaira, idzi dzinoonekwa nekuve neminhenga inozobva pazvikwambo, dzine moyo une ventricle ine makamuri maviri, uye uropi hukuru kupfuura hwezvinokambaira. Vane zvakare bhonzo repachipfuva refu iro rinonzi rakabatana nemamhasuru anoshandiswa kubhururuka "nyama chena". Shiri dzose pakutanga dzakanga dzakashongedzerwa kubhururuka, kunyange zvazvo dzimwe dzakafanana nemhou dzakashanduka-shanduka kubva pamararamiro iwayo.
Shiri dzine ropa rinodziya, amphibians uye zvinokambaira zvinotonhora-neropa, ndiko kuti, kupisa kwemuviri wavo kunoenderana nekupisa kwemhepo yakavapoteredza. Ndosaka nyoka nematatya vachifumoita nungo, saka vachifarira kutandara nezuva. Shiri, kune rumwe rutivi, dzine metabolism inochengetedza kupisa kwemuviri nguva dzose.
Chii chinonzi shiri dzinodya nyama?
Shiri dzinodya nyama, kana dzinonziwo shiri dzinodya, ndidzo shiri hombe uye dzakakura kwazvo dzerudzi rwemhuka, dzinozivikanwa seboka rakasiyana uye rakakura rezvipenyu zvine hunhu hwakafanana hwekuve dzinodya nyama. Izvo zvinonzi raptor iri kwavari.
Ndeapi maitiro makuru eshiri dzinodya?
Mune chero ecosystem kune kuvepo kweshiri, idzi mhuka dzinoshamisa dzine hunhu hwakanyatso ratidza hunodzitsanangura zvakanyanya. Iyo morphology yeshiri inomiririrwa ne phenotype iyo inoratidzirwa nemuromo wakasimba kwazvo, iyo inobvumira kuti iite hukuru hukuru hunoshanda pakudyisa uye kuita rudimentary mabasa.
Pamusoro pezvo, nzwara dzavo chinhu chatisingatadze kutaura, icho chavanoshandisa nenzira yakasiana-siana yezviitwa zvakasiyana zvekupona nekuvhima. Mukuwedzera pakuvabvumira kumira uye kumira.
Muviri wayo unofungidzirwa kuti wakareba, mukusiyana nemusoro wayo, uyo unowanzove muduku. Chimwe chezvimiro zvayo zvekusimbisa maziso ayo. Shiri dzine maziso makuru, mhuka yerudzi urwu, sevanhu, ine ziso rakaomarara, zvidzidzo zvesainzi zvakaratidza kuti shiri dzinokwanisawo kuona nekuona mavara.
Shiri dzinodya nyama dzinodyei?
Shiri dzinodya nyama dzinowana kunakirwa mukuravira mhuka mhenyu. Tichifunga kuti hapana muganhu kwavari vemarudzi kuti vaedze uye vagutse zvavanoda zvinokosha zvakadai sokudyisa. Kazhinji, zvichienderana nekusarudzwa kweshiri, dzinowanzotora mhuka duku. Chero bedzi shiri dzacho dzine hombe uye ukuru hwakati kuti segondo, mhuka yarinosarudza inenge yakakura zvikuru.
Tichifunga kuti hukuru hwayo hunoifarira neimwe nzira kubva pakukura kwayo, ine mikana mikuru yekuvhima mhuka huru. Nemhaka yenzwara dzayo dzinoorora, inokwanisa kubvambura mhuka yayo, kubvambura nyama yayo nemuromo unoyevedza unoibatsira kugura-gura. Shiri yerudzi urwu inowanzobhururuka Moutains.
mapoka eshiri dzinodya nyama
Kutenda kune mamwe maitiro ane mukurumbira wakashata, shiri dzinoiswa mumapoka maviri anobvumira kuti dzive nyore kusiyaniswa, mapoka aya akaongororwa nesainzi, nekuda kweshiri dzinoratidza maitiro akajeka kwazvo, izvo zvakabvumira ruzivo rwekutora pfungwa mune izvo. boka ravapo. isai shiri imwe neimwe, musingafambire mberi, mozoziva kuti ndeapi mapoka aya atinotaura:
shiri dzinodya nyama usiku
Iri boka reshiri rinoratidzwa nekugadzira modhi uye mararamiro anovaendesa kuti vawane chiyero chakakura uye kubatana nehusiku nerima. Mhuka dziri muboka reshiri dzakaoma dzinozivikanwa sezizi, sezizi dzinoonekwawo nekuve shiri yeusiku iyo iri mukati meboka retitonidae.
Vane kubatana kukuru uye kugutsikana kwekupedza husiku muhukuru hwehusiku. Nezve maumbirwo adzo, shiri idzi dzine muromo mupfupi uye wakatenderera, idi rinodzibvumira kuwana hunyanzvi hukuru pakuita kuvhima, dzichikurumidza kuvhima mhuka dzadzo. Shiri idzi dzinoitika kuti dzinonzwisisa uye dzinonzwa kana zvasvika kune chero kufamba.
shiri dzinodya nyama
Kusiyana neshiri dzehusiku, mhando dzeshiri idzi dzinotsanangurwa nekuve uye nekuve nekusiyana kukuru kunoita kuti dzisasiyane zvachose neshiri dzambotaurwa. Izvi nekuda kwehuwandu hweshiri dzinounzwa mumunda we diurnal shiri. Imwe yeshiri dzinonyanya kuzivikanwa pasi rose, uye zvakare inoshamisa uye inoyevedza, igondo, iro rinomiririra mhando yeshiri inogona kuvhima, inogara mune chero mhando yezvisikwa.
Nehuwandu hwehuwandu hwehuwandu, shiri dzinonzi diurnal dzinosarudzwa necrophagous shiri, izwi iri rinoreva kuti shiri dzinowanzodya kune vanochera, uye kuti ivo havadi kubvisa mhuka kuti vadye pairi. Panguva ino tiri kutaura nezveshiri dzakaita semagora kana makondori.
Iri boka reshiri rakasiyana-siyana pane dzeusiku. Pakati peshiri dzinodya zuva nezuva, ndidzo dzinowanzozivikanwa zvikuru, dzinozivikanwa semakondo, idzo shiri dzinovhima dzine hukuru hukuru uye dzinowanzogara muzvisikwa zvose, kana falcon uye kestrels, idzo dziri pakati peshiri dzinokurumidza zvikuru.
mhando dzeshiri dzinodya
Sezvatinoziva, shiri dzinomiririra uye dzinoumba nhamba huru yemarudzi akasiyana-siyana anoita hupenyu munyika yose, muzvikamu zvinotevera iwe uchawana runyoro rwemhando dzeshiri dzinodya dziripo, pakati pavo tinowana zvinotevera:
Gondo Rendarama
Ndiyo imwe yeshiri ine nzvimbo yakakura papasi, inogara zvisingaverengeki ecosystems, yatinogona kuwana yakagoverwa munyika dzinotevera:
- Mekisiko
- United States
- Panyika yeAsia inogara muJapan
- Panyika yeEurope kunyanya muCentral Europe
Kunyangwe zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti makondo egoridhe akadzikisa nzvimbo yavo mukondinendi iyoyo nekuda kwemaitiro evanhu uye maindasitiri ekuita izvo zvinowedzera kukanganisa ecosystem. Imwe mhando yegondo inozivikanwa zvikuru igondo reharpy, iro rinogona kuwanikwawo mukati Ecosystems yeMexico.
Royal Owl
Inogoverwa muhuwandu hukuru muAsia kondinendi, zvakare ichiwana kuvepo kwayo uye inogara Africa kondinendi uyezve European. Iwo anoratidzirwa nehukuru hukuru, iwo mazizi makuru. Ivowo vanowanzorerwa vari muutapwa.
gora
Kufanana nezizi, gora rinozivikanwa seshiri ine hukuru hwemuviri, iri kuAfrica continent, ichibhururuka muhukuru hwesavannah nemamiriro ayo, pamwero we morphological shiri ine yakasarudzika, inoshaya. minhenga inoifukidza, muromo wayo wakasiyana zvachose neyemamwe marudzi emagora.
Tichifunga kuti mhuka iyi ine muromo une simba kwazvo, unoyera masendimita gumi nemaviri, chiridzwa ichi chinopa shiri mukana mukuru kana zvasvika pakuvhima nekudya mhuka yayo, kutyora uye kupinda mukati memuviri wemhuka, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore ivo nzira yekudyisa mhuka dzakafa.
common sparrowhawk
Ndiyo imwe yeshiri diki diki dzinodya nyama, dzinowanzo kuwanikwa pamusoro penzvimbo yakakura yenzvimbo, kunyanya pakati pemakondinendi maviri, kubva kuEurope kuenda kuJapan tinogona kuwana inogara shiri iyi. Ishiri yakakosha chose, nekuda kwehunhu hwayo uye minhenga, inowana minhenga yegrey ine mamwe maratidziro ebhuruu ayo anozobatana mumutsara wakatetepa weorenji.
Peregrine falcon
Hapana chakananga cherudzi urwu rweshiri yatingataura senzvimbo inogara. Tichifunga kuti nzvimbo yayo nenzvimbo inotambanuka zvakanyanya pasirese. Inofungidzirwa kuti ndiyo inonyanya kuzivikanwa kirasi kana boka reshiri.
Vanopa hunhu hunokatyamadza, kana vasvika pakukura vanowanzochinja phenotype yavo, panguva ino vanogadzira minhenga munzvimbo yemusana yavo inoshanduka grey nekubata kwebhuruu, ichisvika kumusoro (musoro) weruvara dema. .
Pamusoro peaya maitiro ataurwa, Falcon inoonekwa seshiri inokurumidza uye inomhanyisa papasi. Kune chikamu chayo, zvinoshamisa, vakadzi vemhando iyi vanowanzova vakakura kudarika varume, izvi mumhando inowanzonzi hongu, iyo inowanzofudza zvipembenene uye zvimwe zvipembenene zvakaenzana.
European owlet
Iyo shiri inodya nyama iri munharaunda yeAfrica, pamwe nenzvimbo yeEurope, inomira zvakanyanya nemeso ayo eyero, pamwe nekuve neruvara rweruvara rweruvara rwemapayi, inoperekedzwa nemimvuri michena. Ishiri inoyera kureba 22 kusvika 26 centimeters.
zizi
Ishiri inowanzogara munzvimbo dzine minda mikuru uye nzvimbo dzakasvibira, uyewo muminda yemizambiringa kana nzvimbo dzinorimwa zvakanyanya. Iyi shiri inozivikanwa kwazvo inoita kuvepo uye inowanikwa mumakondinendi mashanu. Humwe hunhu hwatinogona kuratidza pamusoro payo kugona kukuru kwekunzwa kunotsanangura. Icho chikamu cheshiri dzinoiswa mumhando yeusiku kana chimiro.
common kestrel
Ishiri ine hunhu hwakareruka uye hune mwero, ine musoro une minhenga yebrown, mapapiro ayo ane minhenga yakanaka kwazvo inosanganisa mimvuri yeorange, tsvuku, coppery uye yero. Nzvimbo yaro inogadzirwa zvakanyanya mumakondinendi, Asia, Africa neEurope.
common goshawk
Ishiri ine masitaera eminhenga inorerekera kumumvuri wetema, ine dumbu rine minhenga michena ine mamwe mabhandi akasviba, maitiro ayo emapapiro anowanzoita mapfupi, izvo zvinoita kuti ibhururuke uye ifambe zviri nyore. kubhururuka kwayo kunokwira kumatunhu akapihwa Moutains pamwe chete nemasango ane miti yakawanda.
Andes condor
Ndiyo imwe yeshiri dzakasiyana uye dzakasiyana-siyana dzinowanzozivikanwa nekukurumidza sezvo chimwe chezvimiro zvayo zvakanyanya kushaikwa kweminhenga pamusoro wayo. Sekuda kuziva, ruvara rwainarwo munzvimbo iyi yekumusoro rwakatsvuka, kunyangwe kazhinji rusina ruvara rwakagadzika, sezvo ruchiwanzo siyana zvichienderana nemamiriro epfungwa ayo shiri inozviratidza panguva dzakasiyana.
Ishiri ine saizi yeavhareji, nzvimbo yayo iri pakati peEurope neSouth America. Kunyanya mumakomo eAndes.
Buzzard
Ishiri inogona kuwanikwa pakati peEurope, minhenga yayo inoshanduka pakati pemavara maviri ebrown, uye mimwe mibvudzi yeminhenga michena, inowanzogara munzvimbo dzine mafuro makuru.
Osprey
Shiri yerudzi urwu igora risina hunhu hwakafanana nemamwe marudzi emagora ataurwa pamusoro apa. Zita rainaro rinoreva zviito zvainoita pakudyisa. Kuve nekukwanisa kusimudza mapfupa, uye mamwe magumo ane maitiro akaoma, ayo anorova matombo kana mapavements kuitira kuti apwanye uye kudya zvinogutsa paari.
Iri parizvino rimwe remapoka eshiri ari munjodzi yekutsakatika mukondinendi yeEurope, asi kuvepo kwayo kunogona kuvimbiswa mune mamwe matunhu kana nzvimbo, seAfrica.
Kuredza gondo
Shiri yepakati nepakati, iyo, sezizi, inowanikwa mumakondinendi akawanda.
mazita eshiri dzinodya nyama
- gondo rine mavara
- magellanic owl
- Cape owl
- California condor
- gondo rakashinga
- zizi rine nzeve pfupi
- Little kana Alpine Owl
- zizi rine mitsetse
- malagasy kestrel
- zizi remalayan eagle
- ashen owl
- gondo guru
- african falcon
- Kazizi
- pomeranian eagle
- zizi remukaka
- plain cotton
- australian falcon
- zizi rinoonekwa
- jungle aura
- zizi guru rine nyanga
- taita falcon
- griffon gora
- California condor
- Harpy gondo
- Zizi reMoorish
- bat falcon
- pangal eagle owl
- saker falcon
- American vulture
- Gondo reCape
Aya anomiririra mamwe emazita eshiri dziripo pasi rose ecosystem akagoverwa pakati pemakondinendi mashanu. Tichifunga kuti, sezvatakambotaura, shiri hadzina kuiswa muboka retaxonomic, dzinoiswa mumapoka maererano nemhando dzeshiri dziripo.
Shiri dzinoumba huwandu hwemarudzi, imwe neimwe iine maitiro chaiwo zvichienderana neboka reshiri kwadziri. Mukuwanda kwezvavanomiririra, vanozadza chikamu chikuru chepasi nekuvapo kwavo, pasina kupokana imhuka dzakasiyana-siyana uye dzakawanda.