La asexual reproduction in animals, is a subject that few people handle since they do not see how it is possible for an animal to multiply without the action of a reproductive system, nor the action of mating, we invite you to continue reading so that you know how this multiplication of species is can be done this way.
What is asexual reproduction in animals?
Procreation is essential among all living beings, this is the third necessary function for beings both on land and in the ocean. In the event that reproduction did not exist, there would be no species on the planet, because they would all have disappeared, they would be condemned to death, however, there are species that do not need genders, that is, there is no need for a male or female. female to be able to perform the sexual act or so that they understand it much better, to be able to reproduce.
This is where asexual reproduction in animals comes in, where there is no need for sex for reproduction.
It is where there is only one father or one mother so that no erotic cells or sexual organs participate, as we already know that it happens in normal procreation, as it happens in different Types of animals asexuals They practice this aspect of propagation where one of the parts of their muscular mass is separated, in order to prepare groups of races. The method is performed in a large number of living beings such as:
- Vertebrates
- invertebrates
- Plants
This kind of thing happens in cases of an individual generating genetically identical subjects.
In these facts, we can find the term Cloning procreation, since it gives rise to the types of parents. As well as this type of propagation, it is not seen to involve cells when they emerge, (eggs or spermatozoa), various types of factors, parthenogenesis and glycogenesis. In the place of the somatic cells that in those (that constitute us all the tissues and skins and our structure) this as for the corporal aspects.
Types of asexual reproduction
In its revolving world, there are multiple models that are genetically developed in mammals, but in plants, man has been adding them, destroying their land in a certain way by contaminating it, the list extends more and more, we could say daily.
vegetative multiplication
This emulation is the typical sexual diffusion of sea sponges, which occurs while food crumbs accumulate in their model of real sponge cells. With these cells, the protective covers are isolated, creating a gemula that is later expelled, giving place to a sponge.
- Other types of vegetative multiplication that is budding, is a group of cells on the surface of the living being that begins to grow and grow, until forming a new member of the family, which can finally end the separation or all remain in shape. of a colony. These types of reproduction are given to the hydras.
- In some animals they can multiply by fragmentation, in these types of duplication, a species can be divided into one or several pieces and everything that was divided into small fragments of the same being each develops as new complete individuals. It is the most typical example that we can observe in the life cycle of starfish, because when animals lose an arm, they can regenerate it, from these arms other individuals are formed, clones of the original stars.
Parthenogenesis
As we said at the beginning, in parthenogenesis an egg is needed, but they have not yet been given the sperm. In the ovum that is not fertilized, it can become a next living being. This kind of asexual mating was explained with different species of insects when they produce aphids.
angiogenesis
In anginogenesis, which is another type of uniparental reproduction. The ovules require certain motivations to be able to create the living being, this motivation is a sperm, but in this one it does not donate its genome. It is that offspring that is a clone of the mother. The sperm used does not have to be of the same species as the mothers, just one of many similar species. It occurs in amphibians and teleosts.
Fragmentation
One of the individuals is divided into two or more pieces, which can happen by a fortuitous event or accident or in another spontaneous way, or when the animal considers it appropriate. Among so many species of animals that practice fragmentation, we can give as a key example the starfish or the figures that have more than six arms and reach the conclusion that the starfish is the animal that most practices asexual reproduction in animals.
Bipartition
It is as its name indicates, in these cases the partition is made in both parts. This type of procreation is carried out by different species of the Kingdoms of Living Beings and not only animals, these species are:
- Virus
- Yeast
- Protozoa
- sponges
- unicellular algae
In the process it is about multiplying the DNA, in which they have to separate the cytoplasm and give rise to the two similar cells themselves. In the procreation rate in several of these cases it is exponential. For example, in some of these cases of Escherichia coli bacteria, where they split in half every twenty minutes.
sporulation
In the environment used by spores and endospores to multiply and it is more common when they are in an adverse habitat, such as nutrients, which we all know are few in variety. In the bread fungus and the bacterium bacillus subtilis, they are characterized by using this asexual mating method, which is not only present in animals but also in certain plants.
Polyembryony
It is one of the modalities that is given when more than one embryo is created that fragments into several, this occurs in insects of the hymenoptera order in which they build the Difference between Wasp and Bee, bumblebees and ants, but for what happens first there must have been sexual reproduction between a male and a female.
Parthenogenesis
In this type of asexual reproduction, it is based on the development of asexual cells that are female that have been fertilized. This means that an unfertilized ovum is segmented to create new individuals and sometimes does not always require the presence of male gametes.
Asexual reproduction as a strategy for survival
These survival methods are not used in this type of animal, since we are clear that if the animals do not mate they do not survive and become extinct, as usual aspects of mating, on the contrary, they only do this to feel good about themselves and with the other animals. environment that surrounds them.
It is also because many of these animals have had to survive different climatic disasters that have hit their species hard and if they do not evolve they simply die, for this reason the females are the ones that develop asexual reproduction in animals.