menene hip hop

La labarin da ya shafi menene hip hop, yana da ban sha'awa sosai kuma ya kamata mu san shi, musamman ma masoyan mabambantan ƙungiyoyin al'adu da ake da su. Hip hop wani yunkuri ne na al'adu na birni wanda ya samo asali a cikin 70s wanda ya ƙunshi fannoni daban-daban kamar rubutun rubutu, rawa da kiɗa.

Es guguwar ruwa wacce ta kunshi al'adun tituna daban-daban, kuma hakan ya wuce rawa ko sanin waƙa. An haife shi a matsayin mayar da martani ga halin da ake ciki na danniya cewa jama'ar Afro-Amurka na wannan lokacin suna jurewa.

Wannan yunkuri na tsawon shekaru, ya shahara kuma yana yaduwa zuwa dukkan kusurwoyin duniya tasiri mutane na kowane zamani. Na gaba, a cikin wannan ɗaba'ar, za mu gaya muku duk sirrin da tarihin da ke tattare da wannan nau'in.

Menene hip-hop?

Hip hop ya fi kiɗa, al'adar birni ce wacce ta haɗu da kiɗa, raye-raye, fasaha da salon salo. Hudu daga cikin ginshiƙai na wannan al'ada sune turntablism, rap, B-boying da fasahar gani kamar rubutun rubutu. Waɗannan ginshiƙan sun zama ƙananan al'adu a cikin hip hop.

Haɗin gwiwar waɗannan abubuwa guda huɗu daban-daban sun kawo sauyi ga al'ada kamar yadda aka sani a cikin 70s kuma sun sami damar faɗaɗa duniya cikin ƙimar da ba za a iya tsayawa ba. Tasirin wannan al'ada ya haifar da sababbin salon kiɗa, sababbin nau'ikan fasaha da nishaɗi.ko, labarai game da salon, rawa, ilimi, siyasa, da sauransu.

A yau, al'adun hip hop ya kasance a al'amuran duniya, godiya ga nau'o'in nau'i daban-daban na zane-zane suna ci gaba da bunkasa, suna tasiri ga sababbin al'ummomi.

Asalin al'adun hip hop

Wannan sabon motsi na al'adu, An haife shi a cikin 70s a cikin New York City, musamman a unguwar New York na Bronx. Wannan yunkuri ya nemi ya nuna mummunan tasirin sauyin tattalin arziki, siyasa da bangaren masana'antu.

A wannan zamani da kuma zamanin da, Birnin New York ya rayu cikin rugujewar tattalin arziki akai-akai. Tattalin arzikin yana durkushewa, saboda masana'antu da gine-gine. Duk wannan ya yi tasiri kai tsaye ga yawan jama'a. Yawancin fararen fata masu matsakaicin matsayi sun yi ƙoƙari su tsere zuwa bayan gari don guje wa duk waɗannan matsalolin zamantakewa da tattalin arziki.

Duk wannan ya kai ga a kara tabarbarewa a yankunan da al'ummomin Ba-Amurke da Latino suke zama. Irin wannan mummunan yanayi ne, wanda ya kara yawan laifuka, tashin hankali, ƙungiyoyi da karuwar talauci.

Sakamakon wadannan matsaloli da kuma rufe kamfanoni da dama. matasan wancan lokacin sun fito kan tituna neman shagaltuwa, nishaɗi da hanyoyin da za su bayyana kansu da su.

Wannan shine farkon wannan sabon al'adar birni, bukukuwan da aka yi a cikin unguwanni a cikin gine-ginen da aka watsar ko a wuraren ajiye motoci. Wadannan jam’iyyu, su ne wadanda suka nuna tushen al’adar hip hop, wani sabon zamani ya kunno kai saboda jin watsi da rashi da kuma fushi daga bangaren wadannan al’ummomi.

A cikin shekara ta 1520, a cikin Sedwick Avenue condominium shine lokacin da DJs sun fara gwaji da sauti daban-daban kamar ruhi da funk. Bugu da ƙari, sun fara bincikar yadda za a haɗa waɗannan sababbin rhythms tare da iyawar jiki.

juyin halittar hip hop

bayan shekaru masu yawa, a cikin 1980 al'adun birane na hip hop sun shiga tebur da wuya kuma na duniya. Duk waƙar da aka yi a lokacin da muke magana game da su suna da sauti mai mahimmanci wanda na'urorin drum na Roland 808 da Oberheim DMX suka samar.

Yunƙurin wannan sabon motsi na al'adu ya fara, yana buɗe sabbin iyakoki a duniya, wanda ke haifar da shi Sabbin adadi sun fara fitowa a fagen kiɗan da aka sani kamar B-boys a sassa daban-daban na duniya kamar Jamus, Japan, Faransa, da dai sauransu.

A cikin birnin da hip hop ya fara bayyana, a New York, bayan shekaru hudu Sabuwar Makaranta wacce aka siffata ta hanyar amfani da rhythm a mafi ƙarancin hanya. Wannan sabuwar hanyar yin kari ta sami tasiri ta hanyar kiɗan nau'in dutsen da kuma waƙoƙin da mawakan rapper suka rubuta, waɗanda suka ƙaddamar da saƙo mai ƙarfi da abun ramuwar gayya.

labaran hip hop

A ƙarshen 90s, salo daban-daban sun samo asali a cikin wannan motsi na birni wanda salon kiɗa daban-daban ya rinjayi. Yayin da lokaci ya ci gaba, hip hop ya fuskanci sabon rauni wanda ya sa tallace-tallace na wannan salon kiɗa ya yi rauni, amma a cikin shekara. 2010, ya sake farfadowa da ƙarfi a fagen duniya.

A bayyane yake cewa duk abin da ke kewaye da wannan al'adar birane ya ci gaba da bunkasa tsawon shekaru, yana mai da shi sabbin nau'ikan nau'ikan suna bayyana kamar Trap, wanda ake samarwa a halin yanzu, ko Mumble Rap.

hip hop majagaba

Tun daga farkonsa a cikin unguwannin Bronx da Harlem, al'adun hip hop na ci gaba da yaduwa ta hanyar al'adu da wurare daban-daban a duniya. Suna da yawa mahimman adadi, waɗanda suka yi tasiri kai tsaye a duniyar hip hop. Wasu daga cikin fitattun sune DJ Kool Herc, Afrika Bambaataa da Grandmaster Flash.

DJ Kul Herc

Daya daga cikin masu tasiri a wannan yunkuri na al'adu shi ne wannan Baƙin Jamaica wanda ake ɗauka a matsayin uban hip hop. A cikin 1973, shi da 'yar uwarsa sun kafa tarihi ta hanyar shirya Jam Komawa Makaranta a ginin gidansu.

Haka kuma, shi ne direba da wanda ya bullo da dabarun karya bugun zuciya. Kalma, da aka yi amfani da ita don bayyana nau'ikan nau'ikan kiɗan lantarki waɗanda ke siffata ta yin amfani da tsarin rhythmic ban da sanannun 4/4.

DJ Kul Herc, zai haɗu nau'ikan kiɗa kamar funk ko rai, tare da sassan kaɗa ta amfani da biyu na turntables. Kook Herc da kansa zai kira wannan fasaha ta fasa bugun juggling, wanda da sauri ya sanya shi zama ɗaya daga cikin majagaba a cikin haɓakar kiɗan wannan motsi na birane.

Hakanan, da da yawa da ya shafi ci gaban zance rhythm da puns, wanda MC ya buga. Wannan salon waka shi ne abin da aka fi sani da bayyanar rap na farko, wanda al’adar Jama’a ta yi ta toashe, wato magana ko rera waka a kan kari.

Afirka Bambaataa

Har ila yau, an san shi da The Godfather, Afrika Bambaataa wani muhimmin mutum ne da za a lura da shi a tarihin hip hop. Mai shirya kiɗa da DJ, wanda ya shirya bukukuwa a cikin Bronx a cikin 70s kuma wanda kuma Ina taimaka wa matasa da yawa su rabu da ƙungiyoyi, tashin hankali, makamai da kwayoyi.

Shi ne ya kafa Universal Zulu Nation, kungiya ce mai sadaukar da kai ga kiɗa a matsayin motsi na zaman lafiya da haɗin kai. An koya wa matasan da ke cikin wannan ƙungiya su zama DJs, rappers, masu kirkiro fasahar gani har ma da wasan kwaikwayo. Bayan lokaci, waɗannan abubuwa huɗu an nuna su azaman ginshiƙai huɗu na asali na hip hop.

La song, Planet Rock Afrika Bambaataa da Soul Sonic suka fitar daya daga cikin na farko kuma mafi tasiri na wannan salon a 1982.

Babban Malamin Flash

Wani muhimmin haruffa a cikin al'adun hip hop a New York. Grandmaster Flash, shi ne DJ na farko don amfani da sarrafa bayanai ta hanyar motsa alkiblarsu, gaba, baya ko hagu. Har ila yau, an san shi don ƙirƙirar sababbin fasahohin DJ a lokacin irin su yanke, naushi, zazzagewa da baya.

Daya daga cikin ƙungiyoyin da suka fi tasiri a zamanin hip hop, Grandmaster Flash & The Furious Five a cikin 1976. Sun ba wa jama'a salon kiɗa na musamman, suna musayar waƙoƙi tsakanin rappers daban-daban kuma waɗannan an haɗa su da fasahar Grandmaster Flash's DJ.

An san wannan adadi a duk duniya ba kawai don duk abin da muka gani ba amma har ma yi amfani da hannaye, ƙafafu, gwiwar hannu da abubuwa daban-daban don sarrafa vinyls da wanda yayi wasa.

Wakar kungiyar mai suna "The Message" ita ce ta fi fice kuma ta taimaka wa rap ta kafa kanta a matsayin sabon salo na birane da kuma sanya mawakan rapper su kai matsayi mafi girma a karon farko. A cikin shekara ta 2007, ƙungiyar Grandmaster Flash & The Furious Five sun kafa tarihi zama rukuni na farko na hip hop da aka shigar a cikin Rock and Roll Hall of Fame.   

zamanin zinare

Tsakanin shekarun 1980 zuwa 1990, hip hop ya sami ƙarfi sosai kuma ana iya samun ƙari a birane daban-daban. Wannan zamanin da muke magana akai ana kiransa da Golden Age of hip hop, wanda alamar fashewar wannan motsi na birane yana haifar da bambance-bambance, tasiri, sababbin abubuwa da nasara duka.

Yawancin alamun rikodin lokacin sun ga hip hop a matsayin haɓakar haɓaka da fare ga motsin kudi masu yawa. An kaddamar da bayanai a kasuwa cikin hanzari, domin rage bukatar da gidajen rediyon gida daban-daban ke samarwa.

Yayin da wannan al'ada ta girma kuma ta zama sananne. sabbin al'amuran da salon hip hop suna fitowa, ko da yake har yanzu gwaji ne kawai. Amma yawancin masu samar da hip hop sun sami ƙarin kayan haɓakawa wanda ya haifar da ƙirƙirar rhythms mafi girma.

A cikin wannan zamanin zinare, yin amfani da samfurin kida ya kasance halayya, wato, samfurin waƙar waƙar da aka zana an ciro kuma an yi amfani da su don ƙirƙirar sababbi. Haƙƙin mallaka iri ɗaya babu a yau, don haka masu fasaha suna da cikakken 'yanci.

Abin da ya jawo wannan sabon yunkuri ba wai kade-kade kadai ba ne, an kuma danganta shi da salon sawa wanda ya tattaro nasa salon sutura, kayan masarufi, takalmi da sauransu, duk wannan ya zama wata hanya ta bayyana kansa.

Kamar yadda kake gani, tarihin da ke kewaye da al'adun hip hop yana da ban sha'awa kuma yana cike da alamomi da mahimman haruffa. A tsawon shekaru, wannan al'ada ta sami sauye-sauye daban-daban da juyin halitta wanda ya sa ta zama abin da yake a yau. Daga unguwannin Bronx zuwa wani al'amari na duniya.