According to planetary scientific studies, the Earth was originally formed by the collision and mixture of very small rock pieces, which in science are called planetesimals, but if you want to know everything about it origin and evolution of the Earth, We invite you to read this article.
Origin of the Earth
If we analyze the origin and evolution of the earth In our solar system, as far as we know, we are the only planet on which life exists, because it has not been possible to find signs of life on another planet close to us.
In addition, in the planetary classification, the Earth is the largest of the planets that are located in the inner zone of the solar system and that, like the other planets that are part of our solar system, was formed approximately close to 4,6 million years.
It is known that the planet Earth and the Solar System as a whole, had their origin in a nebula that is located at one of the extremities of the Milky Way. The process began 4600 billion years ago, when the dust and gas in the nebula began to constrict, probably as a result of a shock wave caused by an exploding star.
In a short time, all that material scattered in space began to condense and move in circles, forming something very similar to a disk. Within that disc, the largest portion of the mass present in the nebula was grouped, which began to compress and raise its temperature, until the heat of the center could give rise to a nuclear fusion between the hydrogen atoms, for which it began to shine the sun
Now, the matter present in the nebula that did not become part of the sun, continued to rotate on itself due to the effect of gravity. As the temperature decreased, it was possible that solid pieces the size of grains of sand were formed that began to collide with each other, forming some bodies that have been called planetesimals.
Subsequently, the planetesimals began to collide with each other, until the inner planets were formed, which have higher density and the remaining planets that are gaseous in nature and are classified as outer planets, because they were formed differently and due to their density less, they could not achieve compaction.
Evolution of the Earth
Due to these shocks, the components of the early Earth should have been distributed in a comparatively balanced way, but at some point that balance changed.
It is likely that this happened because the Earth began a heating process due to radioactive decomposition, internal pressure forces began to increase and also because of the incursion of atoms of materials from the universe.
Due to the great forces generated, it was possible for the ferrous material to merge and, being an element in a liquid state with a greater volume by weight, it was depressed and the initial earth was located towards the interior, with which the nucleus of the structure was built. Land. Thousands of years later, in the layer that formed on the outside of the earth, the first inhabitable terrestrial spaces surrounded by water emerged.
Earth's crust
According to Solar System Scientific Disclosure Article that have been established on the evolution of planet Earth, For a long time, our planet is made up of 71% water, which is distributed among seas, oceans, lakes and rivers; and twenty-nine percent of the land surface, made up of the continents.
The way it is currently seen derives from a process of alterations of the earth's crust that can be considered provisional or permanent, depending on its characteristics, which have been the result of the different manifestations of forces present on our planet, which can be of external type, also called exogenous, or internal type, called endogenous.
If we want to analyze the internal or endogenous forces, we will find that among them are those that are released when tectonic plate movements occur, those that are released with the rise of mountains or when volcanoes erupt.
But if what we are talking about is external or exogenous forces, there we have the force that can come from the waters, either from the rains, the force of the oceanic movements that shape the coastlines, or the one that derives from the rivers and the lakes. It is also an exogenous force that produces wind and ice, either in a stationary state or in mobilization.
Leaching and sedimentation
These elements gave rise to what is called leaching processes, which is a physical phenomenon that occurs when small bodies enter the water but have a higher specific weight and consequently sink to the bottom; and processes in which the sediment layers originate, which are accumulations of material produced by erosion and that have been transported far from their place of origin by water, by which the earth's surface has always been in constant change.
Another factor that can be considered as a modifying force of the terrestrial relief is the effect that the human being produces in his environment, who with his strength and inventiveness, has been capable of modifying and transforming the terrestrial surface in a visible way. That force that man exerts on his environment has been called anthropogenic force,
The origin and theory of the Big Bang
Several hypotheses have been formulated about the birth and formation of the universe. One of them, in 1948, was proposed by the physicist George Anthony Gamow (1904-1968), who originally formulated the most widely accepted theory in the scientific world, the Big Bang theory.
In this hypothesis, it is said that the universe probably had its origin around ten or fifteen billion years ago, and that this was the product of an explosion on a huge scale, caused by the explosion of an original atom whose size was smaller than that of the head of a pin.
Following this immense explosion, it is speculated that photons, electrons, neutrons and protons were created, which were initially at very high temperatures. When these subatomic particles managed to come together, the first atoms were created, which were hydrogen and helium, which were the first elements from which matter could be created.
Foundation of the Big Bang theory
The Big Bang theory has its theoretical basis in three aspects:
- The Universe is still expanding as a result of a huge explosion. That is the conclusion after having been able to observe that the galaxies are moving away from each other. Astronomers have been able to calculate their speed of separation by measuring the amount of energy that the galaxies expel.
These measurements are possible thanks to the invention of a device called a spectrometer that is capable of breaking down light into various colors. With this invention it has been possible to establish that the celestial bodies that are farthest from the Earth, move at a higher speed, drifting in the measurement towards the red color of the spectrometer, producing a Doppler effect.
- The abundant existence of chemical elements released from the Origin of the universe is invariable, this statement means that we can always find the same chemical isotopes in different celestial bodies, even if they are separated by incredible distances.
- In 1965, the physics experts Pensias and Wilson managed to conclude that the radiation received by the Earth, coming from all over the universe, is the product of an immeasurable explosion that took place ten or fifteen billion years ago.
Based on these premises, it has been possible to create an expansion model that attempts to explain the origin and evolution of the Earth, which is based on the fact that the heat decreases as time goes by and the reason for this is the cooling of the gases produced by the expansion.
The expansion model of the Earth can also be used to know the future of the planet and several astronomers consider that our universe will suffer a physical and chemical collapse when it reaches 1039 thousand years of existence, because the sun will stop shining due to wear and tear and little little by little you will have less activity.
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