Iingcali ze-anthropology zisebenza kwiinkalo ezininzi, kubandakanywa i-anthropology yenkcubeko, i-anthropology yomzimba, i-anthropology yolwimi, i-anthropology yentlalo, kunye ne-archaeology. Ezi zifundo zabelana ngokufana nezinye iinzululwazi zentlalo ezifana nezentlalo yoluntu kunye nembali.
Ukuba ufuna ukwazi ukuba yintoni i-anthropologist, into ayenzayo kunye neentlobo ze-anthropologist zikhona, ngoko siya kukuxelela ngakumbi.
Yintoni i-anthropology?
I-Anthropology yenye yeenzululwazi zentlalo, egxile kuyo ukuqonda nokucacisa iinkcubeko zabantu kunye noluntu ngexesha nangembali. Njengenxalenye yemizamo yayo yokuqonda imbali, i-anthropology ifunda iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zenkcubeko kunye neelwimi. Ikwavavanya ukuba ezi nkqubo zenkcubeko zifana njani kwaye zahluke njani ngentlalo, yebhayoloji, kunye nembono yendaleko.
Iingcali ze-anthropologists zisebenza kwiinkalo ezininzi, kubandakanywa i-anthropology yenkcubeko, i-anthropology yomzimba, i-anthropology yolwimi, i-anthropology yentlalo, kunye ne-archaeology. Ezi zifundo zabelana ngokufana nezinye iinzululwazi zentlalo ezifana nezentlalo yoluntu kunye nembali. Ngapha koko, basebenza kwizikolo zemfundo, iiarhente zikarhulumente, amaziko ophando, kunye nemibutho engenzi nzuzo. Umsebenzi wakhe ugxile kuphando lwezemfundo ukuqhubela phambili intsimi yakhe ngenjongo yokusombulula iingxaki zabantu.
Imisebenzi ephambili ye-anthropologist
Iingcali ze-anthropologists zihlala zisenza imisebenzi eqhelekileyo Okulandelayo. Ngezantsi sidibanisa kwaye sicacise ngokufutshane malunga nabo:
- Baphanda ngezoqoqosho, amanani abantu, ezentlalo, ezopolitiko, iilwimi, kunye nenkcubeko yamaqela ahlukeneyo oluntu ukuze baqonde ngcono ukuba bahluke njani.Bayenza ngezi ndlela zilandelayo:
- Ngodliwano-ndlebe, amaxwebhu, kunye nemigqaliselo, ukufikelela kwizigqibo ngokuqokelela ulwazi.
- Ukuchonga iinkolelo zenkcubeko kunye nezenzo ezichaphazela kakhulu impilo kunye nokufikelela kwiinkonzo eziphambili
- Bahlola kwaye baqokelele izinto zakudala kunye neentsalela zeenkcubeko zamandulo, ukuze babe nokuqonda okungcono kweenkcubeko zeminyanya. Bakwasebenzisa ubuchule benkqubo ukwenzela ukuba ulwazi oluqokelelweyo luchaneke.
- Cacisa uphuhliso lwenkcubeko, ulwimi, izenzo, iinkolelo, iimpawu zenyama, kunye nemvelaphi yoluntu olwahlukeneyo.
- Banoxanduva lokunikezela ngeziphumo kwiingxelo kubaphulaphuli ngokubanzi kunye nabakhethekileyo, lo nto:
- Imithetho ye-anthropology kufuneka ikwazi ukuchaza kwaye iqikelele indlela yokuziphatha kunye nophuhliso lomntu.
- Iirekhodi ziqulethe ulwazi oluchaza kwaye luhlalutye iipateni zentlalo kunye neenkqubo.
- Amaqumrhu karhulumente, imibutho yabucala kunye namanye amaziko acela iingcebiso zeengcali ze-anthropologists ukwenza iinkqubo, ukucwangcisa imigaqo-nkqubo yentlalo kunye nokunye.
- Ukukhuthaza iziphumo zophando ngokubonisa amaphepha kwiinkomfa okanye ukuwapapasha.
- Amaqela ophuhliso lwentlalo afuna iinkqubo zongenelelo ukuze ziphuhlise. Kulapho i-anthropologists ingena khona:
- Njengeengcali kucwangciso nophuhliso loqoqosho, bayasebenzisana ukuze bafezekise iinjongo zabo.
- Basebenzisa ulwazi kunye neenkolelo zabo malunga nokusingqongileyo kwiinkcubeko ezahlukeneyo kwiiprojekthi zolawulo lwezibonelelo.
- Iingxaki zokhuseleko lokutya zinokubonwa ngokujonga imveliso, ukuhanjiswa kunye nokusetyenziswa kokutya.
Ubungcali be-Anthropology
I-Anthropology yohlulwe ngokweendidi, kwaye ke, nganye inoxanduva lomsebenzi othile. Apha siza kukhankanya ezona zixhaphakileyo:
- I-anthropology ye-Forensic. Eli sebe, ngenxa yochungechunge lukamabonwakude, ngokuqinisekileyo lelona laziwa kakhulu. Bajongene nentsebenziswano namapolisa ukuze bancede ekuchongeni abantu ababhubhileyo okanye abadukileyo.
- I-anthropology yomzimba okanye yebhayoloji. Injongo yayo kukufunda intsebenziswano yomntu nendalo kunye neenkqubo zebhayoloji. Kwaye ke, ezi zinto zibachaphazela njani abantu.
- i-anthropology yenkcubeko. Ifunda iinkcubeko, kwaye igxininisa, ngaphezu kwayo yonke into, ekugcinweni kwegcuntswana okanye inkcubeko yemveli phambi koxinzelelo lwehlabathi jikelele.
- ianthropology yolwimi. Ifunda kwaye itolike ukuvela kweelwimi ezahlukeneyo, kwimeko yophuhliso lomntu kunye nemfuzo yomntu ngamnye.
- i-anthropology yezonyango. Ifunda indlela etolikwa ngayo kwinkcubeko nganye, impilo ngokubanzi, izifo kunye nendlela yokwenza kwezi meko kunye noluphi uncedo olukhoyo.
- i-anthropology yasezidolophini. Isekelwe kucwangciso lwedolophu kunye nohlengahlengiso ukuze kuphuculwe ukuhlalisana koluntu. Ngokomzekelo, ijongene nokucwangcisa ukudalwa kweepaki kwiindawo zokuhlala, phakathi kwezinye iimeko zasedolophini.
- i-anthropology yesini. Isekelwe ekudalweni nasekuxhaseni imigaqo-nkqubo yokuthintela ubundlobongela ngokwesini.
Zeziphi izakhono ezinqwenelekayo kwi-anthropologist ukuba nazo?
Akwanelanga kuphela ukufunda kwaye ufumane isidanga, ukuba yi-anthropologist elungileyo, phantse kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaqambisa ezi zakhono zilandelayo:
- amandla abalulekileyo
- Ukuxhasa nokuhlonipha iyantlukwano yenkcubeko
- Yiba nolwazi lwe-ethnographic kunye nezixhobo zophando.
- Izakhono zonxibelelwano ezilungileyo ngokubhaliweyo kunye nokuthethwa.
- Isimo sengqondo esisebenzayo xa usebenza namaqela ezinto ezininzi.
- Ukukwazi ukulawula uxinzelelo olubangelwa luxinzelelo.
Ukuphuma emsebenzini
Umntu onesidanga se-anthropology unokuqeshwa ngawo omabini amaziko karhulumente nawabucala. Nangona Uninzi lwamathuba emisebenzi aziwa nge-anthropologist ngalawo anxulumene nokusasazwa kwenzululwazi, uphando kunye nokufundisa, zikwakho nezinye iindawo zokusebenza ezifana:
- Iingcebiso, zombini ezivela kurhulumente kunye nemibutho yabucala.
- Ulondolozo lwelifa lenkcubeko nembali.
- Ulawulo lweMyuziyam.
- Ukulamla phakathi koluntu lwemveli kunye noorhulumente.
- Uhlalutyo lwezopolitiko zangoku.
- Umphathi kunye nomphuhlisi wemigaqo-nkqubo yokufuduka.
Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi uyazi ukuba yintoni i-anthropologist, kwaye ukuba ucinga ngokufunda i-anthropology, iya kusebenza njengesikhokelo esincinci.