Ngeli xesha siza kukunika a Isishwankathelo seQhayiya kunye noCalucalulo, inoveli ebhalwe nguJane Austen. Umbhali waseBritani. Oko kusibonisa ukuba ibutho lamaNgesi lalinjani ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane ye-XNUMX.
Isishwankathelo seQhayiya kunye noCalucalulo
Apha siza kukunika isishwankathelo sokuba yintoni le noveli kaJane Austen, kwaye zeziphi izihloko ekwaxoxwa ngazo ekuhambeni kwayo.
Malunga nombhali uJane Austen
UJane Austen ngumbhali wenoveli owaziwayo waseBritane owazalwa ngo-1775. Umbhali wenoveli ethi Pride and Prejudice, eyapapashwa okokuqala ngokungaziwa ngo-1813. Le yayiyeyona ncwadi yakhe idumileyo kumazwe ngamazwe.
imbali yenoveli
Le noveli ichukumisa ibali lendlela abakumgangatho ophantsi woSapho lukaBennet, olubandakanya uNksk Bennet, uMnu Bennet kunye neentombi zabo ezintlanu ezihlala emaphandleni kufutshane neLondon ngexesha loLawulo lukaGeorge III.
Ngelo xesha, abafazi babenamalungelo ambalwa; phakathi kwabo kwakungekho lifa labazali babo. Ilifa laligqithiselwa kuphela kumadoda osapho kwaye ke, abafazi abancinci babeneenjongo zokufumana umyeni onobuzwe obukhulu ukuze bangangeni ebuhlwempu. Abasetyhini banikezelwa kuphela kwimeko yomtshato, ubuhle, izakhono ezithile ezinjengokucula okanye ukudlala isixhobo kunye nesikhundla sabo sentlalo.
Ngokufika kukaCharles Bingley edolophini, uNksk Bennet ehleba kwaye ehlala enethemba lokuba enye yeentombi zakhe inokutshata nomntu osisityebi. Ngoko unyanzelisa umyeni wakhe ukuba aye kudibana nommelwane omtsha. AbakwaBennet babeneentombi ezintlanu ezibizwa ngokuba nguJane, uElizabeth, uMary, uKitty noLydia.
U-Elizabeth Bennet ungumdlali oyintloko wenoveli, ibhinqa eliselula elihle, elinekratshi elinobuntu obuqinileyo kunye neminqweno emikhulu eqwalaselwa ukusuka kwelinye ixesha. Kule noveli ubizwa ngokuba nguLizzie ngabantu abathandayo. Umama, esazi ukuba intombi yakhe injani, ukholelwa ukuba lityala elingenasisombululo, kwaye soze ikwazi ukufumana umyeni.
Ngelo xesha, abafazi babengenawo amathuba afanayo namadoda, wayenokunqwenela kuphela ukuba ngoomama nabafazi. Ngaphandle kokukwazi ukuba namabhongo omsebenzi.
Le noveli iqala xa abafana ababini abazizityebi abangatshatanga befika kule ndawo, abangoMnu Bingley noMnumzana Darcy, kwaye umama wamantombazana ebona elona thuba lilungileyo lokutshata omnye wabo.
UMnu Bingley, indoda enzulu kakhulu kwaye ehloniphekileyo, uthandana noJane Bennet, intombi endala yentsapho yakwaBennet. Kwaye uCaroline Bingley, udade womfana, akavumelani nobudlelwane ngenxa yeklasi yentlalontle yentombazana.
UMnu. Bingley uya kuJane, ephikisana nodade wabo. Nangona kunjalo, yena ngokwakhe uyanyamalala ngokukhawuleza kwisixeko, eshiya uJane ngaphandle kwengcaciso.
Umhlobo wakhe, uMnumzana Darcy, uthandana namakhubalo kadadewabo kaJane, u-Elizabeth, kodwa yena akavumi ukuyamkela le nto ayivayo ngenxa yokuba eli bhinqa liselula likumgangatho ophantsi. UElizabeth, yena, ubona uMnumzana Darcy njengendoda enekratshi kwaye uya kumthiya. Olu lwalamano lulawulwa ngumkhethe, umtsalane, inkanuko kunye nomsindo.
UMnu Darcy, ezibona ethandana nentombazana eselula, uthatha isibindi aze acele isandla sakhe. Kodwa uElizabhete uhlala eqinile kwiinjongo zakhe kwaye uyasikhaba eso sicelo, kuba umthatha njengendoda enekratshi nengenangqondo.
Kodwa izinto ziyatshintsha emva kokufumana ileta apho uMnumzana Darcy echaza izimo zakhe zengqondo. Emva kokuba eyifundile le leta, uElizabeth uyakwazi ukubona kuye indoda elungileyo. Ekugqibeleni uMnumzana Darcy uphinda isicelo sakhe somtshato kwaye u-Elizabeth uyasamkela. Esi sibini sifudukela ePemberley.
KuJane kukho nesiphelo esimnandi. UMnu. Bingley ubuyela edolophini kwaye uchaza izizathu zakhe zokunyamalala ngequbuliso. Lo mfana ucela intanda yakhe ukuba axolele kwaye ucela isandla sakhe emtshatweni, uyamkela, kwaye kunye baya kuhlala eNetherfield.
Ivula abalinganiswa bakho
Abalinganiswa kwinoveli yeQhayiya kunye nePrejudice uninzi lwentsapho yakwaBennet: utata nomama, uElizabeth Bennet kunye noodade bakhe, njengoMnu Bingley kunye nodadewabo uCaroline, kunye noMnu Darcy.
Izixhobo Abalinganiswa bakhe:
Aba balinganiswa umntu ngamnye uneempawu ezahlukeneyo ezenza ibali libe namasuntswana akholisa abafundi.
Mnu noNksk Bennet:
Usukelo lwakhe kukutshata iintombi zakhe ezintlanu, nto leyo eyenza umama azinikele ngokupheleleyo ekufuneni amadoda anokuba ngabakhweli beentombi zakhe. UMnu. Bennet naye unayo loo nkxalabo kodwa ukhululekile ngayo. Nangona unomvuzo omncinci. Kwezinye iimeko uyasilela njengotata kuba ekhetha ukurhoxa kwiinkxalabo zomfazi neentombi zakhe.
Elizabeth Bennett:
Umlinganiswa ophambili okwabizwa ngokuba nguLizzie kule noveli, yintombazana entle, ephucukileyo, ekrelekrele nenobuntununtunu, nengonelisekanga yindima yakhe eluntwini. Kwaye lowo uneempawu zokuba ngumfazi omncinci ozimeleyo, kwaye ocinga ukuba ukutshata kungenxa yothando kungekhona ukulula.
UJane Bennet:
Uyintombi endala yentsapho yakwaBennet, ethathwa njengemnandi kakhulu kwaye iphupha. Usondele kakhulu kudadewabo u-Elizabeth kunye noyena mntu amthembayo. Uchazwa njengomntu odelelayo, oneentloni, nomhle kakhulu.
UMary Bennet:
Uyintombazana eselula ethanda iincwadi kwaye ethanda ukukhulisa ingqondo yakhe. Uthathwa njengentombazana efunde kakhulu enobulumko obukhulu, ngenxa yokuthanda kwakhe izinto ezininzi.
UKitty noLydia Bennet:
Ngoodade abancinci bentsapho, abafane bakhankanywe ngexesha lenoveli. Ngabantu abaselula abathanda ukucombulula iingxaki. ULidia oselula unoburharha obugqithisileyo kwaye ungumntu okhululekileyo ngokungafaniyo nabanye. UKitty, kwelinye icala, libhinqa eliselula elifumana umhlobo walo osenyongweni kudade wabo uLidia. Kwaye bobabini bachitha ixesha labo besebeza ngokuzolileyo kwaye babelane ngeemfihlo.
Mnu Bingley:
Uyinkwenkwana esisityebi kakhulu evela kwintsapho elungileyo kakhulu erenta indlu yaseNetherfield kwaye ethandana noJane. Kuthiwa ngumfana olungileyo nofundileyo. Kodwa ukuba umahluko wodidi phakathi kwabantu awunamdla kuye. Kodwa ukuba unobuthathaka, ukuba uphenjelelwa kakhulu ngumama nodade wabo.
Mnu Darcy:
Ungumhlobo omkhulu kaMnu Bingley, omchaza njengomntu okrelekrele nonyanisekileyo kodwa ngokuzingca. Oku kumenza acinge ukuba oodade bakwaBennet bakumgangatho ophantsi kunabo, ngoko ekuqaleni wayengenamdla kuyo. Ngokuhamba kwexesha, uqhelana nolutsha lweBennets kwaye uphela ngokuthandana noElizabhete.
UCaroline bingley
Ungudade boMnumzana Bingley, obugxeka ngokupheleleyo ubudlelwane balo mfana noJane, ekubeni emgqala njengomntu wodidi oluphantsi lwentlalontle. UCaroline unekratshi ngandlel’ ithile, njengoko ekholelwa ukuba igama losapho lwakhe akufuneki lidityaniswe neleentsapho eziphantsi.
UGeorge Wickham
Ungummeli onomtsalane womkhosi kodwa ungumzingeli wobutyebi.
UMnu Collins
Ungumntu ongento yanto, oya kushiyeka nelifa losapho lakwaBennet.
Uhlalutyo lweSishwankathelo sokuZingca neCalucalulo
Kule nto Isishwankathelo seQhayiya kunye noCalucalulo Indima yentlalo yamaNgesi ngelo xesha iya kuhlalutywa, njengoko abazali babenamandla okufumanela amadoda abo amantombazana, phakathi kwezinye izinto.
Kule noveli iQhayiya nePrejudice singaqwalasela ukuba ngelo xesha apho ibali lenzeka khona, intlalo yamaNgesi enkulungwane ye-XNUMX, babenesiko okanye isiko lokuba amagqiyazana, indima ekuphela kwayo abanokuyidlala kusapho. umfazi. Kwaye kwabonakala kubi kakhulu ukuba benza ngokuchaseneyo.
Ngaphezu koko, kunokubonwa ukuba xa abanye babazali babo befa, abanalo nelincinane ithuba lokuzuza njengelifa izinto nobutyebi obashiyelwa ngabazali babo. Ekuphela kwento enokufunyanwa lilifa ngamadoda, ekubeni kukho isiko lokuba ngawona alawula izinto zentsapho. Yaye ukuba kwakungekho ndoda entsatsheni, ilifa lalinikwa indoda entsatsheni.
Yiyo loo nto sinokuthi kule nto Isishwankathelo seQhayiya kunye noCalucalulo, kukuba imali ikwayinxalenye ebalulekileyo yoluntu lwamaNgesi ngenkulungwane ye-XNUMX. Ekubeni kwakukho isiko lokuba abantu kufuneka batshate abantu bodidi olufanayo lwentlalo. Ekubeni ngenye indlela yayikhangeleka ifixiwe.
Eli bali libaliswa kwinoveli kaJane Austen ethi, Ukuzingca noKucalula, liye lalungiselelwa ifilimu, iqonga lemidlalo yeqonga nomabonakude kuba yayiyinoveli eyimpumelelo engathethekiyo. Kuyo, kugxekwa kakhulu uluntu lwamaNgesi elo xesha, kuba lubonisa ukuba amabhongo ezoqoqosho ngelo xesha ayeqhutywa ngokungqongqo ngumdla.
Yaye loo mtshato ugqalwa njengesivumelwano sorhwebo phakathi kwabantu abatshatileyo, apho ngalinye lixhamla kuwo.
Kulapho uElizabeth Bennet ephuma kwisiqhelo ekubeni engacingi ukuba umtshato ufanele ulungelelaniswe, ucinga ukuba umtshato ufanele usekelwe eluthandweni, kungekhona kwiminqweno yezoqoqosho enokunceda omnye umntu. Kanye njengokuba naye ecinga ukuba abafazi ngelo xesha kufuneka babe nethuba loqeqesho lobuchwephesha kwaye bangaxhomekeki nakubani na. Le ndlela yokucinga ka-Elizabeth Bennet ngandlel’ ithile yatsala ingqalelo kayise, ekubeni wayemgqala njengebhinqa eliselula elikhethekileyo.
Ibhongo lika-Elizabeth lidlala iqhinga kuye ngokuvumela umbono wokuqala kaMnu Darsy ukuba ube ngokwaneleyo ukuba akhuphe uluvo kuye ngaphandle kokumazi kakuhle. Kwelinye icala, uMnu.
Ukufumana uthando phakathi kuka-Elizabeth noMnumzana Darsy kufuneka banqobe iimvavanyo ezahlukeneyo, baqonde ukuba imali ayiyona yonke into ebomini kwaye ingcamango yokuba umntu ongeyena ubutyebi akafanelekanga kumntu.
Kwaye kwezinye iimeko intliziyo ayiwuphembeleli umtshato, kodwa kukho iimeko ukuba imilinganiselo yentlalontle yenza abantu bayenze imali nje.
Le yinoveli apho ibonisa ukuba igama lomfazi libaluleke kakhulu. Kwaye ukuba ngandlel’ ithile akayihoya loo nto, iya kumzisela inkathazo eninzi, nokugxothwa.
Esi sihloko seeklasi ngaloo maxesha yayisisihloko esiethe-ethe kakhulu kuba sinxulumene nodumo kunye nembeko yomntu. Into namhlanje ayiqinisekanga kuba loo nto ayikwenzi ubengcono okanye ube mbi ngaphezu kwakhe nabani na. Kwaye ukuba kumacandelo omabini kukho abantu abalungileyo nababi kwaye ngoko umntu akufanele acalule ngokwemeko yabo yezoqoqosho.
Malunga noshicilelo lwakho
Le noveli kaJane Austen yayingasoloko inalo elo gama, ekuqaleni yayinegama le-First Impressions, elathi kamva latshintshwa laba yi-Pride and Prejudice. Oku kwabhalwa phakathi ko-1796 no-1797 ngumbhali yaye ekugqibeleni kwashicilelwa ngoJanuwari 1813. Eli bali lisasebenza nanamhlanje, likwindawo yokuqala kwezona ncwadi zifundwa kakhulu ehlabathini. Kuba ijongene nemiba ethi ngandlel' ithile okanye enye, ibe yinxalenye yento eluluntu.
Imuvi
Ngo-2005, kwenziwa umboniso bhanyabhanya wenoveli kaJane Austen ebizwa ngokuba yi-Pride and Prejudice. Eyona nto yayingeyokuqala, kuba kwiminyaka ye-1940 kunye ne-2003 ngokulandelelana yayineendlela ezifanayo. Lo mboniso bhanyabhanya uchongelwe iMotion Picture Academy Awards (Oscar), kugqatso lweBest Actress (uKeira Knightley), uYilo lweSinxibo esiGqwesileyo, eyona Soundtrack eBalaseleyo kunye neSikhokelo soBugcisa. Lo mboniso bhanyabhanya uphinde wachongelwa iimbasa zeGolden Globe kudidi lweFilimu eBalaseleyo kunye nomdlali weqonga ogqwesileyo.
Kodwa ekugqibeleni yaphumelela imbasa yeBafta yeyona filimu isityhilelo.
Ikratshi kunye Nomkhethe Noveli amabinzana
- Uthando lwam neminqweno yam ayitshintshanga, kodwa ilizwi elivela kuye liza kundithulisa ngonaphakade.
- Ndiza kunika umhlaba ngokuba nesibindi sokuthetha inyani, ukuze uphile inyani.
- Undithakathile umzimba nomphefumlo.
- Ukunikezela ngaphandle kokugwetyelwa akuyiyo into yokuncoma ukuqonda komnye, uMnumzana Darcy.
- Cinga kuphela ngexesha elidlulileyo kangangokuba ukulikhumbula kukuzisela uyolo. Elizabeth Bennet.
- Yenza yonke into, kodwa ungatshati ngaphandle komsa uJane Benett.
- Abantu Abanomsindo Abasoloko Belumkile uJane Austen (Umbalisi).
- Umntu okwaziyo ukubhala ileta ende ngokulula akakwazi ukubhala uCaroline Bingley egula.
Curiosities
Le noveli yeQhayiya nePrejudice, umbhali wayo uJane Austen, waqala ukubhala xa wayeneminyaka engama-20 ubudala, elingana no-Elizabeth Bennet, kwaye akazange ayigqibe de wayeneminyaka engama-37 ubudala.
Ngo-1937, uyise kaJane Austen wabhalela umpapashi uThomas Cadell ebuza ukuba angawuhlaziya na umbhalo-ngqangi wentombi yakhe. Kodwa ekugqibeleni, yonke into yabuyela emva. Kwaye kwakungonyaka ka-1811 xa umbhali wabuyayo ukuza kuzikhuthaza ekubhaleni waza weza kuphinda enze uthotho lohlaziyo lwenoveli eyayiza kuphela ngokupapashwa kwayo ngoJanuwari 28, 1813.
Ngaphambi kokuba uJane Austen abhale le noveli, izifundo awayesebenza kuzo ngaphambili yayingamatyala okubulala, udlwengulo kunye nokunxila.
Usapho lukaJane Austen lwamcenga ukuba alugcine luyimfihlo utyekelo lwakhe loncwadi. Yathi yakupapashwa, amaNgesi afuna ukwazi ukuba le noveli ibhalwe ngubani. Ade amalungu osapho lwakhe agqibe kwelokuba athi nabani na obhale le noveli imnandi ngowosapho lwakhe.
Kwiinoveli ezintandathu azibhalileyo u-Austen, le yayiyeyona yayithetha ngokugxekwa ngoluntu, olwaluphila ngokudala ukwahlukana phakathi kweendidi ezikhoyo ngelo xesha.
Xa umbhali wayesemncinane kakhulu, kwafuneka aphile amava okuncama uthando ngenxa yezizathu zoqoqosho, into endiyichukumisayo ngandlel’ ithile kule noveli.
UJane Austen akazange akwazi ukutshata njengodade wabo. Ngenkulungwane ye-41, umtshato wawusisicombululo sokufumana ubomi obundilisekileyo. Ngelo xesha, ukuba nendlu etofotofo kwakuyinto eqhelekileyo kumntu osisityebi. Lo mbhali udumileyo wafa eneminyaka engama-18 ubudala, eWinchester eNgilani ngoJulayi 1817, XNUMX.
Ukuqukumbela esi Sishwankathelo simangalisayo sale noveli nguJane Austen, iQhayiya kunye nePrejudice. Siyakumema ukuba ufunde malunga nezinye iinoveli ezinomdla ngokulinganayo ngale linki Ezulwini lam