I-Macaw: Iimpawu, Ukutya kunye nokunye ▷➡️ Postposmo

IMacaw yenye yezona ntaka zinomtsalane ngenxa yeentsiba zayo ezintle, ezimibalabala nemibalabala yazo eyahlukileyo kumbala oluhlaza wehlathi. Umlomo wayo onamandla nomkhulu usebenza njengesixhobo esiluncedo xa kufikwa ekondleni. Kumakhaya amaninzi unokubona kufutshane ubuhle bale ntaka inkenenkene. Fumana ezinye izinto ezininzi ngokuqhubeka ufunda eli nqaku.

i-macaw

I-macaw (Ara) yintaka yodumo olukhulu, eyinxalenye yomyalelo wePsittaciformes kunye nosapho lwePsittacidae. Zibonwa ngeentsiba zazo ezimangalisayo, ezimibala yazo ifanelekele iindawo ezinjengamahlathi akweleenjiko akuMbindi noMzantsi Merika, azele ziingceba eziluhlaza neziqhamo neentyatyambo ezimibalabala. Nangona bekwintsapho enye neeparrots, iimacaw zizidalwa ezineempawu ezikhethekileyo nezahlukileyo.

Izixhobo

Imacaw yintaka eyomeleleyo enentloko enkulu, umlomo otyebileyo nonamandla kunye nomsila omde ngokunxulumene nobukhulu bomzimba wayo. I-macaw iyahluka ngomzimba wayo kwezinye izikhwenene kuba zikhulu, ezinomsila omde ngokungaqhelekanga. Ngokuqinisekileyo, ubukhulu buxhomekeke kwintlobo nganye: incinci iyakwazi ukulinganisa ukusuka kwi-40 ukuya kwi-60 yeesentimitha ubude, ngelixa inkulu inokufikelela kwi-90 okanye i-95 centimeters.

Ngenxa yesi sizathu, ubunzima babo bukwahluka kakhulu, kuba iindidi ezinkulu zifikelela kubunzima obungaphezu kwekhilogram enesiqingatha ngelixa ezona zithobekileyo zihlala zinobunzima obumalunga ne-300 grams. Zinomlomo omde ngokugqithisileyo omile okwegwegwe kunye neenzipho ezineminwe emine, ezimbini ukuya phambili nezimbini ngasemva, zinezikhonkwane ezigobileyo ezizivumela ukuba zibambelele emasebeni emithi, kwimivalo yekheji, okanye nayiphi na into.

Iimacaws zinexesha elide zikho kuba ziyaziwa ngemizekelo edlulileyo kwiminyaka engama-50 yobomi. Bakwabalasele ngobukrelekrele babo, kuba befunda ngokukhawuleza; kwiinyanga ezisi-7 baphinda amagama kwaye ngonyaka omnye banokuqonda oko kuthethwa kubo. Banokufikelela kwisigama esimalunga namagama angama-30.

Iintsiba zayo zibonisa umbala obukhali kunye nokwahlukileyo, nangona iintsiba ezisebusweni bayo azibonakali kangako; amehlo abo ajikelezwe ngamabala amhlophe. Umbala oqaqambileyo weentsiba zawo uqhelekile kolu hlobo, oluhlala luluhlaza, obomvu okanye ophuzi kunye nohlaza okwesibhakabhaka.

Akukho mahluko phakathi kwesini, ekubeni imazi nenkunzi zineentsiba ezifanayo kakhulu yaye akunakutshiwo ukuba esinye isini sikhulu kunesinye. Imizekelo emincinci inokuba neentsiba zombala okhanyayo okanye zibe zincinci, kodwa njengabantu abadala bafikelela kubukhulu obufanayo kunye neentsiba.

Ukutya

IiMacaw zinodidi lokutya okune-omnivorous, kufuneka zitye zonke iintlobo zokutya ukuze zifezekise ukutya kwazo emizimbeni yazo kwaye zihlangabezana neemfuno zazo zokutya ezisemgangathweni. Noko ke, ukutya kwabo kufuneka kusekelwe kwiziqhamo nembewu, yaye basenokubambisa izinambuzane okanye iintshulube. Ekubeni zikhululekile, iimacaw zihamba ziye kufuna eyona mbewu ibalaseleyo, ezikwaziyo ukuyicanda ngoncedo lwemilomo yazo enamandla.

Basenokuya kuzingela ngokuqwalasela indlela yokuziphatha ebenza babelane ngokutya xa ilungu lomhlambi, elifana neemazi ezifukanyelwayo, lingakwazi ukukufumana ngokwalo.

Nangona kunjalo, ekuthinjweni okanye njengezilwanyana zasekhaya, ii-macaws azikwazi ukufumana ukutya okufunekayo, ngoko ke kufuneka zinikwe ukutya okusemgangathweni okufanelekileyo kwiintlobo zazo, ezibonelela ngazo zonke izondlo ezizifunayo. Banokunikwa iziqwenga zeziqhamo ezitsha okanye imifuno ukuncedisana nokutya, kunye phantse nantoni na oyidlayo, ngaphandle kwetshokholethi, iparsley kunye neavokhado, enokubanxilisa.

Amantongomane okanye imbewu, njengojongilanga kunye nembewu yethanga, zenza ukuzonwabisa okubalulekileyo kwezi zilwanyana zinetalente. Basenokuvuzwa ngezinto zokudlala njengento evuselela ubukrelekrele babo.

Ukuziphatha

Imacaw yintaka enesiphiwo kwaye inobuhlobo ehlala ihlanganisana kwimihlambi yabantu abali-10 ukuya kuma-30. Ukukhwaza kwabo okungxolayo, ukutswina kunye nokukhala kwabo kuvakala ehlathini. okwangoku ziyazondla okanye zizilungisa, zithe cwaka kuphela xa zinyamekela amantshontsho azo. Bamele baqeqeshwe ngokufanelekileyo ukuze bangarhali, njengoko banokucaphukisa kakhulu. IiMacaws zisebenzisa amazwi azo ukunxibelelana nomhlambi, ukucanda indawo, kunye nokwazana.

Ukuhlalisana kwabo kuqaqambisa iinyani ezinomdla malunga nabo, njengokuzinyanga, xa iintlobo ezithile zisitya umhlaba ofumileyo okanye udongwe oluzinceda ukuba zithintele iinxalenye zemichiza ekutyeni kwazo okuneziqhamo kwaye zithomalalise izisu zazo, okanye zilingise, apho zilinganisa ilizwi lomntu kwaye ezinye izandi okusingqongileyo okanye umfazi omnye, ukuba sesinye sezilwanyana ezimbalwa ezigcina iqabane lokuzala efanayo ubukho bayo bonke kunye nokwabelana ukutya omnye komnye ukuqinisa bond yabo.

Isebenzisa ulwimi lwayo ukuhlola izinto ezikuyo nokukhupha ukutya, nto leyo ekuthi ulwimi lwayo luyilwe ngothotho lwamathambo. I-hyacinth macaw inolwimi olumnyama olunemigca eqaqambileyo emthubi. Umhlambi wozela emithini ebusuku, yaye kusasa ubhabha imigama emide ukuya kutya iziqhamo, amandongomane, izinambuzane neenkumba.

Impilo kunye nokuVeliswa

Ayiqhelekanga into yokuba i-macaws igule, ingxaki yezempilo ezinokuthi zibe nayo ngamaxesha athile kungenxa yokungakhululeki kwamathumbu okubangelwa ziintsholongwane, okanye xa ziziva zililolo zincothula iintsiba zazo, naxa zingaziva zikhululekile kwindawo ezihlala kuyo. bayaphila. Imisinga yomoya kufuneka iphetshwe kwindawo ekuyo njengoko inokubangela inyumoniya.

Ukuveliswa kwayo ku-oviparous kunye nokuchumisa kwangaphakathi kunye neenkcukacha zokuzala zitshintsha phakathi kweentlobo. Ubukhulu becala zizidalwa ezitshatileyo omnye. Imazi ikhupha amaqanda ama-2 ukuya kwa-3, ngokuqhelekileyo emngxunyeni womthi, apho afukamela khona kangangeeveki ezi-5. Amantshontsho abhabha kwindlwane malunga neentsuku ezingama-90 emva kokuqanduselwa, aze abalahle ngokupheleleyo abazali bawo kwisithuba esingangonyaka kamva. Ukuvuthwa kwabo ngokwesondo kwenzeka malunga neminyaka emi-5 ubudala.

Iintlobo ngeentlobo zeMacaw

Ezi ntaka zasemzini zixatyiswe kakhulu kwaye ukuzingela kwazo okungalawulekiyo kuye kwabangela ukuba iindidi ezithile zeemacaw zibe sesichengeni sokuphela. Njengoko ziqhele ukubhabha kwiqela, amathuba okuba abanjwe aququzelelwa. Kukho iintlobo ezili-17 ezahlukeneyo, ezisibhozo kuzo ezingasekhoyo okanye ezisengozini enkulu.

Kangangeminyaka emininzi babehlelwa ngokwemigangatho emine nje kuphela, kodwa inzululwazi ibisoloko iyihlaziya kwaye isaqhubeka ukuyihlaziya. Kutshanje ziye zadityaniswa zaba ziindidi ezi-6, kodwa kwanaloo nto iyabhidisa kwaye inokulungiswa ngokutsha. Uninzi lwezilwanyana ezifuywayo zivela kwiqela le-Ara, i-Diopsittaca kunye ne-Primolius. Uluhlu esilunikeza apha ngezantsi luhambelana nesini kunye nobukhulu babo.

Uhlobo lweAra

Olu didi lubandakanya ezisi-8 kwiindidi ezili-17. Ezona zibonwa lula ziimacaw ezinkulu nezinemibalabala. Bahluke kubo:

I-macaw eluhlaza negolide (i-Ara ararauna): Yeyona ifunwa kakhulu kwii-macaws, ezinobukhulu obumalunga neesentimitha ezingama-80 kunye nobunzima bekhilogram enye. Iintsiba zayo ziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kwindawo ephezulu, isifuba kunye nesisu sayo sityheli, isilevu sayo siluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kwaye ibunzi layo liluhlaza. Ubuso bayo obumhlophe kunye neentsiba ezimnyama ezithozamileyo ezikhangeleka ngathi zimigca ziyancomeka. Yenye yezona zinto zincinci zikrwadayo, yiyo loo nto ithathwa njengesilwanyana sasekhaya esigqibeleleyo.
IMacaw enamaphiko aluhlaza (Ara chloropterus): Olu didi lolunye lwezona zikhulu malunga neesentimitha ezingama-95 kunye nobunzima obusuka kwi-950 ukuya kwi-1700 grams. Amaphiko ayo enziwe ngemibala emithathu, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, eluhlaza kunye nobomvu, ngelixa umzimba wayo ubomvu, ngaphandle kwesangqa esimhlophe esingenazintsiba ezijikeleze iliso.
I-Scarlet Macaw (Ara macao): Yenye yeendidi ezinkulu ezinobude obuphakathi kweesentimitha ezingama-90 kunye nobunzima obumalunga nekhilogram enye. Umzimba wayo ubomvu ngamaphiko e-tricolor, ebomvu emagxeni kunye nebhendi ephuzi, imibala emibini eyenza igama layo. Iziphelo zamaphiko azo anombala ozuba onzulu kakhulu.

Ezinye iintlobo zeemacaws ezinkulu kweli qela zikwayizilwanyana zasekhaya ezinkulu, kodwa azibonakali kangako ngombala. Zezi:

I-Military macaw (Ara militaris).
Buffon's Macaw (Ara ambigua).

Okokugqibela, eyona ntaka incinci kweli qela, ebonwa ngokubanzi njenge-mini macaw:

I-macaw ebukhali okanye i-chestnut-fronted macaw (Ara severus).: Ihlala ilinganisa malunga ne-46-50 yeesentimitha kunye nobunzima be-300-350 grams, ubukhulu becala buluhlaza kwiintsiba zayo ngaphandle kwamaphiko, ngaphakathi kwayo kubomvu kunye neentsiba eziluhlaza. ngaphandle. Umsila wayo ubomvu nobhlowu.

Uhlobo lwePrimolius

Iimacaw kweli qela zintathu zezona macaw zincinci. Ngexesha elidlulileyo baqukwa kwiqela le-Ara, kwaye kamva kwiqela lePropyrrhura. Bekusandul’ ukuqukwa kweli qela, nangona oku kusaxoxwa. Ngenxa yeepateni zokuthiywa kwamagama kunokubakho okwandulelayo kwiqela lePropyrrhura, ngoko ke elinye igama lingatshintsha. Iindidi ze-macaws ezidibana namhlanje kweli qela:

I-Macaw enentamo ephuzi (Primolius auricollis): Yenye yeentlobo ezincinci, kunye neesentimitha ezingama-39 kunye nobunzima be-250 grams. Igama layo lisuka kwindawo etyheli ejikeleze intamo yayo kwaye iba namandla ngakumbi ngokuhamba kweminyaka. Ezinye iintsiba zayo ziluhlaza kwaye intloko yayo imnyama, ngaphandle kwendawo yamehlo, emhlophe. Ayiqwalaselwa ngabanye njengeentlobo ze-parrot ngenxa yobukhulu bayo obuncinci.
Illiger's Macaw okanye iBlue-winged Macaw (Primolius maracana): Nangona incinci incinci malunga neesentimitha ezingama-40, olu hlobo luvelisa ingxolo enkulu. Inobunzima be-300 grams kwaye phantse yonke into eluhlaza, ngaphandle kwebunzi kunye nesisu, ezibomvu. Indawo engenazintsiba ejikeleze iliso imhlophe, inqatha limnyama, namehlo a-orenji.
IMacaw enentloko eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (Primolius couloni): Yenye yeemacaw ezingaziwayo. Inobude obumalunga neesentimitha ezingama-40 kunye nobunzima begrama ezingama-280, kunye nentsiba eluhlaza yomnquma kunye nentloko eluhlaza. Indawo ephezulu yomsila wayo inombala omdaka kunye namabala aluhlaza kunye nohlaza okwesibhakabhaka kwaye indawo esezantsi inethoni eluhlaza edityaniswe notyheli.

Uhlobo lweDiopsittaca

Ezintathu zezona ntlobo zincinci okanye iimacaws ezincinci zihlangana apha. Ezi ntaka zikwafumaneka rhoqo kuluhlu lweqela le-Ara. Olu luhlu lubandakanya iintlobo ezithathu ezicetywayo zodidi lwemacaw enamagxa abomvu iDiopsittaca nobilis, ezi:

IHahn's Macaw (Diopsittaca nobilis nobilis), eyona ntlobo incinci yokutyumba.
I-Noble Macaw (iDiopsittaca nobilis cumanensis): Yeyona incinci kuzo zonke iimacaws; malunga neesentimitha ezingama-30 kunye nobunzima be-150 grams. Ngenxa yobukhulu bayo kunye nesimilo esinoxolo luhlobo oluthandwayo lwabafuyi. Le ntaka, kunye nezinye iintlobo zayo, inomsila omde. Umzimba wayo uneentsiba eziluhlaza, ezithi xa zisondela entloko zibe mnyama de zibe blue. Amehlo ayo anombala o-orenji, kwaye indawo engqonge umlomo wayo ayinantsiba. Ekukhuleni kwayo, amagxa ayo atshintsha iintsiba zibebomvu.
IMacaw enamaphiko amade (Diopsittaca nobilis longipennis).

Uhlobo lwe-Anodorhynchus

Iimacaws kule ndibano zisengozini kakhulu okanye iintaka ezisengozini yokuphela. Eli qela libandakanya:

IMacaw yeHyacinth (Anodorhynchus hyacinthinus)
I-Macaw eqhelekileyo (i-Anodorhynchus glaucus)
Lear's Macaw (Anodorhynchus leari), ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-Indigo Macaw.

Uhlobo lwe-Orthopsittaca

Akukho macaw encinci kweli qela. Ikwabekwe kwiqela le-Ara, kodwa uninzi lwabasemagunyeni ngoku luyibeka kwi-genus Orthopsittaca. Nangona le macaw kulula ukuyibamba, ukugcinwa kwayo ekuthinjweni kunzima kakhulu ngenxa yokutya okukhethekileyo okungenakuphinda kuvelise kwakhona.

Yadweliswa njengeseMngciphekweni ngo-2007, IUCN, kodwa ukususela ngo-2009 ibekwe kudidi lweNkathalo eNcinci. Kuyabonakala ukuba, ezi macaws zibonakala zininzi ngakumbi kunokuba zicingelwa endle, nangona kunjalo indawo yazo isesichengeni:

I-Red-bellied Macaw (Orthopsittaca manilata): Inxalenye yobuso bayo ngumbala otyheli oqhelekileyo kwaye ayinazintsiba. Inobukhulu obumalunga neesentimitha ezingama-50 kunye nobunzima be-300 ukuya kwi-350 grams. Iintsiba zayo ziluhlaza kwaye ibonisa ibala elibomvu esiswini apho ifumene igama layo. Amagxa kunye nebunzi eliluhlaza kunye nesifuba esikufutshane nengwevu. Ukongeza kwindawo eyodwa emthubi ebusweni, inxalenye yangaphakathi yamaphiko kunye nomsila nawo unaloo mbala.

Uhlobo lweCyanopsitta

Olu didi lubandakanya uhlobo olunye kuphela, oluthi ukongeza ekubeni lunqabile kakhulu luphantsi kwesoyikiso esibalulekileyo:

Spix's Macaw (Cyanopsitta spixii), ekwaziwa njengeBlue Macaw.

Indawo yokuhlala yeMacaw

Indawo yokuhlala yendalo ye-macaws ifumaneka kwiindawo ezishushu kunye namahlathi anje ngeMelika, ngakumbi lawo aseMzantsi Melika, ngelixa iintlobo ezimbalwa zifumaneka kuMbindi Merika, ezinye zifikelela eMexico. Indawo apho inxalenye enkulu ye-macaws igxininise ihambelana ne-Amazon River basin, imida yaseColombia kunye nePanama kunye nemimandla eyahlukeneyo yaseBrazil. Ikwakhona ePeru, eBolivia nase-Ecuador.

Nakuba kunjalo, olona didi lwaziwayo, iscarlet macaw, lunwenwela kuMbindi Merika ukuya kutsho kwiAmazon. Icala elilodwa lilo le-macaw eluhlaza, ekubeni inokusabalalisa okungaqhelekanga, ekubeni itholakala eMexico, kwiindawo zaseVenezuela naseArgentina, mhlawumbi ngenxa yokuba imisebenzi yabantu iye yahlula kwaye yahlula abantu bayo.

Iindawo ezihlala iimacaw kwihlathi elinye lamahlathi ashinyeneyo ziyatshintsha phakathi kwezinto eziphilayo, ngokomzekelo, iiscarlet macaw zihlala kumathafa, ngoxa iired-bellied macaw zikwimigxobhozo.

I-Hyacinth macaws iya kuhamba kunye namaxesha onyaka, isuka kwi-canopy evulekile yehlathi ukuya kwihlathi lesundu elivuthiweyo, kwaye emva koko ukuya kwindawo evulekile ngakumbi yemigxobhozo enengca. Kukho iimeko zeemacaws, ezifana ne-red-fronted, ezihlala kwindawo eziphantse zibe yintlango apho zihlala kwimingxuma okanye kwimingxuma kwiindonga zemiwonyo kunye ne-yellow-necked macaw ehlala kwiindawo ezinengca.

Izilwanyana

Ixesha apho ezi ntaka zijongene namarhamncwa kuxa zibhabha ngokupheleleyo. Iintaka ezinkulu zezona nobangela woku. Phakathi kwezona zixhaphazi zixhaphakileyo zemacaws sifumana iifalcon ezinebreasted orenji (Falco deiroleucus), hawk-eagles (Nisaetus cirrhatus) kunye nokhozi (Harpia harpyja).

abantu abakhohlakeleyo

Ngaphandle kwelizwe leentaka, abantu bakwangamaxhoba aqhelekileyo eBlue and Gold Macaws. Abantu baya kukhangela ezi ndidi, ezizezi zintsiba zazo ezimibalabala nenyama, ezi zamva zisetyenziselwa ukutya. Bakwasoloko bebanjwa ngokungekho mthethweni ngabantu ukuze bathengiswe njengezilwanyana zasekhaya.

Imithi kunye Dodge Predators

IiMacaws eziBlue kunye neGolide zihlala kwimingxunya yemithi, apho zikulungeleyo ukusebenzisa imithi ephakame kakhulu, eyindlela yokuzifihla kuyo nayiphi na imiceli mngeni emikhulu. Kwakhona zidla ngokuzifihla kwiziqu ezingenanto zemithi engaphiliyo. Iimacaw eziluhlaza kunye negolide ziintlobo zokulumka okukhulu, ngokungathandabuzekiyo nolona phawu lobungozi, zibhabhela phezulu kwangoko ngelixa zitswina rhoqo kwaye zingxola.

Njengeqabane lesilwanyana

Ekuthinjweni ezi ntaka zizilwanyana ezicocekileyo nezikhathalela ucoceko lwazo. Kufuneka nje sibanikeze isikhongozeli esinamanzi ashushu ukuze bahlambe kwaye bazicoce xa bebona kuyimfuneko. Intaka yolu didi akufuneki ikhuhlwe okanye icocwe emntwini, njengoko singonakalisa iintsiba zayo. Iimacaw yenye yezona ntaka zintle ezikhoyo ngenxa yemibala eqaqambileyo yeentsiba zazo. Zizilwanyana ezikrelekrele kakhulu kwaye, ngaphandle kwento yokuba ziyakwazi ukuhlala ngokukhululekileyo, ziye zibe zizilwanyana zasekhaya ezithandekayo.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukuzala ekuthinjweni kwezi zilwanyana akulula, kodwa kuya kusiba nempumelelo ngakumbi. Okokuqala, isibini esikhethiweyo kufuneka sibe nobudlelwane obuhle, kuba kungenjalo kungavela imilo phakathi kwabo. Ukukhuthaza imvisiswano, zinokufakwa kwiikheji ezidityanisiweyo kangangexesha elithile ukuze ziqhelaniswe.

Iikheji zabo kufuneka zibenendawo eyaneleyo kunye nebhokisi yendlwane yobuncinci i-60 x 60 x 90 yeesentimitha okanye isiqu somthi esinomgongxo. Ngexesha lokuzala kunye nendlwane yamkelwe ngaba babini, baya kuyibumba ngemilomo yabo kwaye baya kungena xa befuna ukuqala inkqubo. Ezi ntaka zibeka umyinge wamaqanda amathathu okanye amane, okuthi imazi iwafukamele kwisithuba esimalunga neentsuku ezingama-24 ukuya kwezingama-28. Emva kweenyanga ezintathu okanye ezine amantshontsho aya kuphuma endlwaneni aze abazali bawo bawondle.

Imeko yolondolozo

Imeko yazo zonke iindidi zeemacaw eziphila endle iyaxhalabisa. Uninzi lwazo ziintaka ezisengozini enkulu kwaye zisengozini yokuphela. Ngenxa yomxube wemibandela, kuquka ukutshatyalaliswa kwamahlathi ashushu kunye nemekobume yawo yendalo, ukuzingela nokuqokelelana ngenjongo yorhwebo lwezilwanyana ezifuywayo, zonke iimacaw zizinto ekujoliswe kuzo zolondolozo kwaye zibonakala kuLuhlu oluBomvu lweZilwanyana eziseMngciphekweni we-IUNC.

Ezinye iindidi zeemacaw azisekho, yaye isibini esithile asikhange sibonwe kangangeminyaka emininzi yaye sigqalwa njengengasekhoyo okanye sele sisondele ekubhangisweni. Zonke zibonisa iimpawu zokuhla kwabantu bazo, ngoko ke zithathwa njengeentaka ezisemngciphekweni, zisongelwa, zingenakuzikhusela okanye zinenkxalabo. Namhlanje Uluhlu oluBomvu lwe-IUNC lweentlobo ezisengozini lubonisa ukuba i-2 yeentlobo ze-macaw zisengozini enkulu (CR), i-3 isengozini (i-En), i-1 i-Nearthreated (NT), i-2 i-Defenceless (VU), kunye ne-9 Minor. Inkxalabo (LC).

Ukufuya iimacaw ezivalelweyo kuluncedo ekulondolozeni iintlobo ezithile zezilwanyana nasekunciphiseni inani leentaka zasendle ezibanjiweyo. Nangona kunjalo, ezi ntaka ziyi-monomorphic, oku kuthetha ukuba isini sabo asinakuchazwa ngokuphawula okanye umbala weentsiba zabo. Ukuze zizale ngempumelelo, isini sezi ntaka sinokubonwa ngokwenziwa utyando, i-endoscopy, uvavanyo lweDNA okanye uphononongo lwechromosomal.

Ubudlelwane nabantu

IiMacaws zithathwa njengezilwanyana ezifuywayo ezingaqhelekanga, kuba zinomtsalane omkhulu kungekuphela nje ngenxa yembonakalo enemibala, kodwa nangenxa yokuba ziyadlala kwaye zithambile. Bakwanexesha elide leshelufu kwaye bomelele kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, amazwi abo anokuba phezulu kakhulu, kwaye bathanda ukuhlafuna nayiphi na into abanokufikelela kuyo. Zonke ii-macaws zifuna intlalontle kunye noqeqesho oluqhubekayo ukuze zibe zizilwanyana zasekhaya ezintle.

Xa ukhetha intaka njengesilwanyana sasekhaya, into yokuqala okumele uyigcine engqondweni yintlobo ze-macaws kwaye uchaze ukuba yeyiphi eyona nto ifanelekileyo kwindlela yakho yokuphila. Ukwakhiwa kwe-macaw kunye nendawo eya kuyidinga, iindleko zokuyithenga, kunye neendleko zokuyigcina yingqwalasela ebalulekileyo. Iintlobo ezincinci, nangona zingenambala kakhulu, zifuna indawo encinci kwaye iindleko ezihambelana nazo zisenokuthi zingaphantsi kunezo zeentlobo ezinkulu okanye imixube.

Omnye umba ofanelekileyo yimeko yolondolozo. Inani le macaws liyakhula ngenxa ye aviculture, kodwa ayizizo zonke iindidi ze macaws endle ezibangela ixhala kwaye uninzi ziintaka ezisemngciphekweni wokuphela. Iimacaws, ezizintaka ezisesichengeni kakhulu kwaye azimiselwanga ngokuqinileyo ekuthinjweni, akufuneki zigcinwe zodwa njengezilwanyana zasekhaya.

Endaweni yoko, ezi macaw kufuneka zidityaniswe ngeenjongo zokufuya ukunceda ukuqinisekisa ukuzinza kwezi ndidi kwixesha elizayo. Izoyikiso eziphezulu ziqhelekile zinqabile kwaye zihlala zibiza kakhulu, kwaye ezinye azifumaneki.

Imbali yeNdawo yasekhaya

IiMacaws ziye zasekwa ngokubanzi njengezilwanyana zasekhaya iminyaka emininzi, kwaye ezinye iirekhodi zibonisa ukuba i-Green-winged Macaw inokuthi igcinwe njengenkulungwane ye-1970 okanye ngaphambili. ULyndon L. Hargrove uphonononga amakhonkco okuqala kunye ne-macaws kwincwadi yakhe ethi Comparative Osteology of Mexican Macaws, eyabhalwa ngo-1536. Ubhekisa kubantu bomthonyama bango-XNUMX ababehlala kwimimandla ngoku ebizwa ngokuba yiNew Mexico ne-Arizona, “ngokutshintshiselana ngeentsiba zesikhwenene ukuze zifumane ukutya. amatye aluhlaza emntla.

Ngowe-1716, umfundisi waseSpeyin, uBawo Verlarde, wanikela ingxelo yokuba iiparrothi ezininzi “amaIndiya asePima aphakama ngenxa yeentsiba zawo ezintle... Eminye imibhalo yamandulo ikwabonisa ukuba ezinye izizwe ezifana nezizwe zomthonyama zazifuye iimacaw kwaye zisebenzise iintsiba zazo njengemihombiso. Kwakhona baphawula ukubaluleka konqulo phakathi komlindi waseIndiya kunye nemacaw, nto leyo ethetha ukuba umntu ongaziphethe kakuhle akanako ukugcina iscarlet macaw.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YB9KQjABjS0

Mhlawumbi enye yeengxelo ezinomdla kakhulu ze-macaws yile yabemi baseBrazil. Kwiminyaka elikhulu eyadlulayo, abemi bomthonyama baxhwila usiba olubomvu baza bosulela lo mmandla ngolwelo lwesele okanye lwesele. Usiba olulandelayo oluza kuzalwa luya kuba liorenji eliqaqambileyo okanye elityheli. Ngaphandle komonakalo wexeshana kwisibambo sosiba, ipeni entsha yayinexabiso eliphezulu.

Amanani amakhulu ee-macaws eziswe eUnited States naseYurophu apho aye agcinwa njengezilwanyana zasekhaya ukususela ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yama-1900. Iintlobo ngeentlobo ze macaws zazidume kakhulu ekuqaleni kweminyaka yoo XNUMXs, kodwa ngenxa yokuba ezi ntaka zazisoloko zithengiswa ngokwahlukeneyo kwaye kwakunzima ukuzibona ngokwesini sazo, ukuzala kwakungeyonto iphambili ekuqaleni. Eli xesha lingaphinda libone ukuba umdla kwiiparrothi ezinkulu wavuka kwaye wawa kunye nokujika kwimisitho yesizwe.

Ulimo lweparrot luye lwachatshazelwa kokubini kokuvutha kwehlabathi kunye neziqephu ezininzi zokuqhambuka kwezifo ezinxulumene neentaka. Emva kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II, ngokuhamba ngenqwelo-moya okungabizi mali ininzi, ukuthengwa kwamanye amazwe kwanda. Ukugcina izikhwenene ezinkulu kwakhona kuthandeka kakhulu. Iiparrothi zazo zonke iintlobo zafika ngobuninzi e-United States, zikhuthaza ukulima kunye nokuzalana. Okwangoku ukungeniswa kweentaka kumazwe angaphandle kunqongophele kakhulu, kodwa iintlobo ezininzi zezilwanyana zikhuliswa ngempumelelo ekuthinjweni kwaye iimacaws zifikeleleka ngokulula.

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