IGorongosa National Park yindawo yendalo ekhuselweyo eseMozambique (eAfrika) kwaye nguvimba wezilwanyana zasendle kunye nokwandiswa kwe-4000 square kilometers. Le paki ilikhaya kwinani lezinto eziphilayo ezahlukeneyo, kuquka ihlathi elomileyo, i-savannah, imigxobhozo, kunye namahlathi aselunxwemeni. Le mixokomelwano yendalo iyikhaya leentlobo ngeentlobo zezilwanyana, ezinye zazo ezisengozini yokuphela.
Kule minyaka, iinzame zenziwe ukukhusela nokubuyisela i-biodiversity yendawo, kwaye namhlanje, ipaki iyindawo eyaziwayo kubahambi abafuna amava e-safari angenakulibaleka. Kweli nqaku sikumema kuhambo olukhethekileyo: i IGorongosa National Park, umthombo wezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo nezifundo zenzululwazi.
Historia
I-Gorongosa National Park iye yafumana utshintsho oluninzi ngokuhamba kwexesha. Ngeminyaka yoo-1960 kunye no-1970, iGorongosa yayiyenye yezona ndawo zinomtsalane kubakhenkethi eAfrika. Nangona kunjalo, ungquzulwano lwezobupolitika nemfazwe yamakhaya eMozambiki (1977-1992) ikhokelele ekuwohlokeni kwepaki, ukutshatyalaliswa nokubona izilwanyana nezityalo ziyancipha. Ngokunjalo, iziseko zophuhliso zatshatyalaliswa kakhulu kwaye isiphumo sakho konke oku konakala kwakhokelela kwisiphumo esingenakuthintelwa: ukuncitshiswa kwenani labatyeleli kule paki.
Kodwa ngethamsanqa oku akuzange kuhlale kunjalo ngeminyaka yee-1990 imisebenzi yokubuyisela yaphunyezwa ukusuka epakini eyavumela ukuvuselela i-patrimony yayo yendalo. Kungelo xesha apho lo vimba wenziwa ngokusesikweni kwaze kwasekwa iGorongosa National Park, eyona njongo yayo yayikukuphinda kwakhiwe lo mmandla kuwo onke amanqanaba, kuvuselelwe intlobo-ntlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana eziphilayo kunye nokukhuthaza uphuhliso lwayo oluzinzileyo.
Ibingengomsebenzi ulula kwaye ithethe iminyaka apho iintlobo zezilwanyana ziye zaziswa ngokuqhubekayo ukuze zizalise iindawo ezahlukeneyo. Utyalo-mali lwezoqoqosho oluqulethwe lubuyiselo lwenkqubo yokuphilisana kwendalo luye lwaba lukhulu njengoko luyimfuneko, kwaye ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo, lufanelekile. Akukho kude kangako kulo msebenzi ngumceli mngeni wokuvuselela izilwanyana ezazisengozini yokuphela, apho, ngokomzekelo, iinyathi okanye indlovu yaseAfrika ziye zaziswa.
Iintlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo
Ukuba kukho into ebonakalisa le paki inomtsalane, yeyayo iintlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo. Likhaya kuluhlu olubanzi lwezilwanyana kunye nezityalo, ezisasazwa kwiindawo zokuhlala ezahlukeneyo ngaphakathi kwepaki, kubandakanya ama-savannah, amahlathi, imilambo kunye nemigxobhozo. Apha sikhankanya ezona ntlobo zeempawu ezikhoyo eGorongosa:
- Izilwanyana ezanyisayo ezinkulu: Le paki ilikhaya leentlobo ngeentlobo zezilwanyana ezanyisayo ezikhulu, eziquka iindlovu zaseAfrika, iinyathi zaseAfrika, iingonyama, amahlosi, iimvubu, imikhombe emnyama, iinyamakazi ezifana nee-impala, iikudu kunye neeland, kunye nezilwanyana ezinkulu ezitya utyani ezifana namaqwarhashe neendlulamthi.
- Izilwanyana: Ngaphandle kweengonyama namahlosi, iGorongosa likhaya lezinye izilwanyana ezizingelayo, eziquka iingcuka, oodyakalashe, izinja zasendle (izinja zasendle zaseAfrika), neengwenkala (nangona zimbalwa).
- Iintaka: Le paki yiparadesi yabathandi beentaka, eneentlobo ezingaphezu kwama-500 ezibhalisiweyo. Phakathi kweentaka ezikhoyo eGorongosa kukho i-osprey, i-martial eagle, ixhalanga elithweswe isithsaba, ixhalanga lase-Afrika, i-carmine bee-eater, i-trumpeter hornbill, phakathi kwezinye.
- Izirhubuluzi kunye nezilwanyana ezihlala emanzini: Ukwahlukana kwezilwanyana ezirhubuluzayo kunye nezilwanyana ezihlala emanzini nasemanzini eGorongosa nako kuyamangalisa. Iindidi ezinjengeengwenya, iinyoka ezinjenge-reticulated python kunye ne-green mamba, kunye neentlobo zamasele kunye namaxoxo zinokufunyanwa.
- Flora: IGorongosa likhaya leentlobo ngeentlobo zezityalo, eziquka imithi, amatyholo, amathafa engca kunye nezityalo zasemanzini. Iintlobo eziphawulekayo ziquka i-African baobab, i-acacia, i-African palm, i-mopane, kunye ne-jacaranda.
Iyantlukwano yebhayoloji kaGorongosa sisiphumo sobuchule bendawo ekuyo, imbonakalo yomhlaba eyahlukileyo, kunye neenzame zolondolozo ezithe zaqhutywa kwipaki ekhankanywe ngasentla. Ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo, umphumo uye waba nomtsalane yaye unomtsalane wamakhulu abakhenkethi ehlabathini lonke.
I-Gorongosa National Park: umthombo wezinto eziphilayo ezahlukeneyo kunye nezifundo zenzululwazi
Ukulungiswa kwenzululwazi okuvuswe ngulo vimba mkhulu wendalo kuhlala kukude kakhulu. Iyantlukwano yendalo engakholelekiyo iyenza ibe yindawo ekhethekileyo yophando lwezenzululwazi, nto leyo ekhokelele ekubeni iGorongosa National Park ibe yindawo ebalulekileyo. iziko lophando lwenzululwazi kunye nolondolozo, ezitsalwa ziingcali zebhayoloji, izazi ngendalo kunye nezinye iingcali ezivela kwihlabathi liphela.
IGorongosa National Park ngoku ilikhaya kwiintlobo ezininzi zophando lwezenzululwazi oluqhubekayo. Kukho iiprojekthi ezininzi zophando eziphuhliswayo apho:
- Los izifundo zezinto ezahlukeneyo eziphilayo baphanda ngezityalo nezilwanyana zale paki, bebhala iintlobo zezilwanyana kunye nokusebenzisana kwazo kwi-ecosystem.
- Las uphando lolondolozo zijolise ekukhuseleni nasekubuyiselweni kweendawo zokuhlala eziphambili, kunye nolawulo oluzinzileyo lwemithombo yendalo.
- Los izifundo zokuziphatha kwezilwanyana bahlalutya unxibelelwano lwentlalo, iipateni zokufuduka kunye nemikhwa yokutya kweentlobo zeempawu ezifana neendlovu kunye neengonyama.
- Ukongeza, ziyenziwa uphando ngefuthe lokutshintsha kwemozulu epakini, ukuhlalutya iimpendulo zendalo kunye neentlobo zotshintsho lwendalo.
Ulondolozo
IGorongosa National Park yinkokeli kwiinkqubo zolondolozo eAfrika. Uzinzo sesinye sezibophelelo ezinkulu zenkqubo yolondolozo lwepaki, yiloo nto kuye kwenziwa iinzame ezinkulu zokubandakanya uluntu lwasekuhlaleni kwimfundo kunye nokukhuselwa kweentlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo.
Ukongeza, inkqubo yophando yexesha elide iye yasekwa epakini, ejolise ekuqondeni i-ecosystem yendawo kunye neentlobo. Ulwazi olufunyenweyo lusetyenziselwa ukuphucula ulawulo lwepaki nokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko oluqhubekayo lwezityalo nezilwanyana zale ndawo.
Utyelelo lwabakhenkethi
Ipaki yeSizwe yaseGorongosa inika abakhenkethi iindidi ngeendidi zamava ukuze bawonwabele. Kulabo bafuna i-safari engalibalekiyo, ipaki yindawo efanelekileyo yokuhlola izilwanyana zasekhaya kunye neentyatyambo ngejee okanye kwiihambo ezikhokelwayo.
Ukongeza, ipaki inika ithuba lokukhwela ibhayisekile okanye ukukhwela iphenyane kwimilambo yale paki. Ungandwendwela uluntu lwasekuhlaleni kwaye ufunde ngobomi bemihla ngemihla eMozambique.
Ukuba ucinga ukuya eGorongosa kukho izinto ezininzi ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzazi:
- Ukufikelela epakini kulinganiselwe kwaye kuvunyelwe kuphela kwi-4 × 4 izithuthi. Ukuze ubani afike epakini, ufanele athabathe inqwelo-moya esuka eMaputo aye eChimoio, aze emva koko athabathe ibhayisekile, imoto, okanye inqwelo-moya encinane ukuya kumnyango wepaki.
- Kwakhona kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba ngenxa yemozulu yayo yetropiki, Elona xesha lilungileyo lokutyelela iGorongosa liphakathi kweenyanga zikaMeyi no-Okthobha.
Ilitye lendalo ekufuneka libonwe
IGorongosa National Park lilitye lendalo laseAfrika, lineentlobo ngeentlobo zendalo kunye nenani elikhulu leentlobo zezilwanyana. Ngenxa yemigudu yokulondoloza nokubuyisela kule paki ukutyhubela iminyaka, izinto eziphilayo zale ndawo ziye zalondolozwa yaye ziye zakwazi ukuchacha. Kwabo banomdla kwizilwanyana zasendle zase-Afrika kunye nokhenketho lwendalo, iGorongosa yindawo ekunyanzelekileyo ukuba uyindwendwele.
Kwaye kwezona nzululwazi zinethamsanqa iiprojekthi zabo zamkelweyo kule ndawo, baya kubona iinkxalabo zabo kunye neenjongo zabo zobuchwephesha zanelisekile kunye neemvakalelo zabo.
Nokuba siyintoni na isizathu sotyelelo lwakho, iya kuba liphupha elizalisekileyo.