Dariya - wannan magana ta abokantaka a fuskar da dukkanmu muke hangowa kawai ta hanyar fitar da kalmar - abu ne da dukkanmu muke tunanin mun sani sosai. Duk da haka, a bayan wannan magana akwai wasu dalilai na motsin rai, zamantakewa, tunani da ma cututtukan da ke inganta shi. Bugu da kari, ba wai kawai dan Adam ba ne, ana kuma lura da shi a cikin sauran dabbobi kamar chimpanzees, karnuka har ma da berayen.
Dariya amsa ce ta ilimin lissafi ga abubuwan motsa jiki na waje da na ciki waɗanda ke haifar da motsin rai, wanda ba lallai bane ya zama farin ciki.. Akwai wasu dalilai da yawa don yin dariya, don haka a cikin wannan labarin za mu bayyana dalilin da yasa muke dariya da kuma menene. Nau'in dariya da ma'anarta.
Menene dariya?
Dariya amsa ce ta physiological wanda ke haifar da motsa jiki na waje da na ciki wanda ke haifar da motsin rai.. Wannan motsin rai ko kuzari yana buƙatar jiki ya sake shi kuma "leak" yana faruwa ta hanyar dariya.
Yanayin fuska ne da tsokar fuska ke samun sauki, inda ake yin motsi da yawa kuma mafi shaharar su ne na baki, kunci da idanu. Yana tsammanin fitowar jerin sautunan jeri na sauti iri ɗaya da ake maimaitawa kowane miliyon 210.
Yana canza tsarin numfashi (kuncin numfashi) kuma idan dariya ta kasance mai gaskiya kuma tana iya canza tsarin gastrointestinal (shahararriyar kalmar "cikina yana ciwo da dariya"), yana haifar da jajayen kunci da idanu masu ruwa, duk suna ƙarƙashin ikon masu cin gashin kansu. tsarin juyayi.
Yankunan kwakwalwa suna shiga cikin dariya
Dariya - kamar kowace amsawar ilimin halittar jiki - abu ne mai rikitarwa, duk da cewa mun fuskanci shi a matsayin wani abu mai sauƙi da maras lokaci. Ya ƙunshi kunna wurare masu yawa na kwakwalwa, canjin tsarin numfashi da na ciki da aka riga aka ambata, kuma yana tare da sakin hormones daban-daban.
Hanyoyin jijiyoyi da ake kunnawa yayin dariya sun bambanta dangane da irin dariyar da ke faruwa.. A cikin sharuddan gabaɗaya, zamu iya cewa akwai manyan sassan kwakwalwa guda uku waɗanda ke da hannu wajen fitar da dariya: Yankin Wernicke, tsarin lada, da cortex na prefrontal. Haɗin haɗin waɗannan yankuna yana buƙatar sa hannu na wasu yankuna, kamar hippocampus, ganglia basal, da Nucleus Accumbens.
- El Yankin Wernicke Shi ne babban yanki na fahimtar harshe, wanda kunna shi yana da mahimmanci a cikin hulɗar zamantakewa, wanda zai kasance - a cikin wasu - yanayin da ke inganta dariya.
- El yankin prefrontal yana da hannu wajen yanke hukunci da kuma hana wasu martani na son rai, kamar guje wa dariya a cikin yanayin da bai dace ba.
- El hijabi wajibi ne a yi amfani da ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar rayuwa wanda zai sa mu haɗa ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya zuwa abin da aka karɓa kuma "yanke shawara" idan yana da ban dariya ko a'a.
- Kuma basal ganglia y tsakiya accumens Su yankuna ne na tsarin limbic wanda ke da hannu a cikin sarrafawa da kuma tsara motsin zuciyarmu, mahimmanci don ƙaddamar da farin ciki, ƙyama, da dai sauransu. wanda zai haifar da dariya (saboda kuma mutum yana iya yin dariya saboda kyama ko bacin rai, kamar yadda za mu gani a cikin layin da ke gaba).
- El tsarin lada -kamar yadda sunansa ya ce- wani yanki ne na yankuna da ke da hannu wajen samar da amsa mai gamsarwa ga wani abin motsa jiki da kwakwalwa ke kimantawa a matsayin ladan bukatu ko buri, ta haka ne ke haifar da jin dadi ko wadata. Yana kunna ta duka buƙatun physiological (kamar cin abinci, fitsari, da dai sauransu) da kuma masu motsin rai (wani abin ban dariya wanda ke sa mu dariya, alal misali) kuma a kowane hali wannan jin dadi da jin dadi yana haifar da hormones wanda ke haifar da shi. ana fitar da su ta sakamakon aiwatar da wannan tsarin, wadanda su ne: da dopamine, endorphins y oxytocin.
Sauran dabbobin da ba na mutane ba su ma dariya
Kun karanta da kyau, dariya ba amsa ba ce keɓancewar ɗan adam. An ga cewa sauran dabbobin da suka sami sauye-sauyen ilimin zamantakewa su ma suna dariya, kamar chimpanzees, da karnuka ko beraye Dukkanmu muna cikin tunanin gama gari abin tunawa da waɗannan dabbobin tare da dariya a kusurwoyinsu suna nuna haƙoransu cewa, wani lokaci, ɗan ban dariya ne kuma ɗimbin memes na waɗannan dabbobin "dariya" suna yawo a kan hanyoyin sadarwa.
Ya kamata a lura da cewa a cikin dabbobi dariya ba ko da yaushe bayyana na son zuciya ko farin ciki. a wasu lokuta (kuma wannan an gani sosai zo primates) dariya nuna hakora ne a alamar tashin hankali da alamar yanki. A kowane hali -ciki har da mutane - dariya tana aiki a matsayin "manne zamantakewa" kamar yadda hanya ce ta sadarwa tsakanin daidaikun mutane da ke daidaita yanayin zamantakewa.
Amfanin Dariya
Dariya tana inganta lafiya, babu shakka. Bincike ya nuna cewa dariya (a zahiri) yana inganta tsarin rigakafi kuma yana tsawaita rayuwa. Dangane da na karshen, akwai wasu cece-kuce, amma abin da yake a fili shi ne, idan dariya ta inganta lafiya, da alama za mu yi tsawon rai da ingantacciyar rayuwa.
A gaskiya ma, ana amfani da dariya azaman kayan aikin warkewa da kuma maganin dariya a wasu yanayi na asibiti don inganta lafiyar marasa lafiya. Muna ganin shi a cikin sassan yara na yara akai-akai ta hanyar wasan kwaikwayo, a cikin cibiyoyin tsofaffi, da sauransu. Dariya tana haifar da yanayi mai daɗi wanda ke rage tashin hankali kuma ya sa wasan kwaikwayo ya zama ƙasa da wasan kwaikwayo, wanda ya cancanci sakewa.
An ga haka yana taimakawa wajen yaki da damuwa da damuwa, yana hana cututtukan zuciya, inganta yanayin jini, kunna kwakwalwa da inganta dangantaka da wasu da kuma kai.
Dariya tana da aikin zamantakewa
Duk a cikin mutane da sauran dabbobi, dariya tana cika babban aiki kuma shine yin aiki azaman a mai gudanarwa na zamantakewa. Don haka, dariyar juyin halitta ta kai ga zamaninmu domin tsari ne na daidaita al'umma.
Yana zama hanyar sadarwa don isar da tausayi, ƙiyayya ko ƙiyayya, da kuma haifar da sha'awar jima'i. Akwai nau'ikan dariya da yawa tare da ayyuka daban-daban dangane da mahallin kuma shi ya sa za mu yi muku cikakken bayani a ƙasa. nau'ikan dariya da ma'anarsu
Nau'in dariya da ma'anarsu
Na gaba za mu ga cewa dariya na iya haifar da sakamako mai kyau ko mara kyau, yana iya zama kayan aiki (tare da manufa) har ma yana iya zama sakamakon rashin lafiya.
Dariya daga ciki ko gaskiya
Ana la'akari irin dariya mafi gaskiya. Har ila yau, shi ne mafi wuyar sha'awa, tun da yake yana da matukar ban sha'awa mai ban sha'awa don fara dariya daga ciki da kuma shayar da iska, wanda shine abin da ke kwatanta irin wannan dariya. Kasancewa sakamakon tabbataccen amsawar motsin rai, yana da fa'idodin kiwon lafiya da yawa.
dariya
Ita ce mafi girman bayyanar dariyar gaskiya. Yana da "fashe da dariya" domin wani abin motsa rai ya "taba mu cikin zuciya" ta hanya mai tsanani. Haihuwar wannan dariyar ya samo asali ne saboda idan muna dariya muna fitar da numfashi ko tsotsa ta hanci. Kusan kashi 25% na mata ne da kashi 33% na maza.
dariya mai ban tsoro
Dariya ce fanko wanda ke tasowa daga mahallin kuma ba tare da motsa jiki da ke tayar da shi ba. Shin yaro y babba, kuma sau da yawa bai dace ba. Yana tare da halayen halayen da suka danganci kafa kafadu, rufe baki da ƙoƙarin ɓoyewa. Yana bayyana ta mutanen da ke da lalacewar kwakwalwa ko kuma m psychosis.
Da'a ko dariyar zamantakewa
Dariya ce da ke aiki azaman hanyar daidaita zamantakewa. Yana tasowa a cikin aiki ko abokantaka a cikin abin da dariya yana aiki azaman mai ƙarfafa dangantakaBa a mayar da martani ga wani abu mai ban dariya ba. Dariya ce kawai ta shiga cikin rukunin jama'a.
Dariya mai yaduwa
Hankali yana yaduwa don haka dariya ma. da madubi neurons zai mayar da martani ga wannan al'amari na zamantakewa wanda ake ci gaba da dariya a cikin rukuni daga farkon dariyar da ke haifar da ita. Yana ba mu dariya idan muka ga wani yana dariya, duk mun dandana shi.
dariya mara karewa
Dariya ce da ke tashi ba tare da katsewa ba ga wanda ya fitar da ita, ta yadda da zarar an fara ta Ba za ku iya tsayawa ba. A hankali yana ƙaruwa da ƙarfi kuma yana kaiwa ga wani nau'i mai ban mamaki "halin da ake ciki syncope".
Dariya tayi don kawar da damuwa
Yana farawa ba tare da bata lokaci ba kamar dariyar ciki amma baya mayar da martani ga abin ban dariya amma ga yanayin damuwa. A cikin ilimin halin dan Adam ana kiran wannan "Comic relief" kuma aikin a cikin wannan yanayin a bayyane yake: don kawar da tashin hankali na kwayoyin halitta a cikin matsalolin da aka fuskanta.
Dariya mai jijiya
Yana tasowa saboda dalili daya da na baya, sai dai kawai dariya ce mara kyau. Amsa abubuwan damuwa kuma yana tsammanin ƙoƙari na sumewar mu don rage damuwa kamar yadda yake.
dariya shiru
Ana iya tunanin cewa wata nau'in dariya ce da ke tasowa sakamakon abin da ke tattare da ita a cikin sararin da dariya ba zai dace ba. Amma ba abin da ake nufi da shi ba ne, “dariyar joker” ce. wata irin dariyar da ke ba da wani nau'i na dakatarwa wanda zai haifar da sakin dariya a cikin jama'a. Ana amfani da shi a cikin zaman maganin dariya da kuma a cikin azuzuwan yoga dariya.
sardonic dariya
Dariya ce Yana tasowa ne sakamakon ciwon fuska kuma wanda ya bayyana ba a zahiri yana dariya ba. Yana faruwa a cikin marasa lafiya waɗanda ke yin kwangilar tetanus, inda kamuwa da gubar kwayoyin cutar tetanus ke haifar da gurguncewar tsokoki a ko'ina cikin jiki, ciki har da fuska, wanda ke haifar da bayyanar cututtuka. murmushi mai fadin baki.
tattabara dariya
Dariya ce ta nuna dariya bata bude baki ba. Ana yawan aiwatar da shi a ciki maganin dariya ko a cikin azuzuwan yoga dariya.
Dariya gwangwani ko gwangwani
Tabbas dukkanmu mun tuna da waɗancan dariyar da ake ji a cikin jerin barkwanci na talabijin. Dariyar gwangwani ko gwangwani kenan: rikodin dariya na gaske wanda aka sanya a cikin mahallin ban dariya zai inganta ko sauƙaƙe dariyar mai kallo, daidai saboda -kamar yadda aka fada a layin da suka gabata- dariya yana yaduwa.
Dariyar mugunta ko batanci
Dariya m, m o mugunta, dariya ce mai nisa daga ingantacciyar motsin rai- Manufarsa ita ce yin izgili ko yin ba'a ga wani, barin su a cikin shaida ta hanyar "dariya".
dariyar spastic
Yana da dariyar da ba a kula da ita ba wacce ke faruwa a hankali - a sigar "dariya daidai" - a cikin rashin kuzari ko ma cikin yanayin bakin ciki, a gaban mummunan labari, inda aka ba da shi a matsayin "dariyar zafi".
Akwai sanadin jijiya da kuma wasu lokuta na tabin hankali na wannan lamari: shi ne na hali magana na pseudobulbar ciwo (cutar neurodegenerative); Pathology na "The Joker", Jarumi na fim ɗin kwanan nan wanda ke ɗauke da suna iri ɗaya wanda Joaquin Phoenix ya buga.
Dariya ko tashin hankali
Yana da dariya stereotypical wacce ba ta amsa ga mahallin yanayi kuma martani ne ga a nau'in ciwon farfadiya ba kasafai ba. Abin dariya ne kwatsam wanda zai iya kasancewa tare da rikice-rikice na tsarin juyayi mai cin gashin kansa, har ma da canje-canje a cikin yanayin hankali, wanda zai iya kaiwa ga Suma.