Filayen Amazon na Peruvian shine abin da aka sani da Selva Baja, gandun daji na Amazonian ko Omagua. Wannan yanki yana da tsayi tsakanin mita 80 zuwa 500 sama da matakin teku. Hakanan ana kiran ƙananan dajin da sunan 'yan asalin ƙasar Omagua, wanda ke nufin "yankin kifi na ruwa", godiya ga ichthyofauna mai arziki na manyan koguna da ke haye shi. Ina gayyatar ku don ƙarin koyo game da Selva Baja da Halayensa.
The Low Jungle
Selva Baja wani fili ne na Amazonian dake cikin Peru, wanda wani babban fili ne wanda aka kafa shi kuma an rarraba shi a cikin yankin dajin dajin na wurare masu zafi. Wannan ƙananan daji kuma ana san shi da yankin Omagua ko kuma dazuzzukan wurare masu zafi na Amazon kuma yana cikin ƙasar Peru a kan gangaren gabas na tsaunin Andes, kusa da iyakar Brazil. Wuri ne da ke tsakanin mita 80 zuwa 500 sama da matakin teku, jin daɗinsa yana da faɗi da ciyayi masu ƙayatarwa a wurin, wanda yawan koguna da ke ratsa shi ya cika.
An haye ta da manyan koguna waɗanda, saboda ƙananan gangaren wannan fili mai ƙanƙanta, suna bayyana ma'anoni masu lanƙwasa ko magudanar ruwa, a tsakiyar koguna na ƙasa. Waɗannan kogunan suna haifar da eddies ko muyunas waɗanda ke haifar da canjin yanayin su gabaɗaya. Haka kuma, koguna su ne hanyoyin sadarwa da aka fi amfani da su.
A cikin wannan yanki, mafi girman yanayin halittu shine "Bosque de Várzea" kuma musamman shi ne cewa gandun daji ne na fili ko ambaliya. Ta hanyar Selva Baja akwai magudanar ruwa na kogin Amazon na sama, Ucayali, Marañón da Madre de Dios, waɗanda ke ratsa Peru da Bolivia, da kuma sauran kogunan da suke ƙananan ƙorafi da ke cikin Amazon na Peruvian da sauran kogin Yuruá da Purús. wanda ya samo asali a Brazil. Iquitos yana cikin wannan yanki a tsayin kusan mita 100, tare da shimfidar shimfidar wuri mai faɗi wanda ke gabatar da ƙananan abubuwan.
Ƙananan Jungle Relief
Wannan gandun daji na wurare masu zafi na Amazonian yana da kwanciyar hankali a kusan gabaɗayansa. Inda aka kafa filayen da tsayin da ba zai wuce mita 400 sama da matakin teku ba. Wannan yanki wani fili ne, wannan gandun daji na Amazonian na wurare masu zafi ya samo asali ne ta hanyar tasirin kogin Amazon, da kuma tasirin rafukan da ke cikinsa. Wannan tsoma bakin kogin Amazon a samuwarsa shi ne ya ba wa wannan dajin Low suna. A ko'ina cikin Selva Baja akwai yankuna da yawa na yanki:
- Yankin Ambaliyar ruwa ko Tahuampas da ke zama ƙarƙashin ruwa duk shekara.
- Zona Restingas yanki ne mai tsayin daka, wanda ke cike da ambaliya a lokutan ambaliya na koguna.
- Yankin da ba ruwan ambaliya ko Alto, wanda a cikinsa akwai magudanar ruwa da kuma inda ƙananan mazauna yankin ke zama.
- Amazon Hills ko Filos, inda saman ƙasar ya ɗan ɗanɗana.
Yanayin sa
Yanayinsa yana da dumi, tare da yanayin zafi mai yawa, da yawan hazo. Zazzabi na Selva Baja ko Omagua, shine matsakaicin shekara na 24 ° C, zafi yana da ƙarfi sosai yayin rana. A cikin 1963, an rubuta 41 ° C a wannan yanki, wanda ya kasance mafi yawan zafin jiki a Peru, a cikin yankin Neshuya, akan hanyar zuwa Pucallpa. Ruwan sama a wannan yanki yana da yawa sosai.
Matsakaicin ruwan sama a shekara ya bambanta tsakanin 1.000 zuwa 5.000 millimeters, saboda waɗannan dabi'un hazo yana daya daga cikin mafi yawan ruwan sama a duniya. Ƙarƙashin daji ya yi fice don yawan gizagizai da ke kan wannan yanki. Wadannan gizagizai suna samuwa ne ta hanyar aikin iskar Ciniki da ke fitowa daga gangaren Tekun Atlantika, daga gabas zuwa yamma, suna karo da Gabashin Tekun Andes.
Waɗannan gajimare, lokacin da suke tashi don ketare tsaunin Andes, suna isa wurare a cikin yanayin da yanayin zafi ya yi ƙasa sosai, don haka yakan taso kuma yana haifar da hazo. Gizagizai masu tasowa na nau'in cumulus-nimbus ne saboda canjin yanayin zafi daga dumi zuwa sanyi kuma suna haifar da hadari mai ƙarfi ko hadari tare da iska mai ƙarfi, hazo, walƙiya, walƙiya da tsawa. Lokacin da ruwan sama ya sake tsayawa, zazzabi ya kasance mai girma sosai.
Yankunan Yanayi
Yankin Selva Baja, wanda ke arewacin 10 ° kudu latitude, yana kula da zafi mai zafi a duk shekara, sabanin kudancin Selva Baja, wanda kuma yanki ne mai zafi amma tare da yanayi.
Yanayin gandun daji mai ƙanƙara yana da yanayin da yake da ɗanɗanar yanayi na wurare masu zafi na equatorial, tare da hazo a duk shekara, wanda aka rarraba shi azaman Af bisa ga tsarin Köppen. Ita ce dajin equatorial na Peru kuma yanki ne na arewacin Selva Baja, yana arewacin sashen Loreto da sashen Ucayali, Amazonas, San Martín da Huánuco.
Yanayin ƙananan Jungle a yankin kudancin sa na yanayi ne. Tana kudu maso gabas na sashen Madre de Dios da yankuna na sassan Ucayali, Cusco da Puno. Yanayin yankin kudu yana cikin kewayon wurare masu zafi ko na wurare masu zafi da yanayin savannah, kuma an gano shi da Aw. A cikin wannan yanki a cikin wata guda yana yiwuwa a yi rajistar yawan hazo na ƙasa da milimita 60 na ruwan sama.
Flora na yankin Omagua
Tsire-tsire na Ƙananan Dajin yana da rikodin kusan nau'ikan bishiyoyi 2.500 daban-daban waɗanda aka rarraba a cikin iyalai daban-daban da nau'ikan iri. Tsire-tsirensa galibi daji ne na arboreal, wanda tsayinsa ya fi mita 60. Daga cikin shuke-shuken da ke girma a cikin ƙananan dajin, akwai nau'o'in dabino daban-daban, ferns, lianas, ishpingos ko Creole oaks, mahogany, daji, lupunas ko ceibas, da sauransu. Haka kuma nau'ikan epiphytes daban-daban kamar nau'ikan orchids daban-daban.
Tsire-tsire na Selva Baja shine wanda ya zama ruwan dare a cikin dazuzzukan yankunan da ke da yanayi mai dumi da zafi mai yawa. Bishiyoyin da ke da gabobin da suka dace don ɗaukar haske, kamar faffadan ganyensu, suna girma kuma suna haɓaka cikin waɗannan. Wannan bisa ga madaidaicin dajin inda nau'in bishiyar ke tsiro, ana samun gasa ko kaɗan daga albarkatun hasken rana. Hakanan, saboda yawan ruwan sama, waɗannan bishiyoyi suna da tururi don yin gumi, don daidaita ruwa a cikin tsire-tsire, kuma suna iya numfashi.
Fauna of Omagua
Kamar yadda flora na Low Forest ke da yawa, faunansa ma suna da banbance-banbance. Kamar yadda aka fada a baya, sunan ‘yan asalin yankin dajin Omagua, bisa la’akari da yalwar kifin da ke cikinsa, saboda yawan koguna da magudanan ruwa na kogin Amazon, wadanda suka samar da wannan dajin mai cike da rudani da ketare shi. Baya ga wannan, ɗimbin ɗimbin nau'ikan dabbobin ƙasa shima ya samo asali. A ƙasa akwai wasu nau'ikan da ke zaune a cikin wannan ƙananan daji.
Kifin ku ko ichthyofauna
Daga cikin kifayen da aka haifa kuma suke tasowa a cikin kogunan wannan dajin dajin, akwai mutanen paiche (arapaima gigas), wanda shine babban kifin da ya dace, yana cinye ƙananan kifi ko ƙananan dabbobin da suka fada cikin koguna. Black cachama (Colossoma macropomum), wannan nau'in kifi yana da dabi'a na ƙaura kuma saboda haka, suna iyo a saman koguna a lokacin bazara. Wani nau'i ne da aka gabatar a cikin nahiyar Asiya. Ana kuma kiran sa da sabalo (Prochilodus lineatus), kifin kore mai launin toka, wanda zai iya auna kusan santimita 60 kuma yana da nauyin kilo 6.
nau'in dabbobi masu shayarwa
A cikin wannan daji akwai sachavaca ko tapir (kasa tapirs), wanda shine mafi girma na dabbobi masu shayarwa a Kudancin Amurka, wanda ke cikin Tapiridae. Dabbobi ne masu nauyin kilo 300, suna ciyar da kayan lambu ta hanyar proboscis, wanda shine kayan aikin su na wayar hannu. Haka kuma akwai wata dabba mai shayarwa ta dangin Tayassuidae, wacce aka fi sani da peccary, boar collared, javelin ko ƙwanƙolin peccary (peccary tajacu), wanda ya kai kimanin santimita 50 a bushewar.
Huangana, farin lebe peccary, lebe peccary, huangana, manao, cafuche, wanda yana da sunan kimiyya Tayassu peccary, wanda ake siffanta shi da gabatar da wani farin tabo kamar gemu a kusa da gangar jikinsa ko hancinsa. ronsoco, capybara, chigüireHydrochoerus hydrochaeris), na dangin Caviidae, shine mafi girma rodent a duniya wanda ke tsiro a yankuna masu zafi. An siffanta shi da rashin samun wutsiya kuma yana da fadi da babban kai. Otorongo, jaguar, jaguar na PeruvianPanthera yana), wanda wata dabba ce mai cin nama da nama, wadda take da girma kuma tana da baƙar fata da launin rawaya, nau'in nau'in nau'in da ke barazanar bacewa.
avifauna ta
Daga cikin tsuntsayen da za ku iya lura da su a cikin Selva Baja akwai macaws (matsakaici SPP.), na nau'ikan halittu daban-daban, na dangin musayen iyali, waɗanda suke tsuntsaye da ke da launuka daban-daban da launuka masu ban sha'awa. Manya-manyan tsuntsaye ne masu tafiya bi-biyu, saboda kyawunsu tsuntsaye ne suke yi wa mutane barazana don farauta ko kama su da ajiye su a matsayin dabbobi.
Daga cikin tsuntsayen dajin dajin, akwai kuma nau'o'in aku daban-daban, wadanda tsuntsaye ne na dangin Psittacidae, wadanda suke kama da macaws amma suna da ƙananan kuma suna da gajeren wutsiya, irin su nau'in aku na jinsin. Amazon sp. Nau'in tsuntsaye kuma aka sani da Pauji na jinsi Crax spp., Wadanda su ne tsuntsaye na tsari na Galliformes na gidan Cracidae, baki a launi da babba. Sauran tsuntsayen da aka gani sune guans na dutse (duhu penelope), na tsarin Galliformes, wanda ke cikin haɗarin bacewa saboda farauta.
Dabbobi masu rarrafe
Daga cikin dabbobi masu rarrafe, za a lura da nau'in nau'in caiman na jinsi daban-daban (Caiman spp.), Haka nan macijin jergon wanda a (Atrox) wanda shine macijin dafi na dangin Viperidae. Kunkuru mai suna charapa shima yana zaune a yankin. (Podocnemis expansa), An kwatanta shi da wuyansa mai tsayi, kamar maciji, suna zaune a cikin ruwa na koguna na Amazonian da Orinoco, yana da duhu a launi a kan sashin jiki da rawaya a bayansa, yana cikin dangin Podocnemididae.
Ina gayyatar ku don ci gaba da koyo game da yanayi mai ban sha'awa, a cikin waɗannan posts: