Sanin abin da Mayan Sun Stone ya ƙunshi

Cosmogony na Mexican yana da matukar girmamawa ba kawai a cikin wannan ƙasa ba, amma a duk faɗin duniya. Imani da Mayans suka gindaya shine mafi arziƙin da ake iya samu a tarihin duniya. A wannan lokaci, da Sun dutse shine mayar da hankali don haifar da wannan labarin mai ban sha'awa.

Tarihin Dutsen Rana

Dutsen monolithic ne wanda yake a cikin zamanin Mesoamerican postclassic. Ana kyautata zaton cewa bayyanarsa ta farko ta faru ne tsakanin shekaru 1250 zuwa 1521 BC Tabbas babu wani ilimi komi game da marubucin Dutsen Rana, ko ainihin lokacin da aka sassaƙa shi. Duk da haka, masana tarihi sun bincika cewa za a yi amfani da wannan abu don gina wani babban bango na dutse da Mexica ya yi a cikin shekarunsu na ƙarshe na gwamnati.

A cewar sanarwar Diego Durán, ya tabbatar da cewa Dutsen Rana yana da girma sosai, tare da zanen kwanaki, watanni da makonni 21 a kalandar sa. A halin yanzu, Juan de Torquemada a cikin ɗayan shahararrun rubutunsa sarautar Indiya ya kwatanta Moctezuma Xocoyotzin a matsayin shugaban da ya umurci talakawansa su kawo wani babban dutse da aka boye a Tenanitla zuwa Tenochtitlán.

Mai yiyuwa ne, tudun dutsen ya samo asali ne daga babbar fashewar dutsen mai aman wuta na Xitle, har zuwa lokacin da za a kwashe shi daga San Ángel zuwa garin Xochimilco. Sunan Ezequiel Ordoñez yana da girma don fahimtar tarihin Piedra del Sol, saboda ya ƙayyade cewa dutsen shine basalt olivine. Godiya ga nauyin da ba a saba gani ba, an ja dutsen kusan kilomita 22 zuwa Tenochtitlan.

A lokacin cin nasara, wannan babban dutsen ya zauna a cikin Templo Mayor. Taimakon ya kasance koyaushe a cikin yankinsa na baya, wato, koyaushe yana buɗewa a cikin wannan shingen. A lokacin da Alonso de Montúfar ke kula da babban limamin coci a Mexico, ya ba da umarnin a binne Dutsen Rana a wurin da nufin ’yan Ikklesiya su ci gaba da tunawa da su a duk ibadar hadaya da aka yi a cikinsa.

A karni na sha takwas, jerin canje-canje a cikin doka sun haifar da sababbin igiyoyi a cikin New Spain, godiya ga umarnin Viceroy Juan Vicente de Güemes. Daga cikin wadannan gyare-gyare, ya bukaci a inganta wasu tituna da wuraren taruwar jama'a. Magajin garin Plaza ya kasance daya daga cikin manyan masu cin gajiyar waɗannan tsare-tsare na gine-gine, tare da haɗa tsarin magudanar ruwa da kuma daidaita benensa.

A ranar 17 ga Disamba, 1790, yayin da babban magini a wancan lokacin José Damián Ortiz de Castro ya gano Piedra del Sol lokacin da yake gyaran hanyoyin Magajin Plaza. Dutsen ya kasance mita 60 daga babbar Ƙofar Virreinal da kuma 40cm a rabin yadi. Don cirewa daga ƙasa, ana buƙatar juzu'i biyu don godiya ga girman nauyin wannan dutsen Mayan wanda ya ƙunshi cosmogony na kabilar.

Antonio de León y Gama ya je wurin don yin bincike kaɗan game da asalin Dutsen Rana, da ma'anarsa a lokacin da aka gano shi. Bisa ga ra'ayin Chavero, wannan hali na ƙarshe ne ya mallaki dutse a matsayin muhimmin sashi don fahimtar kalandar Aztec na farko. Kun san duka Tatsuniyoyi na Maya? Kada ku daina yin shi, saboda suna da ban sha'awa sosai.

Daga baya, Gama ya shigar da kara ga José Uribe, wani littafi na canon a wancan lokacin, don kada a binne Dutsen Rana, saboda kasancewar wannan al’ada ta arna ce, tana da tarihin binne mutane daban-daban. Mai binciken ya nuna mahimmancin gano abubuwan tarihi na tarihi a Italiya, don kubutar da dan kadan daga ainihinsa, yana ba da damar haɓaka Dutsen Rana.

Zamanin bunƙasa wanda abubuwan tarihi suka yawaita ya ba da damar Dutsen Rana ya zama abin sha'awa ga idanun jama'a. monolith ya sami nasara sosai bayan gano shi a cikin 1790 tare da cikakkiyar haɓaka bincikensa don bayyana duk cikakkun bayanai na ainihin asalinsa. Gama ma ya nuna cewa dutse ne mai hazaka na fasaha, wanda nan take ya ja hankalin kowa.

Ranar 2 ga Yuli, 1791, monolith ya zama wani ɓangare na Cathedral na Metropolitan a daya daga cikin sassan yamma. Alexander von Humboldt shi ne ke da alhakin yin nazari dalla-dalla game da yanayin dutsen Rana, wani abin al'ajabi da ke da alaƙa da wannan dutsen shi ne shiga tsakani da Amurka ta yi a Mexico, ta yin amfani da abin a matsayin hari a magajin garin Plaza.

Bayan wasu shekaru, a cikin 1855 don zama daidai, an tura Piedra del Sol zuwa Monolith Gallery, wanda ke kan Calle Moneda, godiya ga buƙatar da Jesús Sánchez, darektan cibiyar ya yi. Shekaru tara bayan haka, an sake yin wani canjin wurin don kafa Gidan Tarihi na Anthropology da Tarihi.

Descripción

Duk abin da ke cikin Dutsen Rana yana da ban sha'awa sosai, domin yana da lissafin hangen nesa da Mayans suke da shi na duniya tun lokacin da aka halicce su. Nan da nan, duk ɓoyayyun bayanan da wannan tsohuwar monolith mai daraja ta mallaka. Shin, kun san menene? allahn Aztec kuma gaba dayanta? Wataƙila wannan tambayar ita ce ta dindindin da za ku iya ganowa nan da nan.

faifan tsakiya

Beyer da Caso sune farkon waɗanda suka fara samun ingantaccen tsarin kula da diski na tsakiya. Dukansu suna nuna allahn rana Tonatiuh da wuka na hadaya ta tushen dutse. Ba shi da hannayensa, wannan allahntakar yana da farauta da ke riƙe zuciyar ɗan adam. A taƙaice, wannan shine ra'ayin Alfonso Caso dangane da wannan yanki na dutse:

«A tsakiyar Dutsen Rana za ku iya lura dalla-dalla da fuskar Tonatiuh. Ga iyakarta akwai farauta, waɗanda ke kwaikwaya da kyau sosai ga ƙafar kowace mikiya. A cikinsu akwai zuciyar ɗan adam ta matse sosai. Ganin rana da Aztec suka yi yana da ma'ana sosai, domin suna kwatanta ƙarfinta da gaggafa da ke tashi sama da safe.

Navarrete da Haydn a cikin 1974 sun yi watsi da sanarwar Beyer da Coso don tabbatar da cewa allahntakar da ke tsakiyar shine Tlaltecuhtli. Wannan abin bautawa na ɗaya daga cikin fitattun mutane a cikin al'ummar Nahuatl gabaɗaya, tare da yawan ibada mai girma. A wannan yanayin, ana ganin fitattun faratun mikiya guda biyu a cikin da'irar. A cikin yankin baya akwai wani daga cikin da'irori wanda, a duka, shine 4 a cikin duka.

Daga duk da'irar da aka ambata an haifi rana ta biyar, wanda a ƙarshe shine asalin mutumin Nahuatl. Muhimmancin abinci na wannan na farko shine masara da ruwa. Labarin Rana yana iya yin bayanin haihuwa daki-daki.

zamani hudu

Ba shi yiwuwa a bar zamani hudu ko ranakun hudu da ke tsakiyar wakilci. Yana da kyau a tuna cewa haɗuwar waɗannan abubuwa ne ke haifar da haihuwar Rana ta Biyar, tare da ƙarin kasancewar al'ada a halin yanzu.

• A cikin babban yankin dama akwai adadi na jaguar 4, wanda bayaninsa ya kai shekaru 676. Zamanin Mexica na farko ya ƙare a cikin wannan lokacin godiya ga wasu ƴan Adam da suka fito a sararin duniya don kawo ƙarshen zuriyar ɗan adam na wancan lokacin.
• Ga yankin hagu akwai iska ta 4, tare da tabbataccen dangantaka har zuwa shekara ta 364, godiya ga wani abin da ya faru na iska, guguwa da guguwa da suka girgiza wayewa. Jama’ar da ba na kasa ba sai ya mayar da su birai.
• Ƙarƙashin iska 4 shine da'irar ruwan sama 4, ɗaya daga cikin mafi mahimmanci ga al'adun Mexican. A wannan lokaci, ruwan sama na wuta a shekara ta 312 ya mayar da dukan 'yan ƙasa zuwa turkeys.
• A ƙarshe, akwai da'irar ƙarshe, ruwa 4, mafi kusa da duniya kamar yadda yake. Nitsewar ruwa ya kawo ƙarshen al'umma gaba ɗaya a shekara ta 676. Waɗanda suka tsira da ƙyar sun sami sauye-sauye zuwa kifi.

Kamar yadda aka nuna, duk zamanin suna da tabbataccen shekara wanda ke haifar da wani nau'in bala'i don rufe wani muhimmin zagaye a cikin ɗan adam. Duk da haka, don ganin ainihin shekara a cikin kowace da'irori yana da muhimmanci a sami Aztec prism. Hakazalika, 676, 312, da 364 suna da abu guda ɗaya: kowace waɗannan shekarun suna da yawa na 52.

52 adadi ne mai mahimmanci ga kalandar Mexica, domin yana daidai da cikakken karni a cikin sararinsu. Bayan da aka faɗi haka, akwai da'irar hasken rana guda biyu waɗanda suka daɗe tsawon ƙarni 13: 4 jaguar da ruwa 4, ɗaya daga cikin mafi muni ga bil'adama, tare da al'amura masu ban mamaki waɗanda suka ƙare da ƙarfi tare da lokuta biyu masu wuce gona da iri. 364 shine ƙarni 7, yayin da shekaru 213 ke 6. Wannan ya ce, jimlar ƙarni a cikin Dutsen Rana shine 13, 7, 6, da 13.

Jimlar kowane karni na Aztec dabam ya ba da jimillar 39. Idan ƙwararrun mathematics suka kalli wannan adadi, za su gane cewa 39 mahara ne na 13, yayin da takamaiman zamani guda biyu (7+6) kuma sun haɗa zuwa 13. A ƙarshe, wannan lambar za ta kasance a fakaice a matsayin wani ɓangare na al'adun Mexica ta hanya mai zuwa: 13-13-13. Idan wannan bai isa ba, lambar 52 ita ma adadin 13 ne, don haka wannan Dutsen Sun yana ɓoye bayanan ƙididdiga masu ban mamaki.

Matakan Cardinal

Kamar yadda Dutsen Rana ke da kowace da'irar hasken rana, haka nan kuma yana da kamannin manyan maki. Misali, akwai alamar arewa 1 Flint, alamar ruwa 1 kudu, gabas da xiuhuitzolli Alamar heraldic da yamma, mono 7th century. A cikin kowane ɗayan mahimman abubuwan yana da sauƙi a sami rukunin alamun da aka yi la'akari, wanda ke lissafin makonni biyar a cikin rukuni na watanni uku don samar da shekara guda.

zobe na farko

Wannan zobe yana da mahimmanci ga al'adun Mexica, saboda yana da lissafin kwanaki 20 masu tsarki waɗanda aka yi a hukumance a cikin Tonalpohualli. Abu mai ban sha'awa game da lamarin shine haɗuwa a cikin kowane kwanakin nan tare da lambobi 13, saboda irin wannan abun da ke ciki yana haifar da shekaru. Daga cikin manyan abubuwan da yake son sani, waɗannan kwanaki an rubuta su a cikin codex bisa fata na barewa, don adana shaidar duk abin da ya faru a cikin tonalámatl.

Tsarin wannan kalandar a lokacin da aka fitar da shi ga duniya ya hada da jimillar 260. Da yake guda 20 ne kawai ke da takamaiman suna, aikin da za a yi shi ne hada dukkan sunaye don samar da adadin da ya wuce lambobi uku, ko a cikin su. Tsohuwar sa, lamba mafi girma fiye da 21. Lambar asali ita ce kuma lamba ta ƙarshe, 13, a cikin nau'i na maki.

Tonalpohualli yana da wani hali na musamman, cewa kawai hankali na Mexicas ya gudanar da tunanin: kalandar a cikin goma sha uku (20 makonni na 13 days) wanda 5 aka ƙaddara don aikin yau da kullum da sauran don hutawa ko introspection. Rarraba jadawalin ya ƙunshi sa'o'i 13 na yini da kuma wani 9 na dare (yawanci wanda jiki ke hutawa har sai barci). Tare da wannan ya ce, lokaci ya yi da za ku koyi kaɗan game da kwanakin baftisma:

Cipactli: Wannan rana tana cikin axis na gabas akan kalanda. Wata halitta ce mai yawan hazaka wacce rabin kada rabin kifi ne (ko da yake ita ma ana kallonta a matsayin wani nau'in kadangaru). Ingancinsa shine a ji yunwa a kowane lokaci na yini, yana ƙara haɗarinsa. An yi la'akari da ita kadai ta hanyar ruwa na lokacinta, har sai Quetzacóatl ya kashe don fara halittar sararin samaniya. Tare da dukan jikin dodo sun halicci duniya, tare da taimakon wasu alloli waɗanda suka shiga cikin aikin.

Lokacin da alloli suka raba jikin cipactli, sun halicci sama da ƙasa. Babban matsalar alloli ita ce inda za a sanya mutumin a cikin irin wannan fili, ba tare da sanin abin da zai yi ba. Daga baya, sun ɗauki wasu bishiyu don iyakance ɓangarorin. Haka nan kuma suka raba tsakanin duniyar rayayyu da matattu. Littattafan Helenanci da na Latin sun ambata tare da mai da hankali ga duka Allolin Olympus, Muhimmancinsa da ikonsa da ya kamata ku sani.

Ranar farko ta wannan kalanda tana goyon bayan allahntakar Tonacatecuhtli, shugaban haihuwa ko abinci. Yana da babban hannu wajen samar da duniya, ban da raba kasa da dukkan tekuna da ke akwai. Sunansa a yaren Aztec yana nufin “Ubangiji na namanmu ko kuma Ubangijin kiyayewa” domin kasancewa mai ba da jin daɗi ga mutanen farko da suka zauna a duniya.

Ehecatl: Shi ne allahn iska bisa ga shaidar al'adun Mesoamerican. Yana da kwatankwacin kamanceceniya da Quetzacōātl dangane da ilimin halittar jiki na maciji mai ban tsoro wanda lokacin kallon yana nuna iko mai ban mamaki. Har ila yau, tana da alaƙa da haifuwar sararin samaniya, saboda godiyar numfashinsa ya jawo ruwan sama don shuka amfanin gona. Ban da haka, da wannan aikin ya sa rana ta fito don watsa ruwan sama da ya halitta da ikonsa.

Wani daga cikin halayensa shi ne ba da rai ga duk abin da ke cikin yanayin hutu, ko jikin da ba shi da ƙarfi. Ya zo ya yi soyayya da wani mutum mai suna Mayah. Da yake ba a mayar da martani ba, hakan ya bude wa dukkan bil'adama damar tada karfinsu na son gane soyayyar yarinyar. Ƙaunar da wannan allahn ya nuna wa Mayah an bayyana shi a siffar itace mai ganye. A ƙarshe, ita ce rana ta biyu a arewacin yankin Piedra del Sol.

kira: Ma'anar wannan kalma a cikin harshen Mexica shine "gida". Allahn da yake kiyaye dukkan maɓuɓɓugan ruwa na wannan rana shine Tepeyollotl, maɗaukakin mahaliccin tsaunuka, tsaunuka, tuddai, tsaunuka, sautin murya da girgiza. A cikin kowane hoton hoto yana bayyana a cikin sigar jaguar. Yana nuna maɓuɓɓugan hadaya ga dukan namomin da suka rayu kafin babban rigyawa, wanda aka yi bayani a cikin da'irar ruwa na rana 4.

Ita ce zuciyar duniya kuma a duk lokacin da girgizar kasa ta faru, sautin cikin kasa ya zama kirari ne daga wannan Ubangiji, domin ya dora karfinsa. An bayyana shi a arewacin kalandar, kasancewar rana ta uku don haskaka wannan cosmogony na Mexica.

Cuetzpalin: Wanda ma'anarsa ita ce "lizard" a tsohuwar harshen Mexico. Yamma ga wannan rana ta huɗu ita ce kudu. Waɗanda aka haifa a wannan rana ta huɗu suna da wakilcin allahn Huehuecóyotl, babban ma'aikacin fasaha, raye-raye, mai kare duk matasa da manya. Siffar wannan allahn da aka fi yawan yi shi ne na wani gungu mai rawa da hannu da ƙafafu da wasu kuge masu ƙawata gabansa.

Al’adar ta tabbatar da cewa wannan ’yan ta’adda hoton ba’a ne na dukkan kabilun Arewacin Amurka da aka damfara. Sai dai wannan hali kwararre ne wajen yin wakoki da ruwayoyi. Bangaren da yake da shi shi ne makircin da ya saba yi na haifar da gaba tsakanin bangarorin biyu, har ya kai ga haifar da yake-yake don gamsar da gajiyawarsa.

Mexicans sun cimma yarjejeniya cewa coyote, maimakon zama mummuna hali, ya zama tushen dabarar da dukan mutanen da aka haifa a wannan rana ta hudu suka mallaka. Maza masu kyan gani suna kama da wannan allahn, godiya ga kasancewarsa da ya yi a farkon saduwa. Daga cikin wasu ra'ayoyi, hikimar ɗan adam tana tallafawa waɗannan maɓuɓɓugan ruwa waɗanda ke da kariyarsu.

kotl: Yana kare ma'anar macijin iri ɗaya, wanda yake kama da allahn Quetzacóatl. Allolin da ke kula da wakilcin wannan rana ita ce Chalchiuhtlicue, sarkin dukan tafkuna da manyan koguna. Yau ne rana ta biyar da maciji ke mulki kuma saboda wannan dalili, yana cikin wannan jerin a matsayin allahiya wanda ya kafa ruwa ga duk wayewar Arewacin Amurka. Tsohon mazaunan Mexico sun ba da amanar tafiya zuwa wannan allahntaka, don dawowa da lafiya da duk ayyukan da suka cika.

Ita ce ke da alhakin haskaka da'irar ta huɗu a cikin Dutsen Rana, yayin da Chalchiuhtlicue ke mulkin duniya, duk mulkinsa ya rufe da ruwa. Ta hanyar ruwa mai karfi da ya lalata wasu yankuna, ta jefi Al'arshinta ta zama baiwar Allah abin tsoro. Yana da ikon canza mutane da yawa su zama kifi.

Miquiztli: Rana ta shida na wannan kalandar tana a wurin kadinal na arewa a cikin cosmogony na Mexica. Tecciztecatl, katantanwa mai kyawun hali. Ya sami damar zama rana, amma da kyar ya sami damar zama wata. Wannan allahn yana da tsari da sararin sama.

Mazatlán: Yamma shine babban batu na wannan rana ta musamman akan kalanda. Kalmar tana nufin "barewa" wanda allahnta shine tlaloc, sarkin ruwan sama da guguwa. Al'adun sun nuna cewa ana girmama shi a cikin watan farko na shekarar Aztec, don yayyafa amfanin gona.

Tochtli: Ranar zomo tana cikin babban filin kudu bisa ga Tonalpohualli. Mayahuel ita ce allahiya mai kula da kare dukan jariran da aka haifa a wannan rana. Ana danganta ta da wasu alloli na zuriyarta, kamar masu tallafawa mata akan gadon haihuwa. Yana taimakawa wajen samar da flora, musamman ga duk amfanin gonakin da suka sami ci gaba mai wahala saboda rashin kyawun yanayi.

Atl: Ruwa shi ne ruwan da ke tsarkake dukkan bil'adama da aka haifa a wannan rana da ake mulka a karkashin ma'anar gabas. Xiuhtecuhtli wani muhimmin allahntaka ne a tatsuniyar Mexico, domin da wutarsa ​​ko zafinsa yana da ikon kula da dukan mutanen wannan kalanda. Siffar sa ta wani dattijo mai launin rawaya ko lemu.

Daidaitawa: An san shi da ranar kare, kasancewar Mictlantecuhtli, ubangijin matattu a kowane yanki nasa, babban mai kare wannan rana. Yana sarrafa cikin siffa mai kyau duka duniya da duniyar inuwa. Gashinsa curry ne kuma idanuwansa sun yi kama da tauraro.

ozomatli: Ranar biri yana da babban batu a yamma. Ba kamar allahntaka na baya ba, Xochipilli shine yarima na furanni, sarkin duk abin da ke da kyau da ke zaune a cikin yanayi. Abin jin daɗin ne ya zama Allah, lokacin da mutane suka biya sha'awarsu a cikin giya da sauran bukukuwa.

Akwai wasu kwanaki da ke lissafin wannan muhimmin kalanda tare da wakilci a cikin Dutsen Rana tare da maganganu masu zuwa:

• Malinalli.
• Acatl.
• ocelotl.
• Kuuhtli.
• cozcacuauhtli
• Ollin.
• Tecpatl.
• Quiáhuitl.
• Xuchitl.

Zobe na biyu

Wannan sashe na Dutsen Rana ya ƙunshi murabba'ai da yawa tare da takamaiman aiki. A cikin kowannensu akwai kwanaki biyar na mako. Bugu da ƙari, akwai wasu sassa takwas tare da kusurwa daban-daban wanda ke nufin maki na kadinal.

Zobe na uku

Yana cikin kasan Dutsen Rana, a wannan lokacin allahn Xiuhcóatl yana nan a ƙarƙashin siffar macizai masu yawa waɗanda ke kewaye da monolith. Dukkan wuraren macizai sun rabu don ɗaga allah zuwa sama, yayin da kowane bangare yana gefen wuta. Idan mai ban sha'awa ya duba sosai, duk macizai suna yin lamba 52, wanda shine karni na Aztec wanda Dutsen Rana ya nuna.

A cikin babba yanki na dutse akwai kuma burbushi na macizai, amma wannan lokacin da alama ne a cikin wutsiyoyi, har zuwa ranar Matlactli. Bisa ga tarihin Mexico, irin wannan kwanan wata ya ta'allaka ne a cikin shekara ta 1479 a matsayin wani ɓangare na "Sabuwar Wuta".

Lambobi

Dutsen Rana yana da ma'ana mai mahimmanci ga al'adun Mexican. Muhimmancinsa yana da girma sosai har bankunan sun yi amfani da wasu ƙididdiga don karkatar da kuɗin su, kamar haka:

• Tsabar 5-centavo da aka yi da nickel tsakanin 1905 zuwa 1914. Daga Dutsen Rana ya fitar da tasirin hasken rana, wanda ya ba da kyakkyawar ma'ana mai launi ga gefuna na tsabar kudin bisa ga tasirin hasken halitta.
• Tsabar 5-cent da aka yi da nickel, wanda ke gudana tsakanin 1936 zuwa 1942, ya kiyaye tasirin hasken rana wanda ya shahara sosai a bugu na farko na wannan tsabar kudin.
• Tsabar nickel 10-cent wanda ya yadu daga 1936 zuwa 1946 ya nuna tasirin hasken rana ta hasken rana. A wannan yanayin, tasirin yana da ban sha'awa, amma ba duka ba.
• Tsabar kashi 5 na bakin karfe ya ci gaba da gudana har tsawon shekaru 10. A wannan karon wani nau'in pentagon ya bayyana a rubuce akan guntun.
• Bakin karfe 10-centavo tsabar kudin da ya rage a wurare dabam dabam a cikin lokacin 1992-2002 ya sami wani ɓangare na karɓar pentagon da aka rubuta a kan Dutsen Rana. .
• Tsakanin 20-cent tsakanin 1992 da 2002 sun sami mafi kyawun kayan gini kamar tagulla da aluminium hade. Akwai kuma pentagon da aka rubuta akan guntun ta hanyar da ba ta cika ba. Bayan 2002 irin wannan taron ya faru da tsabar kudi na baya, amma sun canza tagulla da aluminum don bakin karfe.
• Tsabar 50-cent da aka yi da tagulla da aluminium wanda ke yawo tsakanin 1992-2002 tare da rubutun 13th akan Dutsen Rana (ácatl) tare da rubutun pentagon a kan guntun. A cikin 2002 irin wannan abu ya faru kamar tsabar kudi na baya, tare da raguwa a girmansa.
• tsabar kudin Bimetallic 1-peso tare da zoben bakin karfe, daga 1992 ya fara zagayawa tare da zoben yana haskakawa ta cikin haskoki.
• Tsabar 2-peso bimetallic tare da cibiyar tagulla-aluminum da zoben bakin karfe yana wakiltar daidaitattun kwanaki akan kowane gefuna.
• Tsabar 5-peso yayi kama da wanda ya gabata ta kowane fanni, duka a cikin gini da na shekarun gini. Bambanci mai mahimmanci shine alamar macizai a gefuna.
• 10-peso tsabar kudin da aka gina a tsakiyarsa tare da kayan cin abinci-nickel da sauran da tagulla-aluminum. A ciki za ku iya ganin ɗan ƙaramin diski na tsakiya na Dutsen Rana.
• 500-peso tsabar kudin da aka yi gaba ɗaya da zinare don gasar cin kofin duniya ta 1986. A wannan lokacin gabaɗayan diski ya bayyana.