Biri Tití ɗan ƙarami ne wanda ke zaune a cikin gandun daji na Tsakiya da Kudancin Amurka. Yana da halaye na yau da kullun kuma musamman arboreal, tunda ya fi son dazuzzuka masu kauri kusa da ruwa. Akwai babban bambancin nauyi da girma tsakanin nau'ikan wannan biri. Don ƙarin koyo game da wannan biri mai ban sha'awa, ina gayyatar ku da ku ci gaba da karantawa.
Biri Titi
Biri na marmoset iri-iri ne na birai masu zafi da ake samu a Amurka ta tsakiya da kuma Kudancin Amurka kuma an fi sani da biri aljihu. Marmoset shine sunan gama gari na nau'ikan birai na Amurka (platyrrhines), waɗanda ɓangare ne na dangin Callitrichidae.
Callitrichidae (Callitrichidae) ta ƙunshi dangin platyrrhine primates waɗanda ke da Tsakiyar Amurka da Kudancin Amurka, waɗanda suka haɗa da wasu nau'ikan nau'ikan 42 akai-akai ana kiransu marmosets da tamarin. (Callitrichinae) na dangin Cebidae.;
Baya ga kasancewa ɗaya daga cikin sanannun kuma mafi yawan primates, ana la'akari da su sosai don dacewa da sauye-sauyen da mutane ke haifarwa a mazauninsu na halitta. Biri marmoset halitta ce mai tsananin kwarjini da saukin mu’amala da ita. A yau an kiyasta cewa akwai nau'ikan kananan birai sama da 40, wadanda kuma ake kira callitricids ko wasu nau'ikan da ake kira tamaris.
Halayen Biri Titi
Nauyin marmosets yana tsakanin 100 (C. pygmaea) da 800 grams (Loentopithecus), yayin da tsayin jikinsu yana tsakanin 13 (C. pygmaea) da 50 centimeters (Leontopithecus) kuma wutsiya ta kai kusan 15 ko 40 centimeters. Suna baje kolin ƙwanƙwasa guda biyu a kowane gefen muƙamuƙi na sama (banda Callimico), a gefe guda kuma wutsiyarsu ba ta da ƙarfi kuma suna da babban yatsa.
Su ƙananan halittu ne, masu laushi, siliki mai laushi; wasu nau'ikan suna da ɗigon gashi mai yawa akan kunnuwa da kuma akan kunci. Jakinsa yana da launin baki da fari, kansa yana nuna siffa mai zagaye. Hakora iri-iri na biran marmoset na iya sassauta bawon bishiyoyi, kuma ta haka ne suke tsotse ruwansu. Suna da halaye na yau da kullun kuma suna da fifikon arboreal kuma ƙusoshin da suke da su, maimakon kusoshi, suna ba su damar riƙe rassan bishiyoyi daidai.
Marmosets suna rayuwa a cikin yankunansu kuma yawanci ana samun su a cikin ƙananan tari na kusan mutane 5 zuwa 6. Waɗannan ƙungiyoyin suna kare sararin su, suna tsoratar da masu kutse tare da kururuwa da tsoratarwa. Wani lokaci ana haɗa ƙungiyoyin nau'ikan birai daban-daban. Gyaran jiki da sadarwa suna da babban matsayi a haɗin gwiwa tsakanin ƙungiyoyi. Yawancin lokaci ana ganin su bibiyu suna zaune ko kuma suna dozing.
Suna ɗaya daga cikin ƴan birai waɗanda ke samun haihuwa da yawa, yawanci tagwaye, a cikin kashi 80% na nau'in da aka yi nazari akai. Sabanin yawancin ƴan fari, maza suna taka rawar gani wajen kula da iyaye, wani lokacin ma fiye da na mata.
Ƙungiyoyin iyali a kai a kai sun ƙunshi ma’aurata da ’ya’yansu, waɗanda kuma suna cikin rukunin yankuna. Uwa ita ce ke kula da tarbiyyar duk da cewa a cikin kungiyar za a iya samun ’ya’ya mata da dama da suka kai shekarun haihuwa. Duk wadanda suka hada da wannan kungiya suna bayar da taimakonsu domin kula da matasa.
Abincin
Abincin birai na marmoset ya ƙunshi musamman 'ya'yan itatuwa, ganye, furanni, nectar, fungi, sap, latex, resin da roba tsakanin sauran abubuwan shuka. Har ila yau, suna cin abinci akan kwari, kadangaru, gizo-gizo, katantanwa, kwadi na bishiya, kaji, ƙwan tsuntsaye da ƙananan kashin baya. Akalla kashi 15% na abincinsu na zuwa ne daga bishiyar danko.
Sake bugun
Ko da yake matan marmoset na iya yin aure da namiji fiye da ɗaya, matings sau da yawa sun kasance monogamous, wato, tare da abokin tarayya ɗaya, har ma da rayuwa. Lokacin haihuwarsa kusan watanni 5 ne, kuma mace tana da 'ya'ya ɗaya kawai. Dangantaka tsakanin uba da zuri’a tana da karfi sosai, tunda shi ne ke daukar nauyin jariri, sai dai a kai shi da uwa domin shayarwa ko wani kulawa. Sauran ’yan uwa sukan taimaka wajen rainon biri.
A watanni 5, matasa ba sa shayarwa kuma suna girma sosai lokacin da suka wuce shekara guda. Bayan shekaru 2 zuwa 3 sun rabu da rukunin dangi don samun abokin tarayya. Tsawon rayuwarsa ana daukarsa shekaru 12 ne.
Wurin zama Biri Titi
Membobin dangi suna tsakiyar Amurka da Kudancin Amurka (Colombia, Bolivia, Brazil, Peru da Paraguay). Za su iya rayuwa a cikin filayen, dazuzzukan bakin teku, dazuzzukan gabar tekun Atlantika masu danshi da kuma cikin dazuzzukan dazuzzukan da ba su da yawa.
A Costa Rica nau'i biyu ko jinsi an san su. Wanda ke fuskantar babbar barazana yana cikin yankunan Parrita, Quepos da Potrero Grande a Buenos Aires. Sauran nau'ikan nau'ikan suna a kudancin kasar, musamman a cikin Osa. An saba ganin su a cikin Gidan shakatawa na Manuel Antonio, Quepos da dazuzzuka da ke kusa da Puerto Jiménez a kan Osa Peninsula.
Wurin zama a cikin dazuzzuka masu sanyi, da farko a cikin tsiro mai ganye. Yawancin lokacinsu suna ciyarwa a cikin bishiyoyi. Suna cika dazuzzuka masu kauri kamar na kogin Amazon. Kawai 'yan iri, irin su Black Ashy Marmoset, ana yawan gani kawai daga Brazil.
Hadarin da kuke fuskanta
Yawancin marmosets ana daukar su a matsayin nau'in barazana, musamman saboda lalacewar mazauninsu. Babban barazanarsa ita ce lalatar dajin, tunda yana rage yankinsa don ciyarwa da hayayyafa. Su ne nau'in ban sha'awa ga waɗanda ke neman samun dabbobi a bauta. Wannan nau'in yana da kariya ta abin da aka bayyana a cikin Shafi na I na Yarjejeniyar Fataucin Dabbobi (CITES).
Ƙayyadewa
A cewar Rylands da Mittermeier (2009), callitrichid sun hada da 7 genera (Calibella, Cebuella, Callimico, Callithrix, Mico, Leontopithecus da Saguinus) sun hada da nau'in 42. A cikin 2010, Mico rondoni an gane shi a matsayin jinsin, wanda a baya an dauke shi azaman jinsin. Wani yanki na Mico emiliae A cikin 2014, an gano cewa Mico manicorensis yayi kama da Mico marcai.
A cewar Garbino da Martins-Junior (2017) callitrichids sun haɗa da Genera Callithrix, Cebuella, Mico, Saguinus, Leontopithecus da Callimico. Waɗannan marubutan, bi da bi, sun rarraba asalin Saguinus zuwa ƙasƙanci uku: Saguinus, Leontocebus da Tamarinus.
Biran marmoset yawanci ana kasu kashi biyar daban-daban: marmoset na gaskiya, tamari (wanda kuma ake kira moustached ko pinchés marmoset), pygmy ko small marmoset, zaki marmoset (wanda ake kira Golden ko leonine marmoset) da tamari na Goldi. wanda har yanzu yana kula da molars 3 a kowace hemijaw.
Nau'in Marmoset Biri
Marmoset shine ƙungiyar gama gari na primates na platyrrhine na dangin callitricid waɗanda kawai ake samu a Tsakiya da Kudancin Amurka. Ga wasu cikakkun bayanai na nau'ikan birai na marmoset.
Marmoset na auduga
Tamarin saman auduga (Saguinus oedipus) kuma ana kiranta da tamari mai launin fari, tamari mai launin ja, ko tamari mai auduga, a tsakanin sauran sunaye. Wannan kyakkyawar dabba wani bangare ne na halittar Saguinus kuma ana rarraba shi a cikin yankuna daban-daban na Colombia.
Girman sa kadan ne, yana kimanin gram 500, kuma jikinsa da wutsiya bai kai tsayin santimita 37 ba. Abincinta ya ƙunshi kwari, 'ya'yan itace cikakke, ruwan 'ya'yan itace da kuma nectar. An lasafta shi a cikin wani yanayi mai mahimmanci na kiyayewa, duk da cewa wasu cibiyoyi na Colombia suna fafatawa don ceton wannan ma'auni mai ban mamaki, samar da wuraren gandun daji da shirye-shiryen kiyayewa ga wannan nau'in.
Sunan mahaifi Cebuella
Marmoset na pygmy (Cebuella pygmaea) shine mafi ƙanƙanta a cikin nau'ikan 42. Abin bakin ciki a gare mu, masu fataucin dabbobi suna sha'awar sa saboda kyawun sa da iyawar sa. Wannan marmoset ita ce kaɗai wakilin halittar Cebuella. Girmansa yana da kusan santimita 14 zuwa 18, wanda aka ƙara wutsiyar da ba ta riga ta wuce tsayin jiki ba. Abincin su ya ƙunshi ruwan 'ya'yan itace na wasu tsire-tsire, 'ya'yan itatuwa da kwari. Wani lokaci ma yakan ci abinci kadangare.
Yana baje kolin wata riga mai ban mamaki mai cike da baƙar fata, rawaya da sautunan orange. An ƙawata kansa da wani irin ƙulli. Don haka ana kiranta da zaki tamari. Ba a yi la'akari da barazanar ba tukuna, duk da cewa an tabbatar da raguwar ta. Yana zaune a saman Amazon, wanda ya ƙunshi ƙasashe masu zuwa: Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia da Brazil.
Halitta Callimico
Birin Goeldi, (Callimico goeldii), shine kawai wakilin halittar Callimico. Yana zaune a cikin yanki mai iyaka na Upper Amazon, tare da samfurori da aka samo a Colombia, Peru, Bolivia, Ecuador da Brazil. Tsawonsa yana da kusan santimita 30 tare da doguwar wutsiya wadda ta zarce tsayin jikinsa.
Nauyinsa yana tsakanin 400 da 680 grams. Rigarta tana da laushi da yawa a cikin jiki, sai dai ciki, wanda ba shi da yawa. Launin sa baki ne mai sheki. Abincinsu ya ƙunshi sap, nectar, kwari da fungi. Yana fuskantar barazana, yayin da ake farautar ta don a ajiye ta a matsayin dabba.
Genus Leontopithecus
Wannan jinsin yana da nau'ikan nau'ikan guda 4: ruwan hoda zaki tamari; zaki tamari mai kai; bakar zaki tamari da bakar fuska zaki tamari. Duk waɗannan nau'ikan suna cikin haɗari sosai. Zakin tamari mai baƙar fata (Leontopithecus caissara) ana ɗaukarsa yana da rauni sosai. Ya zama ruwan dare a Brazil kuma duk jikinsa an rufe shi da wani riga mai kauri mai kauri na zinari, sai dai fuskarsa, wutsiya, hannaye da hannayensa, wadanda bakar fata ne.
Halitta Callithrix
Genus Callithrix ya ƙunshi nau'ikan 6: marmoset na kowa; tamari mai baki; black goga tamari; tamari mai kai; farar kunun tamari da tamar Geoffroy. Yawancin irin waɗannan nau'ikan suna da yawa ga Brazil, kuma suna fuskantar barazana. Geoffroy's marmoset, (Callithrix geoffroyi), wanda kuma ake kira marmoset mai kaifin baki, shine marmoset da aka fi so a matsayin dabba, tunda akwai wuraren kiwo na wannan nau'in. Ba a fuskantar barazana.
Wannan nau'in ya zama ruwan dare ga Brazil, musamman ga sassan Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro da Espírito Santo. Tsawonsa yana da kusan santimita 24, wanda dole ne a ƙara wutsiya wanda ya fi tsayin jiki kaɗan. Wani nau'i ne mai ban sha'awa, tun da alkyabbar rigarsa tana da nau'i daban-daban na baki, launin toka, fari da orange. An kawata fuskarsa da farar gashin gashi da fulawa a kunnuwansa.
Genus Mico
Halin halittar Mico ya ƙunshi nau'ikan nau'ikan 14: silvery marmoset; farin marmoset; tamari mai baki; Alamar Marmoset; Snetlange's marmoset; tamari mai baki; Manicore marmoset; Acari marmoset; tassel-eared tamari; Tsarin marmoset; Rondon marmoset; marmoset na zinariya da baki; Maues tamari da farar fuska tamari.
Marmoset na silvery (Mico Argentatus) yana taruwa cikin ƙungiyoyin mutane 6 zuwa 10. Mace mai rinjaye ce kawai ke da 'yancin haifuwa, yayin da ta fitar da pheromone wanda ke sa wasu mata ba zai yiwu ba. Tsawonsa yana da kusan santimita 18 zuwa 28 kuma nauyinsa ya bambanta daga gram 300 zuwa 400. Ba a fuskantar barazana. Yana zaune a yammacin Brazil da gabashin Bolivia. Abincinsu ya dogara ne akan ƙwai, kwari, 'ya'yan itace, ruwan 'ya'yan itace da dabbobi masu rarrafe.
Baƙar fata Marmoset
Tamari mai bakin wutsiya, (Mico melanurus) wani bangare ne na halittar Mico. Ita ce mafi kudu maso kudu na duk abubuwan marmosets, tun lokacin da aka rarraba shi a kudancin Brazil, Paraguay Chaco, da gabashin Bolivia. Ba a fuskantar barazana. Tsawon sa yana da kusan santimita 22 tare da 25 na wutsiya. Matsakaicin nauyinsa shine gram 380. Yana da bayansa ruwan kasa mai ɗimbin fari da fari a jikinsa, wanda ratsan farare ya keɓance ta bangarorin biyu. Wutsiya mai girma baƙar fata ce.
Genus Saguinu
Wannan jinsin shi ne ya fi yawa a cikin tamarin, tun da yake yana da nau'i 15: bald tamari; jariri nono biri; Tamarin Panama; sarki tamari; marbled tamari; lebe tamari; launin toka marmoset; Martins Tamarind; farar fata tamari; tamari mai farin hannu; mustachioed tamari; black tamari; tamari mai baki; auduga saman tamari da tamari mai ruwan zinari.
Sarkin tamari (Saguinus imperator) yana zaune a Bolivia, Peruvian da Amazon na Brazil. Babban gashin baki shine ya ba shi suna a lokacin, tun da ya tuna da irin gashin baki na Sarkin Jamus William II. Jikinsa ya kai santimita 30, wanda aka ƙara wutsiyar da ba ta da tushe mai kusan santimita 40. Wasu samfurori na iya samun nauyin har zuwa 500 grams. Abincinsu ya ƙunshi ruwan 'ya'yan itace, 'ya'yan itace, kwari, ƙananan kasusuwa, kwai, furanni da ganye. Ba a cikin barazana kuma an san nau'ikan nau'ikan 2.
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