Aikin da ke ɗauke da take The Knight na Olmedo, yana wakilta ya zama labari ne da ya taso daga soyayyar matashiyar budurwa wajen neman kyakkyawar budurwa, amma saboda mugun matsoraci, ya kare cikin rashin kwanciyar hankali. Ji dadin karatun ku.
The Knight na Olmedo na Lope de Vega: Plot
Ayyukan wallafe-wallafen El Caballero de Olmedo, yana faruwa ne a matsayin melodrama, saboda gaskiyar cewa abubuwan da suka shafi wannan nau'in sun shiga cikin yanayin yanayinsa, inda ƙungiyar mawaƙa ta bayyana, mummunar ƙarewar babban halayensa, ko kuma wani lamari na makoma kamar yadda ya kamata. wani karfi da ba za a iya gyarawa ba wanda ke danganta haruffa. Hakanan zaka iya koyo game da tarihin Littafin Soyayya Mai Kyau
Halin Don Alonso wani mutum ne wanda ya taso daga Olmedo zuwa garin Madina, inda ake gudanar da wani shahararren aikin hajji. Da yake ɗaya daga cikin kwanakin, kyawun wata budurwa mai suna Inés ya burge shi, ta ƙaunaci kyakkyawar budurwar.
Busca ya dogara da bawansa mai suna Tello, wanda shi kuma ya san wani mai yin ashana mai suna Fabia, wanda ke samun sana’ar sayar da fata da kayan kwalliya. Don Alonso ya sanar da shi cewa yana hauka a soyayya, don haka ya roƙe shi ya taimake shi.
A halin yanzu, Don Rodrigo, wani mutumi daga garin Medina, yana ƙauna da Doña Inés, kuma ya nemi hannun Don Pedro, wanda shine mahaifin matashin Inés, ya yarda da bukatar mutumin. Don haka, Inés ta yi riya cewa ainihin sha’awarta ita ce ta zama uwargida, duk don kada ta yi aure. Kuna iya jin daɗin karantawa Jarumin a cikin tsatsa sulke
Tello da Fabia sun shiga gidan Inés cikin dabara, da nufin zama masu shiga tsakani tsakanin Doña Inés da Don Alonso. Yayin da ake gudanar da bukukuwan a cikin kayan ado na Sarki Juan II a Madina, matashin Alonso ya yi fice a matsayin haziki kuma mai kyan doki, wanda a hakika ya ceci rayuwar Don Rodrigo daga wani bajintar da wani jajirtaccen bijimi ya yi, duk da haka, Don Rodrigo, tare da halinsa mai ban sha'awa. , yana shirin kashe Don Alonso.
Bayan bikin, Don Alonso ya koma Olmedo, amma kafin ya yi bankwana da Miss Inés. Don Rodrigo da abokansa sun je su tarye shi suka kashe shi. Tello, bawansa, ya same shi yana mutuwa a hanya. Da safe washegari, Tello, cikin damuwa, ya ba da labarin abubuwan da suka faru a wannan dare mai duhu, ya ba da umarnin fille kan Don Rodrigo da mugayen abokansa.
El Caballero de Olmedo, wani wasan kwaikwayo ne mai ban sha'awa, inda Lope de Vega ya samar da wani sabon al'amari mai ban mamaki, yana bayyana sha'awa, matsaloli da manufofin yawan jama'a.
Its
Babban jigon da ke bayyana a cikin wannan aikin shi ne soyayya, soyayyar da Don Alonso yake ji ga Inés, da cikas da dangantakar soyayyar tasu ke fuskanta, da kuma mummunan sakamakon da ke faruwa. Duality ne tsakanin soyayya da mutuwa. Da farko, yana nuna labarin da ke cike da ƙauna mai daɗi, amma a ƙarshe, tsoro yana ƙare da mummunan ƙarshe.
Estructura
El Caballero de Olmedo, aiki ne wanda aka tsara shi a cikin ayyuka daban-daban guda uku, na farko tare da jigogi masu ban dariya da fara'a, yayin da na uku ya gabatar da kasancewa mai muni. Na gaba za mu nuna abubuwan da ke cikin ayyukan:
Dokar 1
An bayyana aikin farko tsakanin layi na 1 da 885 na wasan. Don Alonso, wani mutum mai daraja daga Olmedo, ya halarci bikin hajji a garin Madina, tare da Tello, na gida.
A wannan wurin, ya sadu da kallon wata kyakkyawar budurwa, sunanta Doña Inés, kuma ƙauna ta buge shi. Ya kuskura ya dauki hayar wani dan wasa mai suna Fabia, wanda ya ba wa wasikar soyayya da za a kai shi hannun Doña Inés, wanda ya yi haka domin a yi masa sarka.
Wata dabara Fabia ta je gidan Inés, bisa zargin cewa za ta kawo mata wasu kayan kwalliya domin sayarwa, kuma ta gayyace ta ta karanta wasu manyan dabaru inda aka samu wasikar soyayya. Haka ne, lokacin da na sa budurwar ta karanta wasiƙar, Fabia ta lallashe ta ta ba ta amsa, amma a lokacin ne angonta Don Rodrigo ya zo, tare da abokinsa Don Fernando.
Bayan isowarsa, kuma ya san cewa Fabia na tare da angonsa, sai ya ji haushi, amma, nan da nan, shiga tsakani na Inés da ‘yar uwarta, Doña Leonor, sun ruɗe su cewa ita ce uwargidan da ke kula da aikin wanki.
Sa'an nan, Doña Inés ya amsa wasiƙar zuwa Don Alonso, kuma mai yin wasan ya kai mata. Lokacin da Don Alonso yana da wasiƙar soyayya a hannunsa, yana tsoron karantawa, don haka ya nemi Tello ya zama wanda zai fara karantawa, duk don ba ya son jin an ƙi. Tello, ba shakka, ya yi biyayya, ya karanta, kuma ya mayar masa.
A cikin wasiƙar, ya bayyana cewa dole ne Alonso ya ziyarci gidan Inés don ɗaukar itacen koren itace daga silifas, katako ne da zai sanya shi a kan shingen lambun gidansa, don Don Alonso ya gane shi. iya dauke shi .
Da faɗuwar rana, Don Alonso, tare da Tello, suka je ɗauko itacen, inda suka ci karo da Rodrigo da Fernando, waɗanda ke rataye a kusa da gidan Inés kuma suka gano shi. Da yake ba su san ko wane ne kuma na wa ba, sai suka yanke shawarar yanke ta ko'ina a tsakiyar, amma da suka ji muryar Alonso da Tello, suka bar wurin.
Bayan haka, washegari da safe, Inés ta lura cewa Rodrigo yana da wani ɓangare na ribbon, kuma ta zo a ranta cewa Fabia ta yi mata dabara don ta so angonta. Amma, lokacin da Fabia ya isa, ta gaya masa abin da ya faru, kuma ta bayyana cewa ainihin masoyinta shine Don Alonso "El Caballero de Olmedo".
Rodrigo ya shafe shekaru biyu yana ikirarin son Inés, kuma yana neman ta zama matarsa, wanda ya haifar da rikici tsakanin maza biyu.
Dokar 2
An ci gaba da wannan aiki ne a tsakanin aya ta 888 zuwa 1813. Bayan kwana biyu Don Alonso tare da wani bawansa Tello suka tafi garin Madina. Amma, Tello, da farko ya sa Don Alonso ya ga haɗarin da wannan soyayyar ke wakilta a gare shi, saboda shiga tsakani na Fabia, mai wasan kwaikwayo, wanda ke yin sihirinta. Koyaya, Don Alonso ya ba da amsa cewa dole ne ƙauna ta jure kowane irin haɗari. Sun isa gidan, sai, Don Alonso da Doña Inés, suka fara magana kuma suna koyi game da rayuwar juna.
Don mamaki, Don Pedro, mahaifin Inés, ya bayyana, dalilin da ya sa baƙi Alonso da Tello su ɓoye. Amma, don don Pedro, yana ɗaukar hankalinsa kuma yana mamakin ganin cewa 'yarsa ba ta barci ba tukuna, kasancewar sa'o'i na safe, inda ya je kusa da ita yana tambayar ta, domin ta tashi da dare.
Nan da nan, Inés ta amsa masa da fara’a, cewa tana addu’a, kuma burinta shi ne ta zama ‘yar zuhudu, wanda hakan zai hana ta auren Don Rodrigo, kuma nan take ta gaya masa cewa tana bukatar wata al’ada da wuri. cewa ita ma tana bukatar malamin da zai koya mata rera waka da kuma malamin koyon Latin.
Mahaifinta, don Pedro, ba ya jiran ɗiyarsa ya ga burinta ya cika kafin kiran Allah, kuma ya yi rantsuwa cewa zai yi duk mai yiwuwa don ya sa bukatar ta ta kasance cikin lumana, kuma ya sadaukar da kansa don nemo masu ba ɗiyarsa shawara. . Masoyan biyu sun yi magana ta hanyar mai yin wasan Fabia, inda suka hana mahaifinta gano hakan, kuma suna yin kamar su malaman Latin ne waɗanda za su shirya ta zama uwargida.
Don haka, Tello, wanda ke da alhakin ɗaukar wasiƙun soyayya tsakanin Alonso da Inés, shi ne ke kula da ba shi azuzuwan Latin; yayin da Fabia zai yi aiki a matsayin malamin dabi'u da ɗabi'a.
Ya zuwa yanzu, komai yana tafiya yadda ya kamata, duk da haka, da yake Inés ’yar’uwa ce, ba za ta iya zuwa ko kuma ta ziyarci wurin baje kolin a garin Madina, inda sarki zai kasance. Kodayake Don Alonso yana da zanga-zanga a cikin mafarki, wanda zai daina wanzuwa, ya halarci bikin. Wannan aikin ya ƙare tare da masoya biyu Alonso da Inés a cikin bikin a garin Madina.
Dokar 3
Da zarar bikin ya cika, Don Alonso ya shiga tsakani a matsayin mahaya bijimi a cikin shahararren wasan bijimin, tare da yin fice. Don haka, Don Rodrigo ya ji bacin rai kuma ya kasa jurewa tafi da murna da dukan masu sauraro ke ba Don Alonso, don haka ya tsoma baki a cikin bikin.
A halin yanzu, Don Alonso ya nemi Tello ya je gidan Doña Inés don gaya masa ya shirya don yin magana da shi, kafin ya tafi Olmedo, domin ya sanar da iyayensa cewa yana raye.
Da zarar Rodrigo ya fara aiki, an jefa shi daga dokinsa kuma ya faɗi ƙasa a gaban bijimi, a wannan lokacin Alonso ya taimaka masa ya ceci kansa kuma ya kasance da rai. Wannan hujjar ta fusata Rodrigo fiye da yadda ya kasance, saboda dole ne ya rama rayuwarsa ga mutumin da yake kishinsa.
Amma, kafin ya tafi Olmedo, Don Alonso ya tafi ziyarci Inés a gidanta, don gaya mata ganin ku daga baya. Bayan wannan bankwana, Don Alonso ya fara tafiya zuwa Olmedo. Lokacin da yake tsakiyar hanyar da za ta kai Olmedo, sai ya ga inuwa mai duhu, kuma yana tsoratar da shi, duk da haka, bai kula da shi ba, don haka ya ci gaba da tafiya.
Da yake kusa da gidansa sosai, yana jin barazanar waƙar da ke shelanta mutuwar "El Caballero de Olmedo"; ya shirya yaƙi, ya bincika daga inda ya fito da wanda yake waƙa, amma duk abin da akwai manomi.
’Yan mintuna kaɗan kafin yin bankwana, ya lura cewa wasu mazaje suna zuwa, waɗanda nan take ya gane su, Rodrigo, Fernando da Mendo na gida. Don Alonso, da ya fahimci cewa game da su ne, bai damu ba, yana tunanin ba za su dame shi ba ko kaɗan. Sai dai tunaninsa ba haka yake ba, bawa Mendo ya kashe shi, su ukun suka gudu zuwa garin Madina.
Bayan 'yan sa'o'i kadan, Tello ya je kusa da Don Alonso, wanda ke kwance a ƙasa, ya tallafa masa har sai ya isa ga iyayensa. Yayin da duk wannan taron ke faruwa, Doña Inés ya yi ƙoƙari ya gaya wa mahaifinta dukan gaskiyar game da Don Alonso; kuma ya yarda yayi aure.
Tello ya koma gidan ya shiga cikin Don Rodrigo da Don Fernando, waɗanda bayan mugun kisa na Don Alonso, suna kan hanyarsu ta neman hannun Inés da Leonor. Nan da nan, ba tare da jira ba, ya gaya wa Doña Inés da sarki game da taron, wanda har yanzu yana cikin gidan, kuma ya yi nasarar kashe su duka.
Tatsuniya na Knight na Olmedo da abubuwan da ya halitta na adabi
Tatsuniyar mutumin kirki, ya kasance na dogon lokaci, lokacin da Lope de Vega, zai yanke shawarar kama melodrama. Masanin tarihin Faransa da ɗan Hispaniya mai suna Joseph Pérez, wanda aka samu a ɗakin karatu na Simancas, lamarin da ya tabbatar da cewa haihuwar almara na iya zama gaske.
A ranar 6 ga Nuwamba, 1521, Miguel Ruiz, wani fitaccen makwabcin Olmedo, ya kashe makwabcinsa mai suna Juan de Vivero cikin rashin aminci, a lokacin da yake dawowa daga wani bijimi a garin Campo de Medina, a daidai wannan wuri, cewa tun daga wannan lokacin ne. An san shi da sunan La Cuesta del Caballero.
Wataƙila labarin ya samo asali ne daga wannan, duk da haka, a fili jigon ɗaukar fansa, ba shi da mahimmanci don ya wanzu a cikin zukatan mutane. Koyaya, Lope de Vega ba shi da wani bayani game da abin da ya faru a shekara ta 1521.
An san almara a gare shi, ta hanyar karatu kawai. Yana yiwuwa, kamar yadda Francisco Rico ya bayyana, cewa a cikin karni na XNUMX, za a bayyana jerin gwano game da mutuwar jarumi, kasancewar kawai abin da aka sani a halin yanzu, ayoyi guda biyu masu ruɗani da gaske kuma suna dacewa da wasu bangarori da yawa, muna nuna su. :
Sarkin Madina
An yi min mummunar barazana
Francisco Rico da kansa ya ɗauka cewa a cikin karni na 1601, da aka ba da motsi na Kotun zuwa Valladolid, shekaru 1606 zuwa XNUMX, tatsuniya ta sake dawowa. A kan wannan gardama, an tsara Rawar Gentleman, wanda rubutunsa da buga magajinsa aka samu a yau.
Ya kamata a lura da cewa sigar da ta sami damar samun ƙarin jama'a ita ce wadda aka buga a cikin wani ƙara mai suna El Fénix de España Lope de Vega Carpio. Kasancewar kashi na bakwai na wasan barkwanci nasa daga shekara ta 1617. Haka nan, yana da kyau mai karatu ya san cewa marubucin bai shiga wannan fitowar ba, kuma watakila rawa ba nasa ba ce, sai dai wani bangare ne da editan ya kara da shi ba bisa ka’ida ba.
Yana da matukar tabbas, duk da haka, cewa za a same shi a cikin ƙasashen Old Castile, kuma a cikin zamani, yana da kamanceceniya da wasu sha'anin soyayya na Lope kansa.
A lokacin raye-rayen, sun ƙunshi ɗan gajeren waƙa, mai yiwuwa kafin rawa:
da daddare suka kashe shi
ku Knight,
zuwa Madina gala,
Olmedo fure
Babu shakka ya ji daɗin Lope sosai, domin ya rubuta ta ta hanyoyi da yawa kamar: El santo negro Rosambuco, a cikin Auto del pan y del palo da kuma a cikin Auto de loscantares.
Tushen, ƙirƙira da ci gaba na El Caballero de Olmedo
Lope de La Vega ya sami ayoyi huɗu na waƙar a matsayin tushen wahayi. Shahararren raye-rayen ya ba shi dalilai masu ban tausayi da yawa waɗanda aka nuna a cikin Dokar III, duk da haka, mawaƙin bai ci gaba da aikin da aka buga a cikin kashi na bakwai ba, maimakon haka, tare da rubutun rubutun, wanda mutane da yawa suka ajiye a cikin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, kamar yadda Francisco Rico ya nuna. .
Abin mamaki, duk da cewa Lope ya waye a raye-rayen, marubucin wasan kwaikwayo bai sanya waƙar ba a cikin waƙoƙin waƙar da aka sa wa mai martaba suna:
Ya Don Alonso!
Ubangijina mai girma,
yayi miki tsada sosai
samun ni soyayya!
Yana da kyau a san cewa ba a buga abin da ke cikin aikin ba sai bayan mutuwar marubucin, kasancewar shekara ta 1641, kuma an cire shi daga hannun magadansa da masu kula da shi a Zaragoza.
A ƙarshen ƙarni na XNUMX, an fara bugawa da bincike na Menéndez Pelayo, yana ba shi darajar da ta kai zamaninmu.
Personajes
A cikin aikin yanzu El Caballero de Olmedo, manyan haruffa masu ban sha'awa da na biyu sun shiga tsakani don haɓakawa, wanda muke gabatar muku a ƙasa:
Main
Babban haruffan da ke sa haɓaka aikin ya yiwu, kuma tare da mahimmancin sa hannu na:
Don Alonso
Shi ne babban hali, shi mai daraja ne, kyakkyawa da galant, mafi mahimmanci a cikin aikin. Yana da siffa mai ban sha'awa, kyakkyawa da halayen soyayya. Don abin da ya ke samun yabo da girmamawa ga dukkan mutanen garin.
Tun da ya ga Doña Inés, ya ƙaunace ta, wanda yake so ya zama matarsa. Amma, saboda mummunan lamarin da ke jiran jarumi, halinsa ya ƙare a hanya marar kyau.
Madam Ines
Budurwa ce mai kyan gani kuma tana da wayo sosai, ta gaskata cewa za ta keɓe rayuwarta ga Allah, ta zama zuhudu, don hana aurenta da mutumin da ba a so. Budurwa ce mai mutunci kuma a lokaci guda mai gaskiya tare da mahaifinta. Hakanan yana da kyawawan ɗabi'a kuma ƙauna ta koma Don Alonso.
Don Rodrigo
Wannan hali ne akasin protagonist na aikin, ya ko da yaushe tafiya a cikin kamfanin Fernando. Mutum ne mai girman kai, mayaudari da matsoraci. Hakazalika, ya yi ƙoƙari ya shawo kan ƙaunar Inés, ba kamar Don Alonso ba, yana neman ta ta aure shi tsawon shekaru biyu ba tare da nasara ba.
Shi ma mutum ne mai daraja, don haka ya cancanci ya auri Inés. Ko da yake don Alonso ya ceci ransa, ya zama mugun mutum ta hanyar kashe shi.
Saboda wannan hali, an kafa triangle soyayya mai haɗari tsakanin Don Alonso, Doña Inés da shi. Mai son yin wani abu don cimma irin wannan buri na aure.
Don Leonor
'Yar'uwar Doña Inés ce, yarinya ce mai kyau, wadda ta shiga tsakani da shawararta don taimakawa 'yar'uwarta. Tana soyayya da Don Fernando.
Yan wasa na Secondary
Tare da sa hannu na waɗannan haruffa, yana yiwuwa kuma za a iya kammala aikin El Caballero de Olmedo, wato:
Mr. Fernando
Mutumin da ke tare da Don Rodrigo ne koyaushe, shawararsa ce. Ya kasance tare da Eleanor. Shi ne kuma wanda ya yi sanadiyyar mutuwar Don Alonso.
Mista Pedro
Wannan halin shine mahaifin fahimtar Doña Inés da Doña Leonor. Mutum ne mai asali, yana kula da 'ya'yansa mata sosai, shi ne wanda yake wakiltar ikonsu. Don haka duk saurayin da yake son soyayyar ‘ya’ya mata dole ne ya samu yardarsa, shi ne ya yanke shawara ya ba wa ‘ya’yansa hannu su yi aure. Amma, a ƙarshe, ya yarda cewa 'yarsa Inés ta auri Don Alonso.
Tello
Wannan halin yana nufin gida da mai ba da shawara na don Alonso. Shi mai tsoro ne da fahariya, amma yana nuna gaskiyarsa da amincinsa ga ubangijinsa. Saboda kyawunta da kyawunta, tana jin daɗin karɓuwa da alaƙa daidai da jama'a.
Fabia
Yana da matukar hali, wanda shine dan wasan Don Alonso da Doña Inés, ke kula da ɗaukar da kawo wasiƙu da saƙonnin soyayya tsakanin masoyan biyu. Ance yana amfani da dabarun sihiri da sihiri. Don Alonso yana neman ta lokacin da yake jin haushin soyayya da Inés. Mace ce mai tsokanar sirri, tana kiran kuzarin diabolical. Yana da kwarin guiwar yin hasashen cewa wani kuzari mai kashewa zai lullube masoya a cikin mummunan makoma da kuma ƙarshen tarihi.
Fitattun Wakilai
Ayyukan Caballero de Olmedo sun ji daɗin wasanni masu mahimmanci, daga cikinsu za mu iya haskakawa:
Año 1953
Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Spain - Madrid
Karkashin jagorancin Modesto Higueras. Tare da fassarar 'yan wasan kwaikwayo: Mari Carmen Díaz de Mendoza, José María Seoane, Julia Delgado Caro, Miguel Ángel, Rosita Yarza.
Chamber Theatre - Barcelona
Tare da fassarar 'yan wasan kwaikwayo: Eduardo Criado, Laly Soldevila, Ramón Durán, Juana Espín, Estanis González, Alicia Agut.
El Retiro Park - Madrid
Karkashin jagorancin Miguel Narros
Tare da wasan kwaikwayon Julieta Serrano, Carmen López Lagar, Miguel Palenzuela, Ana María Vidal, Vicente Soler, Bony de la Fuente, José María Cuadrado.
Año 1977
Villa Cultural Center – Madrid
Tare da wasan kwaikwayon haruffa masu zuwa: Fernando Cebrián, María Jesús Sirvent, Guillermo Marín, Félix Navarro, Vicente Gisbert, Miguel Rellán, Miguel Palenzuela, José Caride, Juan Meseguer, Isa Escartin.
Año 1982
Las Vistillas - Madrid
Tare da fassarar José Luis Pellicena, Margarita Calahorra
Año 1990
Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Comedy - Madrid
Tare da halartar 'yan wasan kwaikwayo: Carmelo Gómez, Enrique Menéndez, Encarna Paso, Laura Conejero, Jaime Blanch, Ana Goya, Marcial Álvarez, Fernando Conde.
Año 2013
Fernan Gomez gidan wasan kwaikwayo - Madrid
Yin aiki azaman haruffa a cikin wasan kwaikwayo: Javier Veiga, Marta Hazas, José Manuel Seda, Enrique Arce, Encarna Gómez, Andrea Soto
Año 2014
Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Pavón, Kamfanin Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Kasa - Madrid. Karkashin jagorancin Lluís Pasqual
Fassarar ƴan wasan kwaikwayo: Javier Beltrán, Mima Riera, Francisco Ortiz, Rosa Maria Sardà, Jordi Collet, Carlos Cuevas, Pol López, Paula Blanco, Laura Aubert, David Verdaguer, Samuel Viyuela González.