Duk da cewa yawancin mu suna karatu a makarantar firamare kawai ƙungiyoyin "babban" biyu na duniya: motsin juyawa y motsin fassara, Maganar gaskiya ita ce wannan batu ya kara fadada kadan kadan, tun da kasa ba ta jujjuya kanta a daidai kusurwar da ta dace domin ta dan karkata a kan kusurwar ta da 'yan digiri.
Shin kun san menene motsin Duniya baya ga Juyawa da Fassara?
Yana da mahimmanci a la'akari da cewa, ban da ƙungiyoyi 2 mafi sanannun ƙungiyoyi waɗanda na riga na ambata a cikin sakin layi na baya, ƙasa ta yi wasu motsi guda 3: Rigakafin equinoxes, nutation motsi da kuma chandler kaka, wanda ke bayyana wasu al'amura na halitta da tsawon yini da darare a cikin shekara, misali.
Wadannan ƙarin la'akari sun taso a hankali bayan yarda cewa duniyarmu, a gaskiya, mai siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar zuwa .
Don haka, don tantance injiniyoyin da ke mulkin duniyarmu, yana da mahimmanci a sani da fahimta sosai menene motsin duniya da sakamakonsa ga rayuwar duniya.
Duniyar duniyarmu tana da ban sha'awa kuma ya cancanci yin nazari mai zurfi, amma kun san cewa NASA ta gano wasu taurari masu kama da namu a cikin sararin samaniya? Kada ku rasa labarinmu akan Taurari masu kama da duniya.
Kafin a zurfafa cikin lamarin sakamakon motsin duniya, zai fi kyau a sake nazarin ka'idoji mafi mahimmanci kamar motsin juyawa da fassarar duniya.
Juyawa motsi
Motsin jujjuyawar duniya tabbas shine mafi sani da nazari akan motsin duniya ta hanyar jama'a. Wannan motsi ya yi daidai da jujjuyawar da duniya ke yi a kan kusurwoyinta wanda ke daukar sa'o'i 24 don kammala cikakken juyin juya hali, idan aka dauki wani batu a samansa dangane da rana. Wannan shi ake kira ranar rana.
A wane irin gudu ne Duniya ke juyawa da kanta?
An ƙididdige saurin da duniyarmu ta ke jujjuyawa da ita.a shine 1670 km/h, idan an auna shi sama da ma'aunin, inda ya fi girma. Gudun yana raguwa yayin da yake ci gaba zuwa sandunan ƙasa kuma yanki yana raguwa.
Yana da ban mamaki a yi tunanin cewa duniyarmu tana jujjuyawa cikin sauri sosai kuma da ƙyar ba za mu iya lura da shi ba. Wannan al'amari zai yi cikakken bayani game da ɗaya daga cikin ka'idodin ka'idar dangantakar Einstein, wanda fahimtar motsi ya dogara da saurin da mai kallo ke motsawa. Yayin da muke tafiya a duniya cikin sauri ɗaya, ba mu da masaniya game da jujjuyawar, amma wani ɗan sama jannati a tashar sararin samaniyar ƙasa da ƙasa zai iya lura da shi sosai.
Juyawan jujjuyawar duniya ana yin ta ne ta hanyar yamma-maso-gabas, wanda ke nufin idan za mu iya ganin duniyarmu daga sama (arewa pole) a sararin samaniya, za ta rika jujjuyawa a karkashi agogon baya, kamar dai sauran duniyoyin mu. tsarin hasken rana, ban da Venus.
Sakamakon motsin juyawar ƙasa
Cewa duniya ba ta daina jujjuya kanta ba yana haifar da wasu sakamako akan yanayin da a haƙiƙanin gaskiya suna da matuƙar mahimmanci ga arziƙin rayuwa kamar yadda muka santa, idan duniya ta daina jujjuyawa ba zato ba tsammani rayuwa ba zata wanzu ba!
Menene sakamakon jujjuyawar duniya?
Da rana da dare.
Ba tare da shakka ba wannan shine mafi mahimmanci kuma sananne ga duk tasirin juyawa akan motsi na Duniya. Rana da dare suna faruwa ne saboda duniya yayin da take jujjuyawa, tana canza matsayi tare da la'akari da rana a cikin yanayin zagaye (kowane sa'o'i 24).
Wannan al'amari, wanda muka sani a matsayin "kwanaki", yana ba da damar duniyar ta kasance cikin aminci ga hasken rana a sassa. Shan zafi da rana da fitar da shi da daddare, wanda ke taimakawa wajen daidaita zagayowar dukkan halittu masu rai a doron kasa.
Burge a Ecuador
Siffar taurarin, suna kumbura a tsakiya (Equatorial Line) kuma sun karkata zuwa ga sandunansu, saboda nakasar da aka samu ta hanyar tasirin centrifugal da ke haifarwa a sakamakon jujjuyawar duniya na tsawon shekaru. Wannan tasirin yana da mahimmanci a cikin al'amuran halitta kamar magudanar ruwa.
Iskski
Iskar da muke ji a sararin samaniyar wannan duniyar tamu, tana samuwa ne sakamakon jujjuyawarta, tun da yake wannan yana haifar da motsi marar motsi, wanda hakan ya sa iskar da ke cikin cikinta ke jujjuyawa daidai gwargwado amma kuma akasin haka dangane da alkiblar jujjuyawa. .
Motsin fassara
Fassara yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan guda 2 motsi na duniya, a wannan yanayin duniyar tana kewayawa da kewayen hasken rana saboda tasirin nauyi da Rana ke yi, jujjuyawar juzu'i a cikin tafsirin hasken rana yana ɗaukar kwanaki 365, sa'o'i 5 da mintuna 47, wanda ya yi daidai da abin da muka sani a matsayin shekara ta kalanda. . Saboda tasirin karfin hasken rana a wannan duniyar tamu, duniya tana tafiya tare da kewayanta cikin sauri mai ban mamaki na 106.200 km / h.
Duniyar mu tana da matsakaicin nisan kilomita miliyan 150 daga rana, amma hakan na iya bambanta kadan bisa ga matsayin duniyar da ke kewayawa, wanda ba ya zana cikakkiyar da'ira, amma siffar elliptical. Duniya ita ce mafi kusanci da rana a cikin watan Janairu, wanda ke haifar mana da tasirin da aka sani da perihelion (mafi kusancin nesa da rana yayin kewayawa).
Sakamakon motsin fassarar
Babban tasirin motsin fassara akan rayuwa a duniyarmu shine jerin yanayin yanayi a cikin shekara.
Ko da yake a yankin da ke kusa da Layin Equatorial (zazzabi na ƙasa), waɗannan canje-canjen ba su da kyau sosai, yayin da muke matsawa zuwa sandunan ƙasa, canjin yanayi a cikin shekara yana ƙara yin alama.
Wannan yana faruwa ne sakamakon karkatar da duniya ke yi a kan kusurwoyinta yayin da take kewaya rana, wanda ke nufin cewa, tsawon lokaci mai tsawo a kowace shekara, hasken rana ba ya karkata (hunturu) ko gaba daya kai tsaye (lokacin bazara).
Motsin duniya: gabanin ma'auni
Tare da precession na equinoxes mu dan zurfafa cikin lamarin kuma batun ya kara sarkakiya. Mu gani, Duniya ba wai kawai tana jujjuyawa a kan kusurwoyinta ba ne a kwance (juyawa) da kuma kewayen rana (fassara), tana kuma jujjuya kanta kamar yadda saman ke yi, tana canza alkiblar sandunanta dangane da sararin samaniya.
A wannan yanayin, sauyi ne a hankali da sannu-sannu wanda ke haifar da gatari na duniya don motsawa cikin yanayin madauwari. Ecliptic iyakacin duniya. Wannan motsi yana ɗaukar jimlar shekaru 25.776 don kammala juzu'i ɗaya na kewayawa.
Kowace zagaye na shekaru 25.776 da aka kammala a cikin wannan motsi ana kiranta da shekara ta platonic kuma tana ɗaukar lokaci mai tsawo saboda jujjuyawar polar a kusa da sandar husuma yana da sannu a hankali. Karɓar yana motsawa a kusan daƙiƙa 50.3 na jima'i a kowace shekara, yana motsa duniya digiri ɗaya a kowace shekara 71.
Don ƙarin fahimtar wannan motsi, zamu iya tunanin saman juyi. Sama ba wai kawai yana jujjuya kansa ba, yana kuma zazzagewa daga wannan gefe zuwa wancan, yana haifar da titinsa (ko sandarsa) yana canza matsayi game da sarari daga lokaci zuwa lokaci.
Kamar yadda muka ambata, motsi ne a hankali kuma yana iya yin bayanin lokutan canje-canje masu yawa a duniya, kamar sanannun shekarun kankara.
Motsi na abinci
Nutation wani motsi ne na duniya, wanda ke daidaitawa kuma yana ƙara haɗaɗɗun motsi na karkatar da ƙasa dangane da sandar husufi.
A wannan ma'ana, axis na terrestrial ba kawai yana motsawa yana kwatanta kewayawa a kusa da igiya na tunanin (daidaitaccen tsaka-tsakin ba), yana kuma girgiza daga wannan gefe zuwa wancan, lokaci-lokaci yana jujjuya karkatar da ƙasa daga hagu zuwa dama saboda tasirin iri ɗaya. nauyin duniya lokacin da karfin nauyi na Rana da wata ya shafe su a lokaci guda.
Wannan motsi kuma yana da dabara sosai, ko da yake ba da dabara ba kamar canjin daidaito. The terrestrial nutation yana sa duniya ta yi “rawowa”, tana jujjuyawa kusan daƙiƙa 9 na baka dangane da axis ɗinta kowace shekara 18.
Masanin ilmin taurari James Bradley ne ya gano wannan motsi a lokacin da yake nazarin madaidaicin gatari na polar duniya dangane da batun Aries.
Chandler Wobble
Chandler's wobble shine, na motsin ƙasa, wanda ya kasance An gano kwanan nan, kusan shekaru 100 da suka gabata, a cikin 1891.
The Chandler wobble wani dabara ne daban-daban a cikin axis wanda duniya ke juyawa, a halin yanzu yana bambanta akan ƙimar 0.7 arcseconds kawai kowace shekara da rabi.
Ba a san abubuwan da ke haifar da motsin Chandler a kusurwoyin duniya ba, amma a halin yanzu an yi imanin cewa yana faruwa ne saboda sake rarraba sararin duniya yayin da take juyawa, galibin benayen teku. Duk da haka, wannan ka'idar ba a tabbatar ba tukuna.