El Belin Orion ana kiransa da suna asterism a cikin taurarin Orion, yana kunshe da taurari masu haske guda uku, taurarin da aka fi sani da masu hikimar Uku kuma yana cikin mafi haske da ma'anar taurari a sararin sama na hunturu, ana yawan amfani da shi don gano ƙungiyar taurari. da Orion.
Menene ma'anar Orion's Belt?
An san ƙungiyar tauraro na Orion a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin mafi haske kuma mafi yawan taurarin taurari a sararin sama na dare, an daidaita shi a daidai madaidaicin sararin samaniya.
An bi Orion tun zamanin d ¯ a, wanda aka fi sani da Hunter, kamar yadda yake da alaƙa da ɗaya a cikin tatsuniyar Girkanci, yana nuna mafarauci Orion, wanda galibi ana kwatanta shi akan taswirar taurari kamar ƙalubalen Taurus, bijimin, yana tursasa 'yan'uwan Pleiades. wanda sanannen buɗaɗɗen saiti ko bin kurege tare da mafarautansa guda biyu, wanda ƙungiyar taurarin nan kusa Canis Major da Canis Minor suka bayyana.
Duba Orion's Belt a cikin sararin sama shine hanya mafi sauƙi don samun Orion a sararin sama, Taurari suna da yawa ko kaɗan a cikin layi madaidaiciya don haka ana iya ɗaukar su a matsayin bel na mafarauci, ana fi ganin su a sararin sama a lokacin hunturu na arewa da kudancin lokacin rani, musamman watan Janairu da misalin karfe 9:00 na dare.
Ganuwa
Ana iya ganin Orion a sararin sama na dare daga watan Nuwamba zuwa Fabrairu, yana cikin sararin kudu maso yamma idan kana arewa maso yammacin ko kuma a arewa maso yammacin sararin samaniya idan kana kudancin kudancin, an fi ganin shi a tsakanin latitudes 85 zuwa 75 digiri. hawansa kai tsaye sa'o'i biyar ne, kuma raguwarsa digiri biyar ne.
Alnilam, Mintaka da Alnitak su ne taurarin da ke kula da Orion's Belt, su ne fitattun taurari a cikin taurarin Orion. Betelgeuse, wanda aka sani a matsayin tauraro na biyu mafi haskakawa a Orion, ya kafa kafadar mafarauci ta dama. Bellatrix an kafa shi azaman kafadar hagu ta Orion.
Tare da rashin daidaituwa, dukkanin taurari masu mahimmanci a Orion suna da girma da haske shuɗi ko supergiants, kama daga Bellatrix zuwa Alnilam, Orion nebula ya fi kowane taurari da aka gani a hanyar kimanin shekaru 1.600 haske, Shekarar haske. ita ce tazarar da haske ke tafiya a cikin shekara guda, kimanin mil biliyan shida.
Banda shi ne tauraron Betelgeuse, wanda jajayen kato ne kuma daya daga cikin taurari mafi girma da aka taba gani, kuma ita ce tauraro daya tilo a sararin sama wanda ya dace da girma kuma kusa da shi wanda na'urar hangen nesa ta Hubble ta yi rikodin ta a matsayin faifai. Kyakkyawar ido zai kasance da alhakin iya ganin rashin daidaituwa a cikin launi tsakanin Betelgeuse da duk sauran taurari a Orion.
Taurari na iya gani ga ido tsirara
Sunayen taurarin nan guda uku sun fito ne daga Larabci, Alnilam na nufin “abin wuyan lu’u-lu’u” wanda aka ambata a kasa:
Alnitak
Yana da tsarin taurari uku a ƙarshen gabas na Belin Orion da kuma 1.260 haske shekaru daga Duniya. Alnitak B shine tauraro mai girma na hudu mai nau'in B wanda ke kewaya Alnitak A duk bayan shekaru 1500, na farko shi kansa binary na kusa ne wanda ke dauke da Alnitak Aa, wani shudi mai girman O9.7 Ibe kuma girman girman 2.0.
Alnitak Ab shi ne dwarf shudin shudi mai nau'in O9V kuma mai girman girman kusan 4, Alnitak Aa an kiyasta ya fi Rana girma har sau 28 kuma mafi girman diamita sau 20, shine tauraron O-class mafi haske a cikin sama dare.
Alnilam
Girgiza ce mai girma, kimanin shekaru 2000 na haske daga duniya kuma girmanta ya kai 1.70, ita ce tauraro na 29 mafi haske a sararin sama kuma na hudu mafi haske a Orion, ya fi Rana haske sau 375,000, bakan sa yana aiki a matsayin daya daga cikin barga. matattarar anka wanda aka rarraba sauran taurari da su.
mintaka
Yana da nisan shekarun haske 1200 kuma yana haskakawa a girman 2.21. Mintaka ya fi Rana haske sau 90,000, Mintaka tauraro biyu ne, taurarin biyu suna jujjuya juna a kowane kwana 5,73.
Nebulae
Orion Nebula yana daya daga cikin abubuwan da aka fi nazari da daukar hoto a sararin sama na dare, kuma yana daya daga cikin siffofin sararin samaniya da aka yi nazari sosai. Nebula ya bayyana abubuwa da yawa game da tsarin yadda taurari da tsarin taurari ke samuwa daga ruɗuwar gajimare na iskar gas da ƙura.
Horsehead Nebula
La Nebula Horsehead wani ɓangare ne na Cloud Orion ya fi girma, yawancin ayyukan almara da ke ƙasa suna amfani da nebula a cikin nau'i na girgije na duhu ko žasa da ba za a iya jurewa ba, wasu suna tunanin taurari da taurari da yawa a gaban ciki da kuma musamman bayan nebula .
harshen nebula
Nebula ce mai fitar da hayaki wacce ke cikin rukunin taurarin Orion, Mafarauci, nebula tana da tazarar kusan shekaru 1.350 daga Duniya kuma tana da girman girman 2, Flame Nebula yana mamaye wani yanki na mintuna 30 daga baka na sararin sama. , wani yanki ne na yanki mai girman taurari wanda aka sani da Orion Molecular Cloud Complex.
Flame Nebula gida ne ga rukunin taurarin matasa ɗari da yawa, kashi 86 cikin ɗari na waɗannan taurari suna da fayafai, ƙananan mambobi suna tattara su kusa da tsakiyar ƙungiyar, yayin da manyan membobi ana samun su a yankuna na waje.
An bayyana hakan ne a wani bincike da aka gudanar ta hanyar amfani da bayanai daga na’urar hangen nesa ta NASA na Chandra X-ray, da na’urar hangen nesa ta Spitzer, da na’urar hangen nesa ta Burtaniya ta Infrared da kuma na’urar hangen nesa ta 2MASS, wanda ya gano cewa taurarin da ke tsakiyar rukunin sun mallaki ‘yan shekaru 200,000 ne kawai, yayin da suke cikin kasashen waje sun kasance kimanin shekaru miliyan 1,5.
IC-434
Dokin da ke cikin ƙungiyar Orion the Hunter, Dokin doki wani ɓangare ne na gajimare mai kauri a gaban wani nebula mai aiki da tauraro wanda aka ƙididdige shi da IC434, tauraruwar nan mai haskakawa Sigma Orionis tana da'awar tada dokin nebulosity, wanda shine Yana sama. saman hoton.
Messi 78
Kurar kura ce mai tsaka-tsaki wacce take kimanin shekaru 1.600 daga doron duniya, tana haskaka ta cikin tsawon tsawon shekaru hudu na hasken wutar lantarkin da ke tattare da shi, masu haske, taurari irin na B, wadanda ke fitar da bakan da ke ci gaba da gudana, a yankin da ke can. Taurari masu karamin karfi 45 ne tare da layukan fitar da hydrogen, taurarin da ba sa sabawa ka'ida kamar tauraron T Tauri, wanda zai iya kasancewa a farkon matakan rayuwarsu.
Orion's Belt Stellar Association
Ƙungiyar tauraro Orion OB1 an santa da ƙungiyar ƙarshe na ɗimbin manyan taurari daban-daban na nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in O da B, waɗanda aka haɗa tare dubban ƙananan taurari ne da ƙarami amma halaye, wani ɓangare ne na mafi girma Orion Cloud, Saboda haka. zuwa ga kusancinsa da sarƙaƙƙiya, an gano shi a matsayin ƙungiyar OB da aka fi nazari.
Ƙungiyar Orion OB1 ta ƙunshi ƙungiyoyi masu zuwa:
- Orion OB1a: Ƙungiyar taurari a arewa maso yammacin Orion Belt tare da matsakaicin shekaru kimanin shekaru miliyan 12, a cikin wannan rukuni akwai wata ƙungiya mai suna Oronis 5 group.
- Orion OB1b: Taurari uku masu haske na Ori (Alnitak), Ori (Alnilam) da Ori (Mintaka) wadanda suka hada da asterism da ake kira "Orion Belt" da kuma kananan taurari, wannan rukuni yana da matsakaicin shekaru kimanin shekaru miliyan 8 kuma an rarraba shi zuwa rukuni uku.
- Orion OB1c: Taurari a cikin takobin Orion, shekaru miliyan 3-6.
- Orions OB1d: Taurari na Orion nebula da M43 (ƙananan taurari).
Al'adar al'adu na Orion's Belt
Orion sanannen ƙungiyar taurari ce a cikin al'adu daban-daban, misali:
- A Ostiraliya, taurarin da suka kafa Orion's Belt da Sword ana kiran su Olla ko Cacerolam.
- A Afirka ta Kudu, taurari uku na Belin Orion suna da matsayi mai kyau kamar Drie Konings, yana da alaƙa da masu hikima uku ko Drie Susters, wanda yake daidai da 'yan'uwa mata uku.
- A Spain da Latin Amurka, ana kiran taurari Las Tres Marías ko Las Tres Marías.
- An san bel ɗin taurari uku a Portugal da Kudancin Amirka da Las Tres Marias, suna kuma alamar sararin samaniyar arewacin dare lokacin da rana ta kasance mafi ƙasƙanci kuma sun kasance alama ce mai kyau don kiyaye lokaci.
- A cikin Filipinas da Puerto Rico, ana kiran su Los Tres Reyes Magos, taurari sun fara bayyana a farkon Janairu a lokacin Epiphany, wani biki na Kirista wanda ke tunawa da ziyarar Sarakuna Uku ga Jariri Yesu.
- A Seri, mutanen arewa maso yammacin Mexico suna kiran taurari uku na ribbon Hapj (sunan da ke nuna mafarauci), wanda ya ƙunshi taurari uku, Hap (alfadar barewa), Haamoja (Pronghorn), da Mojet (rams) . Hap yana tsakiya kuma wani mafarauci ya harbe shi, jininsa na malalowa a tsibirin Tiburon.
- A cikin Maza a Baƙar fata, masu fafutuka suna bincika Halayen Galaxies, babban tushen makamashi, wanda bisa ga baƙon shine "a cikin Belin OrionNeman Samuwar Orion's Belt, amma ba za a sami galaxy a wurin ba, a ƙarshe, sun gane cewa galaxy yana ɓoye a cikin wani jauhari a wuyan wani baƙo mai suna Orion.
