Panda Bear ko Giant Panda, na daya daga cikin nau'in dabbobi masu shayarwa da ke cikin tsarin namun daji, saboda haka ne aka haifar da cece-kuce, amma duk da haka, bisa wasu bincike daban-daban da aka gudanar kan DNA dinsa, an tabbatar da cewa. panda na bear na dangin bear ne ko Ursidae, kamar dai yadda beyar da ke kallon beyar ita ce mafi kusancin dangi. Idan kuna son ƙarin sani game da Halayen Panda Bear, kada ku yi shakka a ci gaba da karanta wannan labarin.
Halayen Panda Bear
Panda bear yana da jiki mai kama da na duk bears. Wannan katon beyar abin so yana da baqar fur a kunnuwansa da kuma kewayen idanunsa, wanda hakan ya sa ya yi kama da sanye da tabarau; haka kuma a kan hancinsa, hannaye da kuma a kafadarsa, yana fitar da waɗannan sassa, sauran gashinsa gaba ɗaya fari ne. Ko da yake masana kimiyya har yanzu ba su san dalilin da ya sa waɗannan berayen masu ban mamaki suke da waɗannan baƙon launuka a cikin gashin su ba, da yawa daga cikinsu sun yi nisa da hasashen cewa wannan gagarumin bambanci a cikin gashin gashinsu yana ba su cikakkiyar kamala a cikin mazauninsu, wanda ke da alaƙa da dutse. , duhu ko ma dusar ƙanƙara.
Jawo na panda bear yana da yawa sosai, wannan yana ba shi zafi mai yawa a cikin dazuzzukan sanyi masu tsananin sanyi waɗanda galibi suke zama. Haka nan kuma suna da manya-manyan haƙoran ƙwanƙwasa, suma suna da ƙarfi sosai a muƙamuƙinsu, waɗannan suma suna taimaka musu wajen iya tauna bamboo da kyau. Ƙafafunsa sun ƙunshi yatsu biyar da kuma babban yatsa. Abin da muka sani a matsayin babban yatsan hannu shi ake kira da gyara musu kashin sesamoid.
Waɗannan berayen suna da wutsiya mafi tsayi na biyu na dukan dangin Ursidae ko dangin Bear, tunda wutsiyarsu na iya auna kusan santimita 15 a tsayi. Wuri na farko a cikin wannan, shine Tibet Bear. Siffar siffa tasu ita ce idanuwansu, domin almajiransu ba madauwari ba ne kamar na sauran danginsu, waɗannan za su kasance masu tsayi, kama da na kuliyoyi. Yana da matukar mahimmanci a lura cewa panda bears na iya rayuwa cikin kwanciyar hankali shekaru 20 a cikin cikakkiyar 'yanci da shekaru 30 idan suna cikin bauta.
Nawa ne nauyinsu?
A lokacin haihuwar su, panda bears suna yin nauyi tsakanin gram 100-200. Yanzu, da zarar sun zama manya, mazan kan kai kilogiram 150 ko makamancin haka, a daya bangaren kuma, mata kan yi nauyi har kilo 125.
Nawa?
Yaran Panda akai-akai suna auna tsakanin 15-17 centimeters tsawon. A lokacin girma, waɗannan berayen masu ban sha'awa suna da tsayi kusan mita 1,5. Ya kamata a lura cewa mata yawanci ƙanana ne fiye da maza, kusan 10% ko 20% ƙasa da maza.
Ina Panda Bear ke zama?
Panda bear na zama a kai a kai a wurare da dama na tsaunuka a ko'ina cikin tsakiyar kasar Sin, musamman a lardin da ake kira Sichuan, ko da yake sun yi fice wajen zama a wasu larduna kamar Shaanxi da Gansu. Gine-ginen gonaki da yawa, sare dazuzzuka, da sauran ci gaban birane ya sa waɗannan kyawawan berayen suka yi watsi da waɗannan ƙananan yankunan da suke zaune a da.
Yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa panda bears ba su da sauƙi a gani a wasu sassan duniya, bisa ga bincike daban-daban da ƙididdiga, an yi nuni da cewa adadin panda bears da ya rage a duniya yana da ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun abubuwa da kuma cewa, bugu da ƙari kuma, adadin pandas bai yi yawa ba. adadin kwafin da suka rage. Yawan jama'a na waɗannan beyar panda ba a samun su a cikin daji, saboda haka, an haife su daga 0 a zaman bauta.
Kamar yadda aka ambata a baya, waɗannan berayen suna zaune a cikin tsaunukan tsaunukan kasar Sin, musamman tsaunukan Minshan, Quinling, Quionglai, Daxiangling, Liangshan, da kuma Xiaoxiangling. Duk waɗannan tsaunuka suna kan matsakaicin tsayi tsakanin kilomita 1,5 zuwa 3,5.
Bi da bi, da yawa daga cikin wadannan bears suna rayuwa a sassa daban-daban na Vietnam, duk da cewa godiya ga hannun mutum, yawan waɗannan berayen ya ragu sosai. Ko da yake a bayyane yake cewa panda bear a halin yanzu yana zaune a kasashen Sin da Tibet, wasu shekaru da suka gabata an gano burbushin halittu wanda ya nuna cewa Panda Bear ya zauna a Burma, wasu sassa na Vietnam, har ma a kasar Sin.
Ana iya cewa madaidaicin wurin zama na waɗannan berayen dole ne ya kasance da kwanciyar hankali da kwanciyar hankali waɗanda ba sa fama da kowane irin gagarumin bambance-bambance. Duk wannan kwanciyar hankali a yanayin yana hana beyar fuskantar sauye-sauye mai ƙarfi na yanayin zafi wanda zai iya cutar da su, kuma ana samun wannan kwanciyar hankali cikin sauƙi a cikin tsaunuka masu tsayin da ke tsakanin kilomita 1.300 zuwa 3.500.
Yana da mahimmanci a jaddada cewa irin wannan nau'in yanayi yana da matukar dacewa ga ci gaban bamboo, wanda shine babban abinci a cikin dukan abincin pandas. A yau, muna iya ganin cewa pandas na rayuwa a cikin wuraren zama na kusan murabba'in kilomita 9.000. Waɗannan manyan wurare na ƙasar dole ne su kasance da kyakkyawan yanayin zafi, kuma su kasance wurare masu sanyi sosai. Wannan da kansa ya kawo a sakamakon cewa su ne yankunan da yawa Pine da daban-daban conifers.
Wuraren da ke da dazuzzuka masu yawa suna nufin wurare masu kyau don waɗannan pandas su zauna, saboda koyaushe suna neman hawa dogayen bishiyoyi don zama a ɓoye koyaushe. Yawancin lokaci suna zaune a cikin gandun daji na eucalyptus, tun da wannan shuka ɗaya ce mafi mahimmanci a cikin dukan abincin su.
Yana da mahimmanci a tuna cewa panda bears dabbobi ne maras kyau a ma'anarsu, wannan yana nufin cewa koyaushe za su nemi rayuwa kusa da tushen abinci don kada su yi ƙoƙari sosai don samun shi. Baya ga haka, maharan ba su kan zama a cikin wadannan dazuzzukan masu yawan gaske, wanda hakan ke sa su ji matukar koshin lafiya kuma ba sa daukar wani mataki na kare kansu.
Abincin
Ko da yake an rarraba taxonomically a matsayin masu cin nama, waɗannan berayen masu ban sha'awa suna da abincin da aka samo asali akan ganye daban-daban, tare da bamboo shine babban abincinsu. Duk da wannan, panda bear har yanzu yana da tsarin narkewar abinci da kwayoyin halittar da ke nuna cewa su masu cin nama ne a fili. Don haka, suna samun furotin kaɗan da kuzari kaɗan daga bamboo. Babban ikonsa na narkar da cellulose ana danganta shi gaba ɗaya ga ƙwayoyin cuta da aka samu a cikin hanjin sa. Yawancin pandas na manya na iya samun abincin bamboo yau da kullun na kilogiram 9 zuwa 14.
Da yake waɗannan berayen suna da ƙarancin abinci mai ƙarancin gaske, yana da mahimmanci koyaushe don kiyaye tsarin narkewar su gaba ɗaya. Ƙarƙashin shigar da kuzari ga jikinsu, wanda aka ɗora shi ta hanyar abincinsu, ya yi tasiri sosai ga halayen waɗannan pandas. Godiya ga wannan, suna da matuƙar iyakance kowane nau'in hulɗar zamantakewa kuma koyaushe za su guje wa ƙasa tare da tudu masu tudu, suna guje wa gajiyar kuzarinsu ta kowace hanya.
Biyu daga cikin mafi kyawun halaye na beyar panda, kamar zagayen fuskarsa da babban jikinsa, ana bayar da su ne sakamakon abincin da yake ci akan bamboo. Waɗannan kyawawan berayen suna iya cin kowane nau'in bamboo iri 25 da ake iya samu a duniya. Wasu daga cikin waɗannan nau'ikan bamboo sune Fargesia Dracocephala ko Fargesia Rufa. Yana da mahimmanci a ambaci cewa a yankunan da waɗannan berayen ke zaune babu nau'in nau'in nau'in bamboo iri-iri, wannan ya faru ne saboda girman tsayin waɗannan tsaunuka.
Me yasa yake cikin haɗarin bacewa?
Panda bear yana daya daga cikin nau'ikan dabbobin da a yau suke cikin hadarin bacewa, shi ya sa yake bukatar kariya. A cikin ƴan shekarun da suka gabata an sami rahotanni da bincike da yawa waɗanda ke goyan bayan wannan da'awar. Wani rahoto da aka fitar a shekarar 2007 ya nuna cewa, akwai panda bear 236 da ke zaman garkuwa a daukacin yankin kasar Sin, haka kuma, akwai wasu panda guda 27 da ke wajen kasar.
Duk wannan yawan jama'a na miyagu suna da bambanci sosai; Wani bincike da aka yi kiyasin cewa za a iya samun kusan 1.590 daga cikinsu suna rayuwa cikin 'yanci baki daya, a halin da ake ciki, wani rahoton da aka gudanar a shekarar 2006 ya nuna cewa ta hanyar daukar hoton yatsun kwayoyin halitta ana iya tabbatar da cewa akwai adadi mafi girma, wannan adadi zai iya kaiwa tsakanin 2.000 zuwa 3.000. 2016. A cikin watan Satumba na XNUMX, IUCN (Ƙungiyar Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙirar Halitta ta Duniya) ta ayyana panda bear a matsayin dabba mai rauni.
Juyin Halitta da Hali
Yayin da pandas ke cikin cikakken 'yanci, yawanci dabbobi ne masu natsuwa, waɗanda ke shafe tsawon kwanakin su don neman abinci, musamman bamboo. Suna yin bincike a duk dazukan bamboo kusa da tsaunukan Qinling da kuma cikin lardin Sichuan. Ko da yake yawanci dabbobi ne masu kaɗaici, duk manya suna da cikakkiyar alama, haka kuma, mata ba sa yarda da kasancewar sauran mata a cikin kewayen su kwata-kwata.
Waɗannan kyawawan beyoyin suna sadarwa ta hanyar surutu daban-daban kamar tarar bishiyoyi daban-daban ko barin alamar fitsari. Wadannan pandas na iya hawa dukkan bishiyar, a cikin wadannan bishiyoyi guda daya za su iya yin matsuguni mai dadi, ko ma su kan yi matsuguni a rafukan duwatsu, duk da cewa ba sa yin burbushin da suka dade a ciki. Don haka, pandas dabbobi ne da ba sa yin barci, ba kamar sauran dabbobi masu shayarwa ba, maimakon yin haka, pandas yakan matsa zuwa tsayin daka wanda ya fi zafi.
A cikin ɗan gajeren mataki na jima'i, pandas suna yin hulɗar zamantakewa, saduwa da mata da maza na kusa. Bayan aikin haifuwa, mazan suna barin mace don ta iya renon 'ya'yan, wanda shine ɗan kwikwiyo, a ko'ina cikin tsaunuka.
Sake bugun
Da fari dai, hanyar da aka fi bi wajen kiwo pandas a zaman talala ita ce ta amfani da bazuwar roba; Wannan shi ne saboda yawancin pandas, bayan an kama su, suna nuna rashin amincewa da auren jima'i. Saboda wannan dalili, masana kimiyya sun koma yin amfani da matsananci kuma har ma da hanyoyi masu ban mamaki kamar ba da Viagra ga dukan maza, ko ma nuna musu bidiyon pandas.
A cikin ƴan shekarun da suka gabata ne waɗannan shirye-shiryen kiwon panda suka fara samun nasara. Bincike daban-daban sun nuna cewa wannan nau'in nau'in beyar yana da nau'i mai kama da juna tare da al'ummomi daban-daban na baƙar fata na Amurka, wanda shine dangin bear na girma. A yau matsakaicin haifuwa na shekara-shekara na waɗannan berayen ya kai kusan ɗaiɗai ɗaya kowace shekara biyu.
Wadannan dabbobi masu ban sha'awa sun kai cikakkiyar balagarsu tsakanin shekaru hudu zuwa takwas, kuma daga nan za su iya hayayyafa har sai sun kai shekaru 20. Matakin haihuwa shine tsakanin Maris da Mayu, lokacin da mata suka shiga wannan zagayowar suna wucewa ne kawai tsakanin kwanaki biyu zuwa uku, yana da mahimmanci a san cewa mata suna shiga wannan zagayen sau ɗaya kawai a shekara.
A lokacin saduwar aure, mata suna tsugunne da kawunansu, namiji ya ci gaba da hawa saman mace daga baya, ana maimaita wannan aikin sau da yawa don tabbatar da cewa haifuwa ya sami nasara gaba daya. Duk tsawon lokacin ciki na ɗan kwikwiyo na gaba yana ɗauka tsakanin kwanaki 95 zuwa 160, kodayake matsakaicin yawanci kwanaki 120 ne. Waɗannan ƙananan berayen da aka haifa yawanci suna auna tsakanin 90 zuwa 130 grams kawai, wannan yana wakiltar ƙasa da 1/800 na jimlar nauyin mahaifiyarsu.
baby panda
A lokacin haihuwa, panda bears launin ruwan hoda ne, ba su da hakora, kuma makafi ne gaba daya. 'Ya'yan Panda ƙananan ƙananan ne, wanda ya sa ya zama aiki mai wuyar gaske ga uwa ta kula da su daidai. Waɗannan 'ya'yan suna ciyar da mahaifiyarsu tsakanin sau shida zuwa goma sha huɗu a rana, aikin da ke ɗaukar kusan mintuna 30 kowane lokaci. Sa'an nan kuma, na kimanin sa'o'i uku ko hudu, mahaifiyar dole ne ta bar cikin rami don ta iya ciyar da kanta, ta bar jaririn ta gaba daya.
Kimanin mako daya ko biyu bayan haihuwar beyar, fatarta ta fara yin toka-toka, launin toka wanda daga baya zai zama siffa ta wannan nau'in launin bakar fata. Launi mai haske mai haske zai bayyana a cikin gashin sa, wannan yana faruwa ne saboda wani sinadari da ke faruwa tsakanin gashin kwikwiyo da kuma yaushin mahaifiyarsa. Bayan wata daya cikakke, ci gaban duk gashinsa ya ƙare. Wannan zai fara zama mai laushi da yawa tare da shuɗewar shekarun rayuwar ku.
Bayan shafe tsakanin kwanaki 70 zuwa 80, panda ya fara rarrafe. Bayan watanni shida za su iya fara cin gora kadan kadan, kodayake madarar nono za ta kasance babban abincinsu a tsawon shekara ta farko ta rayuwa. Yayin da suke girma a cikin shekara ta farko suna iya yin nauyin kilogiram 45 mai ban mamaki, haka kuma, waɗannan jariran suna rayuwa tare da uwayensu har sai sun kai watanni 18 ko kuma sun kai shekaru 2. Pandas a cikin daji yawanci suna da tazarar haihuwa kusan shekaru biyu.
Nau'in Panda Bears
Watakila saboda yanayin yanayinsa, ko kuma saboda bambance-bambance a cikin al'adunsa idan aka kwatanta da duka dangi, giant panda ko panda bear, na dogon lokaci an haɗa su a cikin dangin da ake kira procyonids, ta wannan hanyar an yi imanin cewa waɗannan su ne manyan dangi na raccoons. A cikin wannan iyali kuma an haɗa da panda na ja, duk da cewa a yau an san cewa wannan ba shi da dangantaka da raccoons ko pandas, sai dai cewa wannan wani nau'i ne na musamman a cikin jinsinsa, wanda ake kira Ailurus.
A zamanin yau, yawancin bincike da gwaje-gwajen kwayoyin halitta sun tabbatar da cewa panda bear ko giant bear na dangin bear ne kuma mai suna Ursidae. Bayanan burbushin halittu sun nuna a fili yadda pandas ya mamaye sauran sassa na duniya, hatta a matsugunai daban-daban, baya ga wannan, binciken kwayoyin halittar ya haifar da wani abin sha'awa mai ban sha'awa; cewa wannan nau'in bea ya zo ya rayu a cikin matsala fiye da shekaru 40.000 da suka wuce a baya. Saboda dalilai daban-daban da ba a san su ba kamar sababbin mafarauta, yanayi na yanayi, da dai sauransu, sun zama batattu, sun bar wasu tsiraru kawai, waɗannan su ne kakannin duk manyan berayen na yanzu.
Idan kana son ƙarin sani game da sauran dabbobi a duniya, kada ku yi shakka don ci gaba da karanta waɗannan labaran:
Dabbobi masu shayarwa