Akwai nau'in tsuntsayen ganima iri-iri, masu ban sha'awa sosai don kyawawan furanninsu kuma suna sha'awar ƙarfinsu. Wadannan tsuntsaye sun sami ci gaban juyin halitta a tsawon lokaci kuma akwai dubban nau'in jinsuna a kasashe daban-daban. Haɗu da waɗannan tsuntsaye masu ban mamaki a cikin wannan labarin.
Birds Raptors
Galibi tsuntsayen farauta ne masu cin nama, suna da manya-manyan idanuwa wadanda ke ba su damar samun kyakykyawan gani sosai kuma ana siffanta su da kakkarfan baki mai lankwasa, da kuma farauta masu ratsa zuciya don cinye abin da suka gani. Har ila yau, suna wasa da tsokoki masu tauri da tsummoki waɗanda ke ba su damar tashi cikin shiru. Suna iya ciyar da kwari da dabbobi masu rai ko matattu masu girma dabam dabam. Ana iya samun su a wurare daban-daban kuma sun zo da girma dabam, kawunansu kadan ne dangane da jikinsu da idanunsu.
Nau'in Tsuntsayen Ganawa
Ana san su da waɗannan sunaye guda uku kuma an rarraba su zuwa manyan rukuni biyu gwargwadon lokacin da suke raye, waɗannan su ne:
Dare Tsuntsaye na ganima
Wadannan tsuntsayen da ke kadaici suna rayuwa da daddare, saboda ganinsu yana inganta a cikin duhu da kuma jinsu. Suna da manyan idanuwa da kunnuwa tare da ƙaramin ƙugiya da fuska mai siffar zagaye. Kyawun furensa ya bambanta tsakanin launin ja, rawaya, launin ruwan kasa ko baƙar fata. A cikin su muna samun mujiya, mujiya, mujiya, da dai sauransu, wadanda suke tashi shiru don kada su tsorata. Ana kuma san su da strigiformes.
Tsuntsayen ganima na Diurnal
Akwai jinsuna da yawa waɗanda suke yin wannan wuraren tsuntsayen kuma ana samun su a sassa daban-daban na duniya ban da Antarctica; An siffanta su da wani ƙaƙƙarfan jiki, ƙaƙƙarfan tsoka da ƙananan ƙafafu masu dogayen yatsu a cikin su suna da manyan farata waɗanda suke ɗaure ganima da su. Bakinsa yana da siffa mai lankwasa, kansa zagaye da kaurinsa na da matukar muhimmanci ga rayuwar tsuntsun, wadanda galibinsu ba su da kyau.
Golden Eagle (Aquila chrysaetos)
Mikiya na zinare na daya daga cikin sanannun tsuntsayen ganima kuma ana amfani da ita a matsayin alamar ruhi da jajircewa, tun da yake ana siffanta shi da karfinsa da karfin hawan sama, yana da ikon daga ganimarsa daga kasa. Komai mene. Ka yi sama da nauyinka kuma farauta yayin tashi. Yana da sauƙi a samu a yankuna daban-daban yana jin daɗin gani sosai kuma a lokacin tsufa ya keɓe kansa don fuskantar yanayin yanayin yanayi wanda a cikinsa yana sabunta baki, farata da gashin fuka-fukan duhu don tsawaita rayuwarsa.
Mikiya Owl (Bubo bubo)
Ana iya samun su a cikin ƙananan hamada, a cikin tundras da gandun daji, sun fi son wuraren da ke cike da bishiyoyi, tun da yake yanki ne kuma kawai kadai. Ana iya ganin su da yawa a Eurasia inda aka haifa da yawa a cikin bauta. Suna da girma kuma suna fitar da sautin da ake iya ji har zuwa kilomita 2. Ayyukanta na dare ne wanda a cikinsa shiru yayi yana duban abin da ya gamu da shi ya sauko da sauri ya kashe shi da farantansa. Yawancin waɗannan ganima dabbobi masu shayarwa ne.
Eurasian Vulture (Torgos tracheliotus)
Har ila yau ana kiranta ungulu mai fuskantar lappet, tana cikin Afirka, tana da girma kuma tana da wuyansa ba tare da fuka-fukan hoda ba. Lokacin da ake ciyarwa, yana shiga tare da ƙaƙƙarfan baki, naman da ya mutu na dabba. Wannan siffa ta bambanta ta da sauran ungulu, yayin da suke jiran tururuwa don aiwatar da wannan tsari don ciyar da sassa mafi laushi na gawa. A daya bangaren kuma, ta fi son bishiyu su yi gidaje su huta, da bude wuraren neman abinci.
Common Sparrowhawk (Accipiter nisus)
Ana samunsa a Eurasia, Japan da Vietnam, a cikin gandun daji. An bambanta wannan nau'in ne saboda mace tana da girman kashi 25% fiye da namiji kuma tana da ninki biyu, furensa yayi kama da na mujiya shaho da warbler shaho, launinsa shuɗi ne mai launin shuɗi tare da lemu kuma tare da ƙaramin baki yana riƙe da ganimarsu. kafin a kashe su ko kuma a raba su, kafafun da ke da dogayen yatsu masu sirara suna taimakawa wajen wannan tsari. A tarihi an yaba da jaruntaka kuma an yi amfani da shi azaman alama a tatsuniyar Girka.
Eurasian Sparrowhawk yana son farautar kowane nau'in tsuntsun daji, amma kuma yana ciyar da tsuntsayen da ake samu a cikin lambuna, yana da tasiri na 10% lokacin da yake tashi ƙasa don kama ganima. Yana yin gida mai tsayi da tsayin santimita 60 wanda a cikinsa yakan yi ƙwai guda 4 zuwa 5 masu ban mamaki saboda launin shuɗi da launin ruwan kasa kuma bayan an dasa su tsawon kwanaki 33 ana haihuwar kajin, waɗanda ke da wahalar rayuwa a cikin shekara ta farko. .
Peregrine Falcon (Falco peregrinus)
An san shi a matsayin mafi sauri a duniya, ana samun shi a cikin duwatsu, kwari, bakin teku da birane. Girman su yana da girma, kodayake mata sun fi maza girma 30%, gabaɗaya launinsu duhu ne, suna da kai baƙar fata, tare da fikafikai masu sirara; Yana da sauri sosai lokacin farauta ko nutsewa kuma yana iya tashi sama da kilomita 300 / h. Yana iya rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 15 da rabi.
Tana da fifikon farauta da sanyin safiya kuma a ƙarshen yini, abincinta ya ƙunshi tsuntsaye irin su kutuwa, tattabarai, agwagwa; dabbobi masu shayarwa, kananan dabbobi masu rarrafe, rodents da kuma kwari, wadanda aka samu a bakin teku suna farautar tsuntsayen teku kuma a cikin birane sun fi son kurciya. Za su iya hayayyafa a cikin shekara ta biyu ko ta uku ta rayuwa tare da abokin tarayya guda, wanda suke tono rami ko dai a cikin yashi ko a cikin ciyayi don yin ƙwai.
Ƙananan Mujiya (Athene noctua)
Yarinyar mujiya tana da manyan idanu masu launin rawaya, girmansa daga baki zuwa wutsiya yawanci yakan kai kusan 25 cm tsayi, gajere, kauri, launin ruwan kasa tare da fararen aibobi da gajerun fuka-fuki. Yana fitar da sauti mai ƙarfi da kaifi galibi a ƙarshen rana. Yawancin lokaci ana samun shi a yankuna masu bishiyar zaitun kamar kudancin Turai da arewacin Afirka. Yana ciyar da ƙananan dabbobi masu shayarwa, manyan kwari, ƙananan tsuntsaye da tsutsotsi kuma suna kama da Scops Owl.
Barn Owl (Tyto alba)
Ana iya samun wannan nau'in tsuntsaye a rarraba a ko'ina cikin duniya, musamman a yankunan karkara. An siffanta su da samun gajerun fikafikai masu zagaye, bugu da kari kyakyawan ji da hangen nesa in babu haske, wanda hakan ya sauwaka musu wajen kai hari a tsakiyar duhu, don haka sai su jira suna kallon ganimarsu suna motsa kawunansu a cikin haka. hanyar da ba za a iya gane su ba. Ta haka ne suke shayar da kananun tsuntsaye da beraye irinsu shre da beraye da kuma kwari.
Dangane da murya, mujiya sito ba ta fitar da takamaiman sautin da zai gane su, sai dai yana fitar da hushi ne kawai lokacin da ya ji wani haɗari ko lokacin da 'ya'yansa ke buƙatar ciyarwa. Su matsakaici ne, tsayinsa ya kai cm 33 zuwa 35, kuma ba sa nuna bambance-bambance masu yawa tsakanin maza da mata, kamar yadda sau da yawa yakan faru da tsuntsayen ganima. Game da haifuwarsa, ba shi da takamaiman lokacin da za a yi shi kuma yana kwanciya tsakanin ƙwai 4 zuwa 7.
Kestrel (Falco tinnunculus)
Suna da tsayin 34 zuwa 38 cm daga kai zuwa saman wutsiya, mazan suna da shuɗi mai launin shuɗi mai launin toka mai launin toka sannan kuma fiffiken fuka-fukan suna da tagulla tare da baƙar fata kuma ana lura da wutsiya mai fa'ida sosai. launin toka mai launin toka a saman a kasa wani gefen duhu mai zagaye. Wurin da ya fi so shi ne ciyayi mai kauri, da kuma fili, amma yana hurumi a cikin ramuka ko tsagewar bishiyoyi, gine-gine ko duwatsu da kuma a kasa.
Wani yanayin da ke da alaƙa da kestrel na gama gari shine ikonsa na kasancewa mara motsi a cikin iska, yana kallon abin da yake ganimar sa'an nan kuma ya zube, musamman akan ƙananan dabbobi masu shayarwa. Dangane da haifuwa, yawanci a lokacin bazara kuma yana iya yin ciki daga ƙwai uku zuwa shida, wannan tsari yana ɗaukar kwanaki 26 zuwa 31, wanda galibi mace ce ke aiwatar da shi yayin da namiji ke neman abinci.
Goshawk na kowa (Accipiter gentilis)
The Common Goshawk ne mai karfi mafarauci halin da taurin a cikin muhallin halittu inda itatuwa suka fi yawa, da mazauninsu ne m dazuzzuka da suke a cikin filayen da tsaunuka, musamman a Arewacin Amirka, Asia da Turai. A daya bangaren kuma, launin gashin fuka-fukansa ya yi kama da na fulawa, duk da cewa dangin mikiya ne da gwaggo. Tsarin fuka-fukansa da wutsiya suna ba shi damar yin motsi a tsakiyar ciyayi masu yawa.
Abincin waɗannan tsuntsaye na ganima yana kunshe da tsuntsaye daban-daban da ƙananan dabbobi masu shayarwa, suna nunawa a rana. Suna gina gidajensu a cikin bishiyoyin da suke kwanciya tsakanin ƙwai 3 zuwa 4. Ana iya lura da wasu kamanceceniya da mikiya dangane da sifar kai, da baki da kuma farata mai ƙarfi. An dauki goshawk na kowa a matsayin tsuntsu na jihar Punjab, wanda shine ɗayan yankunan da suka hada da Indiya.
Andean Condor (Vultur gryphus)
Bakar tsuntsu ne, yana da fararen fuka-fukai a wuyansa da fukafukansa kuma kansa ba shi da gashin fuka-fuki. Ya bambanta da yawancin raptors a cikin cewa namiji ya fi mace girma. Sun nuna cewa suna iya rayuwa tsawon shekaru da yawa kuma haifuwarsu ba ta da yawa, tunda suna iya yin hakan daga shekaru 5 zuwa 6 kuma ana iya ɗaukar shekaru 2 kafin a haifi kwai. Tana cikin kewayon tsaunin Andean kuma kusa da Tekun Atlantika da Pacific.
Condor na Andean yana ciyar da matattun dabbobi, farawa da sassa masu laushi, wannan yana yiwuwa godiya ga ƙaƙƙarfan baki wanda yake yaga fata da kyallen takarda. Yana kan dogayen duwatsu masu tsayi inda za a iya kiyaye shi daga iska, ruwan sama da sauran mafarauta. Musamman ma, an yi amfani da shi azaman alamar ƙasa na ƙasashe daban-daban na Kudancin Amirka ciki har da Argentina, Colombia, Chile, Ecuador da Venezuela.
Buzzard gama gari (Buteo buteo)
Yana da alaƙa da samun baki baki, launin ruwan kasa da fari a cikin gashinsa, yana da wutsiya mai siffar fan: fadi da gajere. Fuka-fukansa suna nuna halaye iri ɗaya kamar wutsiya, fadi da gajere, wanda ke ba shi damar yin wasu ƙwanƙwasa, ƙwanƙwasa masu ɗorewa, ta hanyar madauwari, tare da murɗa mai laushi. Ya fi son buɗaɗɗen wurare irin su ciyayi tare da gandun daji, makiyaya, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa ana iya samuwa a Turai, Caucasus, Iran, Rasha, Indiya da Afirka; suna zaune a wadannan wurare kuma ƙauransu na da nisa.
Buzzard yana da ƙarfi, ƙarami kuma matsakaici. Kamar sauran tsuntsayen ganima, tana ciyar da kananun dabbobi masu shayarwa kuma ana samun su da kwari, tsutsotsin ƙasa da ƙananan kashin baya, kamar tsuntsaye da dabbobi masu rarrafe. Siffar Buzzard ta musamman ita ce tsuntsu mai yawan hayaniya tun daga ranar haihuwarsa kuma ana jin muryarsa a kowane lokaci na shekara.
ungulu mai gemu (Gypaetes barbatus)
Wannan ungulu na cikin rukunin tsuntsayen da ke cikin hadarin bacewa a nahiyar Turai, yana da fuka-fuki dogaye da kunkuntar fuka-fuki, fuka-fukai a kansa wanda ya bambanta shi da sauran ungulu kuma yana iya kaiwa kilogiram 4,5 zuwa 7. Yana cikin tudu, tudu da ƙaƙƙarfan ƙasa tare da duwatsu ko kwazazzabo inda za su iya jefa ganima. Ta wannan ma'ana, suna cikin Asiya, Turkiyya, China, Afirka da Turai.
Wani abin mamaki game da wannan tsuntsu shi ne, abincin da yake ci yana da kasusuwa, wanda yakan jira sauran dabbobi masu cin nama su cinye sassa masu laushi na mamaci, sannan su je su ci ƙashinsa, za su iya cin guntun 20 cm. a tsayi. Idan kasusuwan sun zarce haka, sai a jefa su a kan duwatsu har sai an karya su kanana da za su iya hadiye su. Nan take musamman sunanta ya fito. Bugu da kari, tana ciyar da ragowar nama da fatu, kadangaru da beraye.
Osprey (Pandion haliaetus)
Kamar yadda sunanta ya nuna, tana kifaye kuma tana zaune a kusa da tabkuna da gaɓar ruwa kusa da inda suke gina gidajensu da ragowar bishiyoyi da sanduna. Tsawon rayuwarsa shine shekaru 20 zuwa 25 kuma manyan halayensa sune: farin baya, gashin fuka-fukan launin ruwan kasa, wutsiya kunkuntar da tsayi, fuka-fuki masu siffar kusurwa. Ana rarraba irin wannan nau'in tsuntsu a ko'ina cikin duniya, yana sauƙaƙa samunsa. Wani fasali mai ban sha'awa na osprey shine cewa ya kasance tare da abokin tarayya ɗaya a duk rayuwarsa.
Sauran tsuntsayen ganima ko ganima
Yana ƙara nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan da suka haɗa da tsuntsayen ganima, suna kiyaye hanyar rayuwa ta mafarauta kuma a halin yanzu suna samun kariyar doka ko da yake a baya ba haka ba ne. Bambance-bambancen su ya danganta ne da dabi’unsu da dabi’unsu da kuma wuraren da suke zama a yankuna daban-daban na duniyar nan, wasu daga cikinsu sun zo a kasa:
- goshawk mikiya
- Bonelli's Eagle
- Cape Eagle
- moluccan mikiya
- mikiya ta steppe
- Harpy Eagle ko Greater Harpy
- Iberian Imperial Eagle
- mikiya ta gabas
- gaggafa tabo
- Mikiya ta Indiya
- Bonelli's Eagle
- mikiya pomeranian
- mikiya mai rapa
- Falcon na Ostiraliya
- Falcon na Turai
- falcon na gabas
- Turumti Falcon
- Alcotán unicolor ko opaque ko slate falcon
- savanna aura
- daji aura
- Guatemala Scops Owl
- gajeriyar mujiya
- mujiya dogon kunne
- farar kaho mujiya
- Sunan mahaifi Fraser
- mujiya sahara
- mujiya philippine
- Milky Owl ko na mujiya na Verreaux
- mujiya tabo
- Mujiya maraƙi
- Mujiya mai dusar ƙanƙara
- Mujiya ko launin ruwan mujiya
- bengal mikiya mujiya
- Vulture mai jajayen kai na Amurka
- ungulu mai fuskantar lobe
- ungulu griffon
- sarki ungulu
- mujiya shaho
- Ostiraliya kestrel
- Mauritius Kestrel
- madagascar kestrel
- Kestrel mai baƙar fata ko Kestrel na Dickinson
- farin-ido kestrel
- jan kafa kestrel
- Slaty ko launin toka kestrel
- mafi karami
- foxy kestrel
- chuncho
- California condor
- gidan sarauta
- Merlin
- Gyrfalcon ko gyrfalcon
- Babban mujiya mai ƙaho ko nacurútú
- berigora falcon
- boni falcon
- Eleanor ta Falcon
- taita falcon
- maori falcon
- Falcon na Mexican ko kodadde falcon
- jemage falcon
- Shaho mai jan nono ko babban shaho
- gubar falcon
- saker falcon
- Saker Falcon Corralled Owlet
- shaho falcon
- yaggar falcon
- mujiya abin kallo
- mujiya dogon kunne
- mujiya andean
- kosta rican owal
- blewitt owal
- daji owlet
- mujiya binne
- Owl na Guatemala
- lu'u-lu'u owlet
- turawan owal
- Owl na Guatemala
- kadan kadan
- jajayen nono
- gaggafa mai ƙarfi
- Sakatare
- ci gaba
Muna gayyatar ku don karanta labarai masu ban sha'awa masu zuwa: