Akwai ƙasashe da yawa inda akwai adadi mai yawa na shimfidar wurare, namun daji da ciyayi waɗanda ke da kyau sosai kuma na musamman kuma ana kiyaye su, saboda ana ɗaukar su a matsayin wata taska. A cikin wannan labarin za ku koyi game da yankunan da aka karewa na Mexico.
Yankunan da aka Kare na Mexico
Ƙasar da ke da damar da aka zaɓa a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin wuraren da ake samun Taskokin Halitta.
A Mexico akwai nau'ikan iri da yawa a cikin Yanayinta
Kasar tana da yawan jama'a wanda wasu kasashe ne kawai suke da su, daga cikin irin wadannan nau'ikan akwai muhalli, ciyayi da dabbobi.
Don wannan jam'i, an amince da kasar kuma ta shiga cikin jerin kasashe 17 da ke da nau'o'in dabi'u masu yawa a doron kasa, Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta ba da wannan amincewa, ta hanyar Cibiyar Kula da Muhalli da ke kula da shirin.
Jerin kuma ya haɗa da ƙasashe masu zuwa:
- Colombia.
- Ekwado.
- Peru
- Brazil
- Kongo.
- Madagaska.
- China.
- India.
- Malesiya.
- Indonesia
- Australia.
- Papua New Guinea.
- Afirka ta Kudu.
- Amurka
- Philippines
- Venezuela
Gwamnatin Tarayya, na neman hanyar da za ta kiyaye muhalli a kasar nan, tana yin hakan ne ta hanyar gudanar da ayyukan gwamnati, inda ta fitar da dokar ta yadda sassa tara na kasar za su kasance cikin yankunan da aka kare.
“Yankin Kare Halitta” ko kuma wuraren da aka kiyaye muhalli sune wuraren da haqiqanin halittu ba su taɓa hannun ɗan adam ba, shi ya sa dole ne a sanya jari mai yawa don kiyaye su.
Bayan shekarar 2016, yankunan da ke karkashin kariya sun kai 181, wanda zai kasance hekta miliyan 90.6, a baya akwai yankuna 176 kacal, wanda ya mamaye wasu kadada miliyan 25.4. Wannan yana nufin cewa kashi ɗaya (10,78%) na yankin ƙasa da ɗaya (22,05%) na yankin tekun ƙasar na samun kariya daga Gwamnatin Tarayya.
Yankunan yanayi waɗanda ke da Kariya an kafa su:
- Ƙididdiga na Biosphere waɗanda ke da kariya sune (45).
- National Parks da aka kiyaye su ne (66).
- Yankunan Kariyar Flora da Fauna sun kai (39).
- Yankunan Kare Albarkatun Kasa (8).
- Abubuwan Tunatarwa na Halitta sune (5).
- Jimillar wuraren ibada guda goma sha takwas (18).
Wadannan bayanan suna "Hukumar Kare Kare Halitta ta Kasa".
Wuraren da aka kiyaye kuma aka shigar da lissafin ba da dadewa ba sune:
- Reserve na Biosphere na Caribbean Caribbean. Tana cikin Jihar Quintana Roo kuma tana da tsawon hekta miliyan 5.75.
- Saliyo de Tamaulipas Biosphere Reserve. Tana da kadada dubu 309.
- Deep Mexican Pacific Biosphere Reserve. Ya rufe Nayarit, Oaxaca da Chiapas, Michoacán, Colima, Guerrero, Jalisco, kuma tsawonsa ya kai kadada miliyan 59.7.
- Tsibirin Pacific Biosphere Reserve. Tana da fadin kadada miliyan 1.16, inda akwai tsibirai 21 da tsibirai 97.
A wata mujalla ta kasar, inda suke magana kan bambancin halittu, wanda ake bugawa duk bayan shekaru hudu inda suke magana kan batutuwan da suka shafi Nahiyar Amurka.
Mujallar ta yi magana sosai game da tarihin rayuwa, ilimin halittu da juyin halitta, duk wannan sakamakon binciken da masana kimiyya daga kasar da masana kimiyya na kasashen waje suka yi, wadanda kwararru ne a kan batun.
Tare da duk waɗannan bayanan, an yi niyyar sabunta shi tare da la'akari da kiyayewa, sarrafawa da wuraren muhalli a cikin ajiyar da duk fa'idodin da albarkatun ƙasa zasu iya samu.
A cikin mujallar ƙasar nan a cikin littafinta na 2013, na ba da bayani game da matsayin da Mexico ke ciki dangane da sauran ƙasashe waɗanda su ma sun ƙunshi megadiversity.
Wannan ƙasa tana da nau'ikan dabbobi masu rarrafe kusan raka'a 864, saboda haka ita ce ta biyu a jerin.
Kasar Mexico ce ta uku a jerin masu dauke da nau'in dabbobi masu shayarwa guda 564.
A matsayi na biyar na nau'in amphibians yana da, jimlar 376, dangane da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire yana da matsakaicin wanda zai iya zama daga 21.989 zuwa 23.424.
Tsuntsaye suna da matsayi na 11 kuma adadin nau'in ya kasance daga nau'in 1.123 zuwa 1.150.
Mexiko mai gata
Akwai dalilai da yawa da suka wanzu don wannan ƙasa ta zama megadivers.
Na farko shi ne yanayin wurinsa, ya ratsa tsakiyar tsakiyar Tropic of Cancer yana haifar da a Yanayin ruwan sama (na wurare masu zafi) wanda ke taimakawa adadin nau'in girma.
Wani abu mai mahimmanci a Mexico, wannan ƙasa tana da ra'ayi iri-iri inda aka samo tsaunuka a farkon wuri inda aka nuna nau'o'in ƙasa daban-daban, yanayi, nau'in nau'in fauna da flora daban-daban. Akwai Tekuna da tekuna, dazuzzuka, hamada, dazuzzuka kuma yana da fadama, wannan shi ne wani samfurin abin da wannan kasa ke bayarwa ga doron kasa.
Ƙasar tana da girma kuma tana ɗaukar ɗaruruwan wuraren zama kuma godiya ga ci gaban da ta samu akwai haɗin fauna da flora daga yankunan Nearctic da Neotropical.
Wataƙila yana da alama ba shi da alaƙa, al'adun ƴan asalin yankin suna ba da gudummawarsu, don sa yanayi ya arzuta dangane da yanki na ciyayi da dabbobi.
Biosphere reserves
Mexiko, kasancewar ƙasar da ke da bambancin yanayi da kuma shimfidar wurare, tana ba ta damar ganin ta kuma ta zama jaraba. Suna da wurin yanki, daban Nau'in yanayi, waxanda su ne abubuwan da ke ba da damar juyin halitta da kiyaye yanayin yanayin da ba zai misaltu ba.
Kasa ce da ke da nau'ikan halittu masu yawa, watakila mafi girman bambancin duniya; wannan yana tabbatar da duk wuraren da aka karewa. Wadannan wuraren da ake karewa ana daukar su a matsayin gadon al'ada na bil'adama, wanda UNESCO ta amince da su.
A cikin masu biyowa, jerin da aka samo duk waɗannan kadarorin sune ajiyar Mexico:
- Sierra ta Tamaulipas
- Deep Mexican Pacific
- Daga Caribbean Caribbean
- Tsibirin Pacific
- Bay na Mala'iku, Tashoshin Whale da Salsipuedes
- Vizcaino
- Tsibirin Guadalupe
- El Pinacate da Babban Hamada na Altar
- San Pedro Martir Island
- Upper Gulf of California da Colorado River Delta
- Sierra de Manantlan
- sarki malam buɗe ido
- Sian Ka'an
- Calakmul
- Tsibirin Marias
- Marshes na kasa
- Sierra Gorda Queretaro
- Tehuacan - Cuicatlan
- Nasara
- Ria Lizards
- Blue Mountains
- Michilia ta
- Centla fadama
- Lacan-tun
- Upper Gulf of California da Colorado River Delta
- Chamela-Cuixmala
- Sierra del Abra Tanchipa
- Archipelago na Revillagigedo
- Sierra La Laguna
- mararrabar
- Jana'izar
- Bankin Chinchorro
- Tuxtlas
- petenes
- Dutsen Dutsen Cuautla
- Ocote
- Mapimi
- Canyon na Metztitlan
- Ria Celestun
- Tacana Volcano
- Sierra Gorda Guanajuato
- Zicuiran Infiernillo
- Whale shark
- Janus
- Ojo de Liebre Lagoon Complex.
Kiyayewa da Ayyuka
Wuraren da aka ambata a baya na Kare Muhalli na ƙasar ba sa hana yaɗuwar ɗan adam.
Tabbas waɗannan wuraren suna da kariya, masu ziyara dole ne su bi ka'idodin da aka kafa ta yadda kowane ɗayan wuraren tarihi na ƙasa ya kasance cikin yanayi mai kyau, akwai lokuta da ake buƙatar izini don shiga yankin don ziyarta.
Misali, don zuwa Reef na "Alacranes", Hukumar Kula da Yankunan Kariya ta Kasa (CONANP) ta bukaci a bi ka'idojin da ke tabbatar da kare wurin.
Akwai haramcin shiga wurin da dabbobi ko kowane nau'in tsiro, ba a yarda a jefa datti ba, ba don mamaye al'ummomin yankin ba. Abu na farko da za a kasance a waɗancan wuraren shine girmama mutanen da ke zaune a wurin, da kuma girmama duk sararin samaniya kuma a ƙarshe mutunta sauran baƙi kuma don haka ba da gudummawa ga tsayawa a wurin cikin jituwa gaba ɗaya.
Dangane da filin da za a ziyarta, akwai yiwuwar gudanar da ayyukan wasanni kamar:
- snorkeling
- Tafiya
- Rappel.
- Hawan dutse.
- zango.
- Ruwa.
- Kayak
- rafting.
- Hawan jirgi.
- Yawon shakatawa
- Hawan keke
Ana iya yin ziyara tare da jagororin duba tsuntsaye, fauna da flora tare da duk kulawar da ake buƙata.
Gidajen Kasa
“Gidajen shakatawa na kasa” sune wuraren da aka ba da kariya, wuraren kariyar flora da fauna a Mexico, ta hanyar doka, shugaban kasa ne ke aiwatar da wa'adin. A cikin wadannan wuraren da wasu wuraren shakatawa da kuma jerin sauran da ke cikin kasar:
- Located in Baja California Sur, tare da yanki na 2.066 km², shine Bay na Loreto.
- Yana cikin Gulf of California, yanki ne na ruwa mai tsawon kilomita 5872. Espiritu Santo Archipelago yana nan.
- Cabo Pulmo yana cikin birnin San José a cikin gundumar Los Cabos a cikin jihar Baja California Sur.
- Tsibirai biyu da ke kusa da gabar tekun Mexico a cikin Jihar Nayarit. Tsibirin tsibirai ne, na asalin volcanic, ana kiran su tsibiran Marietas.
- Yankin Marine na San Lorenzo Archipelago
- Elizabeth Island
- Taron koli na Monterrey
- Caves na Cacahuamilpa
- Iztacchihuatl-Popocatépetl
- Scorpions Reef
- Cozumel na Reefs
- Tulum
- Kogin Yamma na Isla Mujeres, Punta Cancun da Punta Nizuc.
- Reefs na Puerto Morelos
- Tsibirin Contoy
- Hamadar Zakuna
- The Snowy Colima
- Dutsen Garnica
- marmara
- 'Yan tawaye Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla
- Gogoron
- Taron koli na Ajusco
- Maɓuɓɓugan ruwa na Tlalpan
- Lagon Zempoala
- Dutsen Orizaba
- Tepozteco
- Tepeyac
- Kirji na Perote
- Tudun Kararrawa
- Lagon Chacahua
- Nezahualcoyotl Flower Mills
- Benito Juarez
- Kogin White River
- Magunguna
- Dutsen Padierna
- Tudun Tauraro
- The Sabine
- Koyoacan
- A Malinche
- Kofin Cupatitzio Ravine
- Mai tada kayar baya Jose Maria Morelos
- Sacromonte
- Kololuwar Majalca
- Taron koli na Monterrey
- Lake Camecuaro
- The Steers
- Bosincheve
- Sierra de San Pedro Martir
- Hamadar Carmen ko Nixcongo
- The Rayon
- Montebello Lagoons
- Tsarin Mulki na 1857
- Janar Juan N. Alvarez
- jirgin ruwa
- Sumidero Canyon
- Basaseachi Waterfall
- Tula
- Palenque
- Yaron
- Dzibilchantún
- Veracruz Reef System
- Taron koli
- Huatulco
- Organ Saw
- Xcalak Reefs
- revillagigedo
- Wuraren Kariyar Flora da Fauna
- Tsibirin Gulf of California
- ocampo
- Kwarin Cirios
- Cabo San Lucas
- Kwance
- Cacaxtla Plateau
- Lobos-Tuxpan Reef System
- Dunes of Samalayuca
- Ciénegas hudu
- Chichinautzin Halitta Corridor
- Santa Elena Canyon
- Toulca dusar ƙanƙara
- uwamil
- Tancitaro Peak
- tutaaka
- Koren filin
- papigochic
- Bazara
- Blue waterfall
- Kwarin Cirios
- Sierra de Alvarez
- Sierra la Mojonera
- A boar
- Sierra de Quila
- Chichinautzin Halitta Corridor
- Chan Kin
- Lagoon of Terms
- Yau Balam
- Woods na Carmen
- Sierra de Alamos-Río Cuchujaqui
- metzabok
- Naha
- Otoch Ma'ax Yetel Kooh
- Lerma fadama
- Laguna Madre da delta na Rio Bravo
- Bala'an Ka'ax
- Nichupte Mangroves
- Anchovies daga Tonala
- Usumacinta Canyon
Yankunan Kare Albarkatun Kasa
Daga cikin Yankunan da Kariyar Daji ke rufe akwai "Basin Hydrographic" wato: a cikin kogin Necaxa, da Valle de Bravo, da Temascaltepec, da Malacatepec da kogin Tilostoc. "Yankin Tsaron daji na ƙasa" waɗanda ke cikin gundumomin La Concordia, Villa Flores Ángel Albino Corzo, da Jiquipilas. Basin da ke ciyar da Gundumar Ban ruwa ta ƙasa: 001 Pabellón, 004 Don Martín, 026 Bajo Río San Juan da 043 Nayarit State, Las Huertas.
Abubuwan tarihi na ƙasar
Dukkan abubuwa na halitta ana daukar su taskoki na halitta, ba shakka suna cikin shimfidar wuri. Wuraren da “Hukumar Kula da Kare Kayayyakin Kariya” (CONANP) ke ba su kariya.
A kasar nan a halin yanzu akwai wurare biyar da aka ware a matsayin taskokin halitta. A cikin rayuwar yau da kullun ana amfani da wannan kalmar don suna duk wani wuri na halitta wanda ƙasar ke karewa.
Sakamakon haka, wurare masu tsarki, wuraren shakatawa, wuraren kariya na musamman da sauran wuraren suna cikin wannan rukunin.
- Bonampak.
- Dutsen kujera.
- Kogin Turbid na Arewa.
- Yagul
- Yaxchilan.
Wuraren tsabta
Wurare masu tsarki wurare ne da ke haɗuwa, rukunin yanar gizon da ke da alaƙa tsakanin rayuwa ta ainihi da daga cikin Asalin duniya. A cikin wannan ƙasa akwai nau'ikan arziƙin halitta iri-iri, daban-daban da launuka masu yawa.
CONAP yana da ra'ayi na Wuri Mai Tsarki inda suka ce an ƙaddara su yankuna kamar shiyyoyin da ke da babban gado na fauna da flora. Hakanan don gabatar da nau'in halittu, tallace-tallace ko mazaunin ƙidaya.
- La Pajarera, Cocinas, Mamut, Colorada, San Pedro, San Agustín, San Andrés da Negrita Islands, da Los Anegados, Novillas, Mosca da Submarino tsibiran.
- Tekun da ke kusa da garin mai suna Río Lagartos
- Hanyoyi na Hydrothermal na Guaymas Basin da Gabashin Pacific Ridge
- Teopa Beach
- Ceuta Beach
- Cuitzmala Beach
- Brush Beach
- Chacahua Bay Beach
- Tsibirin Contoy Island
- Maruata da Colola bakin teku
- Mismaloya Beach
- Puerto Arista Beach
- Rancho Nuevo Beach
- Tierra Colorada Beach
- El Tecuan Beach
- El Verde Camacho Beach
- Mexiquillo Beach
- Tlacoyunque Stone Beach