Dangane da dabbobin da ke girma a tsakiyar yanayi, ana iya la'akari da cewa ana gane Dabbobin Viviparous ne saboda suna samun ci gaban 'ya'ya a cikin cikin su bayan an taki, ana gayyatar ku don ƙarin koyo game da dabbobi masu rai kuma wannan yana nuna su don su zama masu ban sha'awa, da kuma Dankali.
Menene dabbobi masu rai?
An yi nuni ga halittun da suka samo asali daga ci gaban amfrayo, wanda ake kira viviparity, wanda shine hanyar da dabbobi masu shayarwa ke haifuwa, wanda aka fi sani da dabbobin viviparous. Duk da haka, akwai kuma nau'ikan dabbobi daban-daban waɗanda ke aiwatar da lokacin haifuwarsu ta hanyar raye-raye, ciki har da kifi, dabbobi masu rarrafe da masu amphibians.
Daga cikin dabbobi da yawa, ban da platypus da echidna, ana maganar halittu masu rai; Watau mace tana samun maniyyin daga namiji kuma idan ta hadu da kwai sai ci gaban zuriya ta fara.
Nau'in yadda suke hayayyafa abu ne mai sauki, tunda ana kai wadannan 'ya'yan zuwa mahaifar uwa, sannan a kula da su da ciyar da ita, ana siffanta su da zama viviparity. Mutane su ne viviparous halittu, kamar m dukan dabbobi na mammalian tsari, duk da haka, da yawa halittun ƙasa, ruwa da dabbobi masu rarrafe da raba wannan yanayin.
Ci gaban Embryonic a cikin dabbobi
Duk da haka, don fahimtar ainihin abin da halittu masu rai, yana da mahimmanci don tattauna ci gaban matakin farko ko na mahaifa, wanda shine lokacin da ya wuce daga tsarin hadi zuwa zuwan sabon mutum. A wannan ma'ana, a cikin yawan jima'i na halittu, dole ne a raba nau'ikan ci gaban amfrayo guda uku:
Viviparous dabbobi, cewa bayan ciki hadi, 'yan tayin fara aiwatar da ci gaban su a cikin takamaiman yanki na jikin mahaifiyar, wanda ke kiyaye su da kuma kula da su har sai sun kasance cikakke kuma suna shirye don sufuri ta hanyar haihuwa.
A cikin layin dabbobin oviparous: A wannan yanayin, shirye-shirye ta hanyar hadi na ciki ma yana faruwa, duk abin da zai kasance, ci gaban girma na tayin wanda ko da alama ya fara, yana faruwa a wajen jikin mahaifiyar, a cikin kwai.
Halittun Ovoviviparous: Bugu da ƙari, ta hanyar jiyya ta hanyar hadi na ciki, kwayoyin halitta waɗanda suke da tayi na halittun ovoviviparous an halicce su a cikin kwai, ko da yake saboda wannan yanayin kwai yana zaune a cikin jikin iyaye, har sai an haife shi kuma a cikin wannan ma'ana. , haihuwar matasa.
Nau'in haifuwa na dabbobin viviparous
A kowane hali, duk da rabuwa tsakanin nau'ikan ci gaba daban-daban waɗanda ke faruwa a matakin farko, dole ne a gane cewa akwai nau'ikan haifuwa da yawa a cikin dabbobin viviparous:
Placental viviparous: su ne wadanda ke tasowa a cikin mahaifa, wata gabar da ke hade da mahaifar da ke fadada lokacin daukar ciki don lissafin tayin. Samfurin zai zama mutum.
marsupial viviparous: Ba kamar sauran halittu masu shayarwa ba, dabbobi masu shayarwa suna samun haihuwa ba tare da an inganta su ba, suna ɗaukar siffar su a cikin marsupium, aljihu na waje wanda ke tasowa kamar na mahaifa. Ana ganin mafi mashahuri samfurin a cikin kangaroo.
Ovoviviparous: Kamar yadda zaku iya tunanin, yana da alaƙa tsakanin viviparism da oviparism. A irin wannan yanayi, uwa takan sanya ƙwayayen a cikin jikinta, inda za su yi ƙyanƙyashe har sai sun girma. Za a iya haifan matashi a ciki ko wajen jikin mahaifiyar.
Halayen dabbobin viviparous
Ka'ida ta al'ada ga halittu masu rai shine cewa kwayoyin da ba su ci gaba ba suna girma a cikin mahaifar uwa har sai sun cika lokacinta a fili: mace ta sami maniyyi na namiji kuma ta hanyar hada shi da kwai, lokacin tayin ya fara.
Hakanan za'a iya cewa 'ya'yan suna girma a cikin mahaifa, daga inda suke samun muhimman abubuwan da suka dace da kuma iskar oxygen don bunkasa; a nan suke raye har zuwa haihuwa.
Iyakar abin da ke cikin wannan shine marsupials, waɗanda ke tasowa a cikin nau'in jakar da ke cikin cikin mace, inda za su iya zama na tsawon rabin wata bayan haihuwa.
Tsawon lokacin girma ya dogara da nau'in halitta da kuma girman girman halitta; Ɗaya daga cikin ra'ayi da ke raba halittu masu rai shine adadin matasan da za su iya samun kowane ciki ko zuriyar dabbobi. Bunny yana daya daga cikin mafi yawan haɓaka, yayin da ɗan adam yana ɗaya daga cikin mafi ƙanƙanta.
Misalai na dabbobi masu rarrafe - Viviparous mammals
Menene halittu masu rai? Kusan dukkan halittu masu shayarwa, akwai kawai wasu lokuta na musamman na dabbobin oviparous waɗanda suke dabbobi masu shayarwa, waɗanda aka yi la'akari da manyan monotremes waɗanda ke da manyan wakilai kamar echidna mai ban mamaki da babban platypus.
A cikin wannan yanayin, dole ne mu hada nau'ikan ruwa, kamar whales, dolphins da narwhals, da kuma manyan nau'ikan halittu masu tashi wadanda suma dabbobi masu shayarwa ne: jemage.
- Cats
- Kurege
- canine
dabbobin kiwo
- Chimpanzee kyakkyawa
- da rakumin alheri
- Giwa mai kyau
- The Shorty Pig
- Zakin Sarki
viviparous dabbobi masu shayarwa na ruwa
- babban kisa whale
- Narwhal
- dabbar dolphin mai ban dariya
- kyawawan kifin kifi
- Maniyyi mai daraja
Dabbobin Viviparous - Kifin Viviparous
Ci gaba da labarin akan dabbobi masu rai, Ya kamata ku san wasu kifayen viviparous waɗanda aka fi sani da su, kodayake su ne ainihin halittun ovoviviparous. An fayyace cewa, na nau'ikan guppies, platys ko mollies:
- The ban mamaki Dermogenys pusillus
- Babban Poecilia wingei
- Xiphophorus maculatus mai ban sha'awa
- Shahararren Xiphophorus helleri
- Poecilia sphenops
- Hakanan Poecilia reticulata
- Nomorhamphus liemi
Dabbobin Viviparous - Viviparous amphibians
Kamar yadda yake a cikin al'amarin da ya gabata, halittu masu rai na ƙasa da ruwa ba su da kyau musamman na al'ada, duk da haka, don haka an gano halittu guda biyu a cikin tsari na Caudata:
- Triton
- Salamander
viviparous creepers
A cikin yin wannan ƙaƙƙarfan taƙaitaccen misalan dabbobin Viviparous, an kuma ambaci wasu dabbobi masu rarrafe masu rarrafe. Ko da yake mafi yawan dabbobi masu rarrafe suna oviparous, an kuma gano wasu fayyace nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan halittu masu rai:
- Babban Boa
- Macijin teku mai ban sha'awa
- Rattlesnake
Ƙayyadaddun misalan dabbobin viviparous
Ya zuwa yanzu yawancin kashin baya suna viviparous, ban da platypus da echidna, yayin da suke yin ƙwai (sune oviparous). Wasu rukunonin dabbobi, waxanda suke yawaita ta hanyar haifuwarsu ta hanyar macen da aka shirya ta hanyar haifuwa da namiji wanda yake xauke da ‘ya’yansa a cikinsa, sune:
Raƙumi
Dangane da rakumin da ake yi, suna saduwa da mata ne a lokacin yawan mace-macen aure da mata a lokacin da mata ke cikin zafi. Ana ci gaba da ci gaba a cikin kwanaki 400 da 460, kuma bayan wannan lokacin mahaifiyar ta haifi maraƙi a tsaye: maraƙi ya tashi a baya ya faɗi ƙasa yana yanke cibi. Bayan an wanke shi sai ya tashi ya dau manyan matakai, sannan ya shafe wata guda yana manna mata yana cin gajiyar nononta.
Elephant
Wannan aikin auren na iya faruwa a kowane lokaci na shekara: A daidai lokacin da mace ta shirya yin aure, sai ta yi sauti don kiran mazan, waɗanda suke fada da juna don ganin wanda ya fi dacewa da zuriya.
Giwa ita ce halittar da ta fi kowa tsayin lokaci (watanni 22), duk da cewa tana da maraƙi guda ɗaya a lokaci guda. Tana mu'amala da nono har zuwa shekara biyar kuma tana iya cin daskararre daga rabin shekara.
Zomo
Tare da girmamawa ga Zomo, mata na iya haifuwa daga kwata na shekara ta rayuwa. Hanyoyin sufuri don haihuwa suna ci gaba, saboda suna ci gaba da girma kuma sabili da haka m.
Ana ci gaba da shiryawa har tsawon kwanaki 32 kuma kowane zuriyar zai iya zama 4 kuma har zuwa bunnies 12, waɗanda aka haifa ba tare da gani ba kuma ba tare da Jawo ba. Uwar takan ziyarce su a cikin kogon da aka gina a matsayin gida don kula da su da shayar da su da nononta.
Batir
Suna tafiyar da rayuwar lalata, domin suna iya haɗa kai da wasu ƴan mata na kusa: wasu mazan ma suna da mahaifar masoya mata. Haihuwarta na faruwa ne kafin lokacin bacci a wurare masu zafi ko wani lokaci na shekara a yankuna masu zafi.
Game da lokacin ci gaba, zai iya bambanta tsakanin kwanaki 40 da watanni 10 dangane da yanayin. Ga mafi yawancin, ya kamata a lura cewa gabaɗaya za su haifi ɗa guda ga kowane zuriyar dabbobi.
Panda
Ko da yake nau'in bear suna da halaye masu kamanceceniya ta fuskar yaduwa ta hanyar haifuwa, wasu suna da salo daban-daban, misali panda. Dama don haifuwa shine bazara, lokacin ci gaba yana ci gaba har tsawon watanni biyar kuma suna iya samun ƴan ƴaƴan ƴaƴan ƴan leƙen asiri a kowace zuriyar dabbobi, waɗanda suke da nakasa kuma suna auna gram 140. Mahaifiyar tana shayar da su har sau 14 a rana kuma suna zaune da ita har tsawon shekaru biyu.
Dabbar dolphin
Wannan dabba mai viviparous yana yin jima'i a cikin ɗan gajeren hanya, suna yin ta fuska da fuska don haifuwa. Suna da lokacin haɓakawa wanda a zahiri ya bambanta daga watanni 11 zuwa 17 dangane da nau'in kuma galibi suna da kowane yaro bi da bi. Suna shayar da shi da madarar uwa a cikin manyan lokutan rayuwa kuma suna kula da shi daidai.
