A cikin wannan kasada dole ne ku fayyace menene dabbobi masu tashi da yadda ake hada su, za a kuma koya muku irin fitattun halayensu, mafi kyawun misalan da ke nuna kyawu mai ban sha'awa kamar wanda ya haskaka. A aku.
Menene dabbobin iska?
Kyawun da wannan ajin dabbobin ya kunsa na musamman ne domin suna iya tashi ba tare da wata iyaka ba. Wasu suna da fuka-fuki da ke ba su damar yin tafiya cikin iska kuma su ci gaba da shawagi na ɗan lokaci (ta hanyar sarrafa tafiyarsu, saurinsu, da tsayinsu).
Wasu suna tafiya ta iska, amma tare da ƙarancin kulawa akan jirginsu (don haka ba za su iya yin tafiya mai nisa ba). Haka kuma akwai namun dajin da za su iya yawo, ba tare da la’akari da rashin fuka-fuki ba, kuma suna yin haka ne saboda yanayin halittar jikinsu.
An yi nuni da cewa a cikin wannan rukuni na dabbobin iska akwai nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan da za su iya tashi sama, duk da haka, wannan aikin yana daidaitawa ta hanyar tsarin jiki da juriya da ake buƙata na kowane nau'in.
Ana iya ganin cewa wasu samfurori na iya tashi da nisa mai nisa (don ƙaura da nisantar yanayin zafi a duk lokacin hunturu ko neman abinci). A lokuta daban-daban, da kyar za su iya motsawa na daƙiƙa biyu musamman a kusa da su (don kare kansu daga mafarautansu ko kuma korar ganimarsu).
Halayen Dabbobin Sama
An kwatanta su zuwa dabbobi masu tashi asali don samun damar tashi ta amfani da fikafikan sa, ta hanyar karfin iskar da ake iya gani a ko'ina. Wanda fikafikansa ke da shinge da gashin fuka-fukan ta dabbobi masu tashi ko sun hada da satin layers idan kwari ne masu tashi, wasu halittu suna da fuka-fuki kuma ba za su iya tashi ba.
Irin haifuwar waɗannan dabbobi a haƙiƙanin haƙiƙa ne, wato ta hanyar ƙwai da ake ajiyewa a waje (misali, a ƙasa, a saman bishiyoyi ko a bakin ruwa). Rayuwarsu ba iska ce kadai ba, suna kuma zaune a kasa ko cikin ruwa. Domin samun fa'ida daga iri, kayayyakin 'ya'yan itace, tsutsotsi da na miya, da sauransu.
kowane iri dabbobi masu tashi Yana da nasa takamaiman hanyar tashi bisa ga halayensa na zahiri, duk da haka, yawancin waɗannan dabbobin dole ne su kasance da kewayon abubuwan al'ada waɗanda ke ba da izinin tashi:
Kaico
Duk dabbobin da ke tashi suna da fukafukai, wanda a wasu lokuta sauye-sauye ne da ke samo asali daga gaɓoɓin jiki, alal misali, a cikin dabbobi masu fuka-fuki ko masu shayarwa kamar jemagu, inda aka gyara ƙasusuwan yayin haɓakawa, iyakancewa ko ingantawa. Dabbobi daban-daban sun haifar da fuka-fuki, don abin da aka sani da taro na ci gaba, wato, tare da ma'aunin ma'auni na muhalli. Wannan lamari ne mai ban tsoro.
Karkashin nauyi
Dabbobin da ke tashi suna da haske sosai, sun rage nauyin ƙasusuwansu ta hanyar faɗaɗa ƙurarsu, suna sa su yi sauƙi. Dabbobin masu tashi marasa kashin baya suna da kayan exoskeleton marasa nauyi. Dabbobin da ke tashi da suka fi nauyi ba za su iya yin tafiya mai nisa ba saboda ba za su iya zama cikin balaguron jirgin ba na dogon lokaci.
karfin zuciya
Shi ya sa duka tsokar da ke amsa jirgin da ita kanta tsokar zuciya sun sami ɓullo sosai a cikin dabbobi masu tashi. Jirgin yana rage adadin kuzari kuma dole ne ma'aunin iskar oxygen ya isa ga tsokoki. Don wannan ya faru, bugun zuciyar ku yana da girma kuma haemoglobin na jini (protein da ke ɗauke da iskar oxygen a cikin jini) shima yana haɗuwa.
streamlined siffar
Siffar jiki kuma tana da mahimmanci, ta yadda rage juriyar da jiki ke amfani da shi a kan iska yana aiki don samun ci gaba da ƙwarewa a cikin jirgin. Samun ƙarancin yanayin iska ba yana nufin ba ku da zaɓi don tashi sama, amma yana nufin komawa ƙasa.
Wasu misalan dabbobin iska
Yana da samfurin wani aiki mai ban mamaki wanda aka bayyana a cikin yanayi mai girma wanda za'a iya godiya da kyan gani na musamman kamar yadda ake iya gani a cikin adadi na Harpy Eagle, ci gaba da yawon shakatawa kuma ku ji daɗin wannan kyakkyawa:
Tsuntsayen hummingbird
Ana kuma kiransa hummingbird, shine mafi ƙarancin tsuntsu wanda aka lulluɓe da gashin fuka-fukan duniya, na rukunin kashin baya. Fuka-fukanta na iya tashi har sau tamanin a cikin dakika guda kuma idan namiji yana bukatar cin nasara a kan mace, zai iya ninka fikafikansa har sau 200 a cikin dakika guda. Shine nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i) wanda aka halicce shi don yawo a kowane bangare kuma har ma an dakatar da shi a cikin iska.
kokoto
Ana ganinta a matsayin dabba mai fuka-fuki mai hankali, ana gane ta da fitattun gashin fuka-fukanta na rawaya. Yana gabatar da tsarin rayuwa irin na aku, saboda siffar baki da kafafunsa, amma fuka-fukan sa fari ne.
Yana zaune a Puerto Rico, Indonesia, Australia da New Zealand. Nau'in tsararrakinsu na auren mace ɗaya ne kuma suna zama biyu bayan biyu a gida ɗaya fiye da shekaru huɗu. Hakanan, yana son damar tashi cikin rukuni.
Mikiya
Ana la'akari da shi mafi rashin tausayi tare da sababbin ƙugiya da ƙwaƙƙwarar tsokoki waɗanda kuma za su iya samun ganima na nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i) ba tare da matsala ba. Yana iya tashi har zuwa kilomita 200 a cikin sa'a guda, yana godiya da hangen nesa mai ban mamaki, yana iya ganin ganimarsa daga nisan mita 2.000. Mata sun fi maza girma, nau'in yaduwarsu na daya ne kuma suna dadewa tare.
Tukan
Ana kallon wannan tsuntsu a matsayin wani nau'i na ban mamaki, an san shi da kauri, tsayi mai launi, wanda yake amfani da shi don kare kansa da kuma cin gajiyar kayan marmari na yanayi na wurare masu zafi, kwari, dabbobi masu rarrafe da ƙwai.
Yana gida zuwa Amurka masu zafi kuma an kwatanta shi da rashin aiki kuma yana ci gaba a tsawon rayuwarsa a cikin irin wannan yanki, watau ba komai bane illa dabba mai fuka-fuki. Yana rayuwa tare a matsayin ƙungiya (mai auren mace ɗaya) kuma cikin ƙungiyoyi kusan mutane shida.
Wutar wuta na kowa
Flamingo na yau da kullun ya yi fice a tsakanin sauran sanannun dabbobi masu fuka-fuki masu wucewa a duniyar, waɗanda dabbobi ne waɗanda ke tashi mai nisa. Yana tafiya ne bisa la'akari da damar abinci kuma yana iya tafiya daga Afirka ta Yamma zuwa Bahar Rum.
Tsuntsu ne da dogayen kafafunsa da dogayen wuyansa lankwashe ake gane su. Yana zaune a wurare masu zafi, kusa da ruwan gishiri. Inuwa ta plumage ta bambanta kamar yadda nau'in ya nuna, duk da haka ruwan hoda yana rinjaye.
Yana amfana daga koren algae, larvae, kwari, scavengers, molluscs da ƙananan kifi. Yana da cikakkiyar abokantaka, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa yake sadarwa tare da nau'in nasa (musamman tare da 'ya'yansa) ta hanyar sautin hanci.
Ladybug
Kwari ne wanda ke cikin rukunin arthropods, na nau'in invertebrate, wanda ake kira vaquita de San Antonio. Carapace ɗinsa yana ƙarewa ya zama nau'i-nau'i na fuka-fuki masu kauri, masu inuwa mai haske a cikin kyawawan launuka kamar orange, ja, ko rawaya tare da tabo masu duhu waɗanda ke rufe kuma suna amintar da fuka-fukan sa.
A mafi yawan lokacin sanyi, mutane goma zuwa goma sha biyar kan taru don kare kansu daga sanyi. Yana amfana daga tsire-tsire, kwari, aphids da mealybugs, da sauransu.
tururuwa mai tashi
Kwaro na karkashin kasa cikakken abokantaka ne, mai ra'ayin jama'a sosai wanda yawanci yana rayuwa a cikin manyan cibiyoyin sadarwa na karkashin kasa. Tururuwan da ke tashi su ne waɗanda ke haifar da fuka-fuki kawai a lokacin kiwo (aiki da ake kira jirgin aure). Yana da fa'ida daga samfuran 'ya'yan itace na halitta, tsire-tsire, nama mara kyau, da ainihin nau'in naman gwari da ake samu daga ganyen da yake tattarawa.
asu
Haka nan kwaro ne da ba shi da baya wanda ke da ma'auni a kan fuka-fukansa, wanda ke da wurin da ya samo asali da asu, amma yana da kankantar siffa kuma ba ta da kyan gani fiye da malam buɗe ido.
An kwatanta shi a matsayin jujjuyawar sauyi, wato, jurewa matakai huɗu na tsawon lokaci mai ban mamaki: na kwai, na ƙyanƙyashe, na murfin, a ƙarshe na babban asu ko malam buɗe ido. Wato, a tsakiyar balaga, yana cin gajiyar ɗigon furanni kuma yana rayuwa kaɗan kaɗan na ɗan gajeren lokaci, kawai rabin wata.
Bargon wayar hannu
Ya fito ne daga rukunin mylobatids, waɗanda sune kifin cartilaginous da aka sani da katako ko ray kuma an bambanta su ta hanyar samun mafi girman hankali a cikin kifin a rukuninsa. Yawanci yana da girma kuma yana rayuwa a cikin babban teku, ba daidai a kasan tekun ba.
Yana da fa'ida daga qananan crustaceans, misali, krill wanda ke ratsa babban bakinsa yayin yin iyo. Tsawonsa zai kai mita ashirin da biyar kuma yana da ledar mucosa da ke kare fata, wata gabar da za ta iya rasa idan mutane suka motsa ta.
orange skimmer dragonfly
Ana ganin irin wannan nau'in mazari a matsayin bug ɗin jinkirin ɗan lokaci wanda ke tafiyar da rabuwa mai tsayi kuma yana iya wuce kilomita 18,000 a nisa.
atlas malam buɗe ido
Ita ce malam buɗe ido mafi girma a duniya, wanda ke sarrafa kusan 30 cm tare da buɗe fuka-fukansa. Babu shakka, saboda girman girmansa, jirginsa ya fi na ƙananan nau'in nauyi da hankali.
na kowa nightingale
Tsuntsaye ne da aka sani da waƙa mai daraja wanda aka yi shi don fitar da rini iri-iri, ana samun shi daga wurin iyayensa kuma ana ba wa 'ya'yansa.
Nau'in Dabbobin Sama
Ana iya ɗaukar dabbobin iska a matsayin na cikin ƙungiyoyi masu zuwa:
Aves
An halicce su ne don yin ƙwanƙwasa ƙanana kuma wani lokaci suna tafiya, kasusuwa da kwarangwal mai haske wanda ke saukaka musu tashi, da fuka-fuki ko daidaitawa da dumin jini. Ya zuwa yanzu yawancin suna iya tashi, ban da nau'ikan penguins iri ɗaya.
Suna da jikinsu a lulluɓe da plumes (wanda ke da alaƙa da kasancewa na yau da kullun ga dabbobi masu fuka-fuki waɗanda ke ba da inshora ga ƙarancin yanayin zafi, iska, riko da yanayin rigar da rana ta musamman.
Insectos
Waɗannan suna da exoskeleton wanda ke ƙarfafa rayayye kuma gabaɗaya suna da wayoyi masu karɓa waɗanda ke da aikin babbar gaɓoɓin jikinsu ta hanyar da suke fuskantar lamba, wari, ji da ma'anar shugabanci. Filayen fina-finai masu haske ne aka yi fikafikansu. Suna ciyar da kayan lambu da sauran ƙananan kwari.
Dabbobi masu shayarwa
A cikin wannan rukuni akwai kasusuwan kasusuwa masu ɗumi-ɗumi tare da abubuwan haɗin gwiwa guda huɗu. Babban dabbar da aka kirkira don tashi sama ita ce jemage, wanda kuma yana da lallausan fata mai laushi tsakanin sassanta, wanda ke ba shi damar tafiya ta iska, misali, jemage. Dankali, za su iya tsalle tsakanin bishiyoyi da bakin teku har sai sun isa wani shuka kusa.
Kifi
Shahararrun kifin da ke tashi ba su da fukafukai kuma ba sa tashi, amma suna shawagi ko shawagi na ɗan lokaci saboda siriri da tsayin tsarin rayuwarsu (kamar streamlined torpedo) wanda ke ba su damar yin iyo cikin sauri (har kilomita sittin a cikin awa ɗaya). ) wanda yake ɗauke da su da isasshiyar ƙarfi don tsalle daga cikin ruwa da tafiya ta iska. Kimanin nau'ikan kifaye masu tashi sama da arba'in ne aka samu.
dabbobi masu rarrafe
Shi ya sa a halin yanzu babu dabbobi masu rarrafe da suka dace da jirgin, a lokacin Dinosaurs Hervivorous (lokacin Mesozoic), dabba mai rarrafe da ake kira pterosaur tana daya daga cikin manyan kashin bayanta don tabbatar da ikon tashi. An samo babban burbushin pterosaur a shekara ta 1784 kuma daga 1801 kawai aka gani a matsayin dabbar iska.
Menene Dabbobin Sama ko Vmasu wari?
Saboda haka, dabbobi masu tashi da ethereal suna kama da juna, ko da yake akwai lokuta na musamman inda tashi da iska ba sa nufin wani abu mai kama da juna. Baya ga wannan bayanin, halittun da ke cikin iska sune waɗanda ke amfani da tafiye-tafiye a matsayin tsarin saurin gudu.
Ga wasu halittu, wannan ita ce kawai hanyar motsinsu, amma wasu da yawa suna amfani da shi azaman hutu a cikakken kallon mafarauci.
Dabbobi biyu ne kawai ke da ikon tashi na gaske, duk da cewa idan aka kalle su ta mahangar nau'ikan dabbobi, galibin nau'in dabbobin da ke wanzuwa a doron kasa suna yawo, masu firgitarwa.
Dabbobi iri-iri suna tashi don yawancin rayuwarsu, suna haɓaka duk mahimman abubuwan da ake ji a kusa da su: cin abinci, gano yanayin su da masu haɗawa, ko maimaitawa. A gare su, tashi yana da mahimmanci ga rayuwa.
Halittu daban-daban suna iya samun ikon tashi lokacin da suka girma. Wasu nau'ikan dabbobi sun dace da manyan nisa, a matsayin halittu masu wucewa, wasu kawai suna buƙatar tashi tazara kaɗan.
Zai samu halaye na m dabbobi mai ban mamaki amma kwatanci, tunda tabbataccen manufa ita ce kwatankwacin: tashi.
Ayyukan
Yawo yana ɗaya daga cikin hanyoyin da dabbobi ke buƙatar motsawa, duk da haka, ba duk dabbobin ke iya ba. Don tashi yana da mahimmanci don samun halaye na jiki waɗanda ke ba da izinin tashi.
Dabbobin da ke yawo na iska ne?
Wannan shi ne lamari na musamman da ake magana a kai a bangaren da ya gabata, inda tashi da iska ba su nufin abu daya ba, dabbobi masu iyo ana daukar su kamar dabbobi ne, amma ba dabbobi masu tashi ba.
Hakan ya faru ne saboda ba za su iya tashi ba, duk da haka suna tafiya ta iska. Su dabbobi ne da ke da ƙananan jiki, haske da fim mai laushi na fata wanda ke hade da mafi nisa. A wannan ma'anar, idan sun yi billa, suna shimfiɗa ƙafafu kuma suna amfani da wannan fim don yawo. A cikin wannan rukunin akwai dabbobi masu rarrafe da dabbobi masu shayarwa.
Wasu misalan dabbobin iska
Kamar yadda ka ambata galibin tsuntsayen nan masu tashi dabbobin iska ne. Samfurin bayyanannen su ne swifts. Cewa bayan sun bar gida, sun cika rayuwarsu cikin iska suna shawagi. Suna ciyar da su ta hanyar buɗe hancinsu da bin sauro, suna bin sauro yayin da suke tashi, har ma suna iya samun jigilar iska.
Aku kuma dabbobi ne masu iska, ba tare da la’akari da kasancewar masu hawa abin yabo ba. Psittacines da yawa sun ƙaura kuma saboda wannan dole ne su sami babban ikon tashi.
Jemage na hammerhead, mafi girman nau'in jemagu na Afirka, kama da kowane irin chiropteran, dabba ce mai iska. A cikin dare, yana ciyar da sa'o'in hasken rana yana hutawa kuma yana amfana daga samfuran 'ya'yan itace na halitta.
Malamin malam buɗe ido wani lamari ne na gaske na dabbar da ke tashi wanda ke da wurin da ya fito tare da al'ummar masu rarrafe masu rarrafe, kamar yadda a tsarin rayuwarsu sukan yi wata ƙaura mafi tsawo a duniya.
